Canterbury power station explained
| Canterbury power station |
| Country: | England United Kingdom |
| Location: | Canterbury |
| Status: | Decommissioned and demolished |
| Construction Began: | 1898 |
| Commissioned: | 1900 |
| Decommissioned: | 1960 |
| Owner: | Canterbury Corporation
(1900–1948)
British Electricity Authority
(1948–1955)
Central Electricity Authority
(1955–1957)
Central Electricity Generating Board
(1958–1960) |
| Operator: | As owner |
| Th Fuel Primary: | Coal |
| Th Technology: | steam turbines |
| Ps Cooling Source: | river water |
| Ps Units Operational: | 1 x 1875 kW and 2 x 1250 kW turbo-alternators |
| Ps Units Manu Model: | Brush-Ljungstrom |
| Ps Electrical Capacity: | 4.375 MW |
| Ps Annual Generation: | 5048 MWh in 1946 |
Canterbury power station supplied electricity to the city of Canterbury, Kent, England, from 1900 to 1960. This small generating station was owned and operated by Canterbury Corporation until the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. The power station was redeveloped several times: including the incorporation of new plant in the 1920s. Canterbury power station was decommissioned in about 1960.
History
In 1883 a provisional order was granted by the Board of Trade under the Electric Lighting Acts for the generation and supply of electricity to the City of Canterbury. This was confirmed by Parliament in the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 1) Act 1883 (46 & 47 Vict. c. ccxiii).[1] However, no scheme was taken forward. Another provisional order was obtained by the corporation under the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 1) Act 1891 (54 & 55 Vict. c. xlix).[2] The power station was built off Northgate Street (51°17'03"N 1°05'10"E)[3] and first supplied electricity in 1900.[4]
Equipment specification
The initial plant included a pair of generators.[5]
By 1923 the generating plant comprised:[6]
- Coal-fired boilers generating up to 33,000 lb/h (4.16 kg/s) of steam, the steam was supplied to:
- Generators:
- 1 × 150 kW reciprocating engine driving a generator
- 2 × 300 kW reciprocating engines driving generators
- 1 × 1,250 kW steam turbo-alternators, generating 3-phase 50 Hz current at 6.6 kV.
Electricity supplies available to consumers were 220 and 440 V DC
New plant 1923–29
New plant was commissioned over the period 1923–29 comprising:[7]
- Boilers:
- 2 × Babcock & Wilcox boilers with chain grate stokers, each producing 15,000 lb/h (1.89 kg/s) of steam, steam conditions 200 psi and 670 °F (13.8 bar, 354 °C)
- Generating equipment:
- 1 × Brush-Ljungstrom 1,875 kW turbo-alternator
- 2 × Brush-Ljungstrom 1,250 kW turbo-alternators, 3-phase 50 Hz 6.6 kV
- 2 × Bruce-Peebles converters 500 kW and 250 kW
Condenser cooling water was drawn from the nearby River Stour.
Operations
Operating data 1921–23
The operating data for the period 1921–23 is shown in the table:
Electricity Use! rowspan="2" | Units | Year |
|---|
| 1921 | 1922 | 1923 |
|---|
| Lighting and domestic use | MWh | 356 | 395 | 470 |
| Public lighting use | MWh | 190 | 125 | 154 |
| Traction | MWh | – | – | – |
| Power use | MWh | 476 | 515 | 536 |
| Total use | MWh | 1,022 | 1,036 | 1,162 |
| Load and connected load |
|---|
| Maximum load | kW | 844 | 812 | 805 |
| Total connections | kW | 2,647 | 2,772 | 3,000 |
| Load factor | Per cent | 16.5 | 17.8 | 19.1 |
| Financial |
|---|
| Revenue from sales of current | £ | – | 21,311 | 21,814 |
| Surplus of revenue over expenses | £ | – | 7,198 | 10,079 | |
Under the terms of the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926 (16 & 17 Geo. 5 c. 51)[8] the Central Electricity Board (CEB) was established in 1926.[9] The CEB identified high efficiency ‘selected’ power stations that would supply electricity most effectively. The CEB also constructed the national grid (1927–33) to connect power stations within a region.
Operating data 1946
Canterbury power station operating data, 1946 was:[10]
Canterbury power station operating data, 1946!Year!Load factor per cent!Max output load MW!Electricity supplied MWh!Thermal efficiency per cent| 1946 | – | 4,030 | 5,048 | – | |
The British electricity supply industry was
nationalised in 1948 under the provisions of the
Electricity Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6 c. 54).
[11] The Canterbury electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of Canterbury power station was vested in the
British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the
Central Electricity Authority and the
Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB). At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Canterbury electricity undertaking were transferred to the
South Eastern Electricity Board (SEEBOARD).
Operating data 1954–58
Operating data for the period 1954–58 is shown in the table:
Canterbury power station operating data, 1954–58!!Running hours!Max output capacity MW!Electricity supplied GWh!Thermal efficiency per cent| 1954 | 1103 | 2 | 2.514 | 9.35 |
| 1955 | 738 | 2 | 1.309 | 9.94 |
| 1956 | 489 | 2 | 0.819 | 9.68 |
| 1957 | 775 | 2 | 1.356 | 10.20 |
| 1958 | 615 | 2 | 0.937 | 10.16 | |
Closure
Canterbury power station was decommissioned in about 1960.[12] The buildings were subsequently demolished and the area has been redeveloped with commercial units.
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: Local Acts 1883. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110203141134/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/changes/chron-tables/local/86 . 2011-02-03 . 12 October 2020. legislation.gov.uk.
- Web site: Local Acts 1891. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110203141411/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/changes/chron-tables/local/97 . 2011-02-03 . 12 October 2020. legislation.gov.uk.
- Ordnance Survey 6 inch map Kent XLVI.NE (includes: Canterbury.) revised: 1938, published: ca. 1945
- Book: Garcke, Emile. Manual of Electrical Undertakings 1898-99 vol. 3. P. S. King and Son. 1898. London. 133.
- Web site: Grace's Guide Canterbury Power Station. 12 October 2020. Grace's Guide to British Industrial History.
- Book: Electricity Commissioners. Electricity Supply – 1920–23. HMSO. 1925. London. 18–21, 266–71.
- Book: Garrett, Frederick. Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56. Electrical Press. 1959. London. A-42, A-116.
- Web site: Electricity (Supply) Act 1926. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161007025328/http://www.legislation.gov.uk:80/ukpga/Geo5/16-17/51/contents/enacted . 2016-10-07 . 12 October 2020. legislation.gov.uk.
- Book: Electricity Council. Electricity supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology. Electricity Council. 1987. 085188105X. London. 45, 60, 69, 73.
- Book: Electricity Commissioners. Generation of Electricity in Great Britain Year Ended 31 December 1946. HMSO. 1947. London. 7.
- Web site: Electricity Act 1947. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20200612224526/http://www.legislation.gov.uk:80/ukpga/Geo6/10-11/54/contents/enacted . 2020-06-12 . 12 October 2020. legislation.gov.uk.
- Data for 1958 given in Garcke 1959, but Canterbury station is not on the list of stations in CEGB Annual report and Accounts, 1961
