| Official Name: | Caneyville Township |
| Settlement Type: | Township |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kansas |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Chautauqua |
| Area Total Km2: | 144.27 |
| Area Land Km2: | 143.72 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.55 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 55.7 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 55.49 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.21 |
| Area Water Percent: | 0.38 |
| Population As Of: | 2000 |
| Population Total: | 88 |
| Population Density Km2: | 0.6 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 1.6 |
| Elevation M: | 316 |
| Elevation Ft: | 1037 |
| Coordinates: | 37.2528°N -96.4558°W |
| Blank Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank Info: | 0485518 |
Caneyville Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 88.
Caneyville Township covers an area of 55.7sqmi and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: New Cloverdale, Old Cloverdale and Pleasant Valley.
The streams of Squaw Creek and Wolf Creek run through this township.