Camarera mayor de Palacio explained

The Camarera mayor de Palacio (First Lady of the Bedchamber) was a court official of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain, who was in charge of the person and the rooms of the Queen of Spain.

Historical precedents and regime during the 17th and 18th centuries

This office was created in 1526 when, during the Habsburg dynasty, the Royal Court was shaped after that one that existed in the Court of Burgundy. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, but also King of Spain, imported the etiquette styled in the Court of his paternal grandmother Mary of Burgundy and appointed the first “Camarera mayor de Palacio” for his wife, the Empress.

The principal responsibility of the “Camarera mayor de Palacio” was managing all that was related with the service to the Queen and she had authority over the different dignities and servants that composed her personnel. Her first obligation was the personal assistance to the Sovereign. She had to accompany her at all time, up to the point of sleeping in her chamber, when the King was not doing it. She was in charge of the clothes purveyors and directed the formal dressing of the Queen. In fact she had the high duty of delivering the Queen the water and the towel during morning toilette. All these functions gave the “Camarera mayor” a great intimacy with the Queen, as well as a big influence over her.

Regime during the 19th and 20th centuries

In the structure of the Royal Household, the Office “Camarera mayor de Palacio” had the same category as that of the Mayordomo mayor. Only a woman with the rank of Grandee of Spain could be nominated for this Office, and she was chosen between those of the class of “Dama de la Reina” (Lady of the Bedchamber) of major seniority. She was in charge of everything relative to the etiquette and organization of the Household of the Queen helped by the “Mayordomo mayor” (High Steward) to the Queen.

Between her duties there were signalling the dates for audiences to the Queen and accompanying her in every ceremony.

Under the “Camarera mayor de Palacio” they were the “Damas de la Reina” (Ladies of the Bedchamber) and the “Damas al servicio particular de la Reina” (Ladies-in-Waiting).

She had assigned an annual salary of 6.000 pesetas and had a private own office in the Royal Palace of Madrid.

She was styled “Excelentísima señora Camarera mayor de Palacio”.

This post was suppressed after the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931 and never re-created after the restoration of Monarchy in 1975.

List of camareras mayores to the queen of Spain, 1526–1931

Isabella of Portugal, 1526–1539

Anna of Austria, 1570–1580

Margaret of Austria, 1601–1611

Elisabeth of France, 1615–1644

Mariana of Austria, 1649–1665

Marie Louise of Orléans, 1679–1689

Maria Anna of Neuburg, 1689–1701

Maria Luisa of Savoy, 1700–1714

Elisabeth Farnese, 1714–1724

Louise Élisabeth of Orléans, 1724

Elisabeth Farnese, 1724–1746

Barbara of Portugal, 1746–1758

Maria Amalia of Saxony, 1759–1760

Maria Luisa of Parma, 1788–1808

Maria Isabel of Portugal, 1814–1818

Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony, 1818-1829

Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies, 1829–1833

Isabella II, 1833–1868

Mercedes of Orléans and Maria Cristina of Austria, 1875–1884

1884–1906

1906–1929

During the reign of King Alfonso XIII, and after his marriage, the separate Household of his mother the Queen Maria Cristina of Austria was created, with her own “Camarera mayor de la Reina Madre” (First Lady of the Bedchamber of the Queen Mother). This office was successively held by:

Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, 1906–1931

See also

References

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