| Flag Size: | 120x80px | ||
| Seal Size: | 100x80px | ||
| Image Map1: |
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| Pushpin Map: | Philippines | ||
| Pushpin Label Position: | left | ||
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location within the | ||
| Subdivision Type: | Country | ||
| Subdivision Name: | Philippines | ||
| Subdivision Type1: | Region | ||
| Subdivision Type2: | Province | ||
| Nickname: | The Small Town with a Big Heart | ||
| Etymology: | Tagalog: kamalig + an ("place of sheds") | ||
| Anthem: | Filipino; Pilipino: Camaligan Kong Namomótan | ||
| Subdivision Type3: | District | ||
| Established Title: | Founded | ||
| Established Date: | 1795 1900 (Annexed to Nueva Caceres), 1909 (re-independence) | ||
| Parts Type: | Barangays | ||
| Parts Style: | para | ||
| P1: | (see Barangays) | ||
| Leader Name: | Diano S. Ibardaloza, Jr. (PDPLBN)[1] | ||
| Leader Title1: | Vice Mayor | ||
| Leader Name1: | Josefina N. Asor (PDPLBN) (Acting)[2] | ||
| Leader Name2: | Gabriel H. Bordado Jr. (Liberal) | ||
| Leader Title3: | Municipal Council | ||
| Leader Title4: | Electorate | ||
| Leader Name4: | voters (electorate_point_in_time}}|) | ||
| Elevation Max M: | 24 | ||
| Elevation Min M: | -3 | ||
| Population Density Km2: | auto | ||
| Population Blank1 Title: | Households | ||
| Population Demonym: | Camaligueño (masculine) Camaligueña (feminine) | ||
| Timezone: | PST | ||
| Utc Offset: | +8 | ||
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code | ||
| Demographics Type1: | Economy | ||
| Demographics1 Info1: | 4th municipal income class | ||
| Demographics1 Title2: | Poverty incidence | ||
| Demographics1 Info2: | % | ||
| Demographics1 Title3: | Revenue | ||
| Demographics1 Title4: | Revenue rank | ||
| Demographics1 Title5: | Assets | ||
| Demographics1 Title6: | Assets rank | ||
| Demographics1 Title7: | IRA | ||
| Demographics1 Title8: | IRA rank | ||
| Demographics1 Title9: | Expenditure | ||
| Demographics1 Title10: | Liabilities | ||
| Demographics Type2: | Service provider | ||
| Demographics2 Title1: | Electricity | ||
| Demographics2 Title2: | Water | ||
| Demographics2 Title3: | Telecommunications | ||
| Demographics2 Title4: | Cable TV | ||
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Native languages | ||
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Crime index | ||
| Blank1 Name Sec2: | Major religions | ||
| Blank2 Name Sec2: | Feast date | ||
| Blank2 Info Sec2: | June 13 (Poblacion) | ||
| Blank3 Name Sec2: | Catholic diocese | ||
| Blank3 Info Sec2: | Archdiocese of Caceres | ||
| Blank4 Name Sec2: | Patron saint | ||
| Blank4 Info Sec2: | St. Anthony of Padua, St. Teresa of Calcutta | ||
Camaligan, officially the Municipality of Camaligan (Banwaan kan Camaligan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Camaligan), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,036 people. Camaligan rapidly became an urban town during the 1990s.
Camaligan is part of the Metro Naga Urban Area.
The town is home to the oldest known pre-colonial site in the Bicol region, dating 500 AD to 600 AD, making it an undeclared important archaeological zone.[3]
The origin of the town and its name can be traced back to the early settlers of the place. Known as the cortadores, or woodcutters, to the early Spanish colonizers who came to the place in the early 1700s, the settlers cut timbers from nearby mountains located upriver or around San Miguel Bay and made this as their form of living. Out of these timbers, they hewed out canoes or bancas which they stored under small sheds or huts. Later, when these sheds became abundant in the area, as they were made the permanent dwelling places by these canoe makers, the place was called "Camaligan", which means "a place where many sheds can be found", by combining the root word kamalig (or shed) and the locative suffix -an. The sheds served to shelter the canoe makers and protect their boats from the natural elements. Hence, the name and origin of the town is historically tied to the Bicol River and its early inhabitants.
"Catagbacan" was the oldest known name of Camaligan. Moreover, according to D. Adolfo Puya y Ruiz, in his “Camarines Sur – Descripcion General De Està Provincia En Luzon” (Manila: 1887), Camaligan was called "Kinamaligan" before.
The town of Camaligan is a known archeological site. In 2016 to 2017, hundreds of artifacts, including shells, jar fragments, tools, other deposits, pig bones, deer bones, stingray cartilage, shark cartilage, and at least fifteen (15) pre-colonial human remains, were found in the area, which marked a revolutionary phase in Bicol archaeology. The shells and tools found in the town was dated back 1,500 years ago or approximately 500 to 600 AD. The site contained no trace of Chinese, Southeast Asian, or South Asian trade links, making Camaligan a pure pre-colonial Bicolano site.[3] [4]
The settlers of the religious visita of Nueva Caceres, which was then under its ecclesiastical jurisdiction, arrived in the town by the 17th century. The pre-colonial cemetery and community center were transformed by the Spanish into the town's current church compound to diminish native belief systems and instill Catholicism.[5] During this time, Camaligan had five barrios in its jurisdiction, namely Marupit, Doncal (now Dugcal), Sua, San Roque and Tarosanan. Each barrio has a small wooden chapel.
On 5 June 1795, a petition to the Spanish religious authorities was sent by the natives and signed by the supposedly officials of the place, to request for a resident curate. The officials’ names were Andre Casa, Diego, Lobao, Simeon de la Cruz, Manuel del Espiritu Santo, Fernando Valenzuela, Agustin del Espiritu Santo, Marcos David, Domingo Flores, Pedro Negre, Bartolome Rodriguez and Valentine de los Santos. Fray Rafael de Benavente was appointed as the first parish priest.
In 1902, the municipality was officially established through an act of the Philippine legislature. It also named Pedro Bustamante as the first municipal mayor. This event of the creation of the Municipality of Camaligan was brought about by a historical fact when the town was eventually separated from being as an annex of Nueva Caceres (now Naga City).
With an area of, it is the smallest municipality in Camarines Sur, but it is the densest, having an approximation of 5,200 persons per square kilometer, which is almost twice the density of the neighboring City of Naga of 2,456 per square kilometer.[6]
Camaligan is politically subdivided into 13 barangays.[7] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
| Barangays | Class | Population[8] | Barangay Head | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dugcal | Rural | 4,464 | Gabriel Jr. DV. Flores | |
| Marupit | Rural | 4,510 | Delia B. Mansor | |
| San Francisco | Rural | 745 | Eden G. Torallo | |
| San Jose-San Pablo (Poblacion) | Rural | 671 | Eden B. Bon | |
| San Juan-San Ramon (Poblacion) | Rural | 982 | Emeterio M. Avila | |
| San Lucas (Poblacion) | Rural | 578 | Cyril O. Agomaa | |
| San Marcos (Poblacion) | Rural | 1,388 | Susana Agna | |
| San Mateo (Poblacion) | Rural | 1,508 | Carlos Q. Mariscal, Jr. | |
| San Roque | Rural | 3,585 | Rolando P. Marasigan | |
| Santo Domingo (Poblacion) | Rural | 618 | Maria Teresa A. Ruiz | |
| Santo Tomas (Poblacion) | Rural | 810 | Maria Jasmin M. Trinidad | |
| Sua | Rural | 2,154 | Servando Santa Ana | |
| Tarosanan | Rural | 2,096 | Marites Salumbides |
Camaligan has a significant amount of rainfall during the year. This is true even for the driest month. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Camaligan has a tropical rainforest climate. The average annual temperature is 27.1 °C in Camaligan. About 2527 mm of precipitation falls annually.[9]
In the 2020 census, the population of Camaligan was 25,036 people, with a density of NaNPD/km2NaNPD/km2.
Bicol River serves as a natural source of irrigation and fertilization to the town where agriculture is still considered as a major industry.
Out of the 468 hectares total land area, 175 hectares are devoted to rice production, all of which are irrigated and fertilized by the river through its occasional flooding.
Camaligan is being headed by a mayor who is being elected by its residents.
The current mayor of the town is Diano Ibardaloza, Jr.[1] Last May 2022 Election, he has been elected for his first term as the Municipal Mayor.[1]
Since 1902, thirty-one (31) mayors already headed the town.
| Term | Mayor[10] | |
|---|---|---|
| 1902-1903 | Pedro Bustamante | |
| 1904-1905 | Quintin Bagsic | |
| 1905-1906 | Catalino Alayan | |
| 1906-1907 | Fabian Garcia | |
| 1908-1909 | Tomas Salvador | |
| 1909-1911 | Jose Agapor | |
| 1912-1915 | Mauricio Cordial | |
| 1916-1919 | Liberato Montiveros | |
| 1920-1923 | Antonio Santa Ana | |
| 1924-1927 | Pedro Flores | |
| 1928-1931 | Vidal Custodio | |
| 1932-1935 | Elias Agna de Dios | |
| 1936-1941 | Teotimo Rebuquiao | |
| 1942-1944 | Felipe Cuadrante | |
| 1944 | Glecerio Blas | |
| 1945 | Andres Diez | |
| 1946-1947 | Julio Capucao | |
| 1948-1951 | Francisco A. Aurellano | |
| 1952-1955 | Buenaventura Plantado | |
| 1956-1963 | Agapito T. Loriaga | |
| 1964-1967 | Dalmacio Aurellano | |
| 1968-1971 | Agapito T. Loriaga | |
| 1972-1986 | Dalmacio Aurellano | |
| 1986 | Napoleon Valiente | |
| 1986-1987 | Amelito Belen | |
| 1987 | Fabian A. Valenciano | |
| 1987-1988 | Priscilla T. Aurellano | |
| 1988-1995 | Manuel N. Prado | |
| 1995-2004 | Rolando C. Eduardo | |
| 2004-2007 | Pablo N. Prado | |
| 2007-2010 | Rolando C. Eduardo | |
| 2010-2013 | Emmanuel T. Prado | |
| 2013-2022 | Marilou Marquez-Hirose | |
| 2022–Present | Diano S. Ibardaloza, Jr. |
The people of Camaligan derived their socio-cultural identity as river people from the existence of the river. Bicol River is an important resource for irrigation and fertilization of the land where agriculture and fishing is still considered as a major industry. The place's festivals, songs and dances found their roots and inspiration from the river. Hence, the river ecology has bred its own distinct community.[10]
Religious and cultural festivals are being held in the town.
St. Anthony of Padua Parish Church is one of the oldest churches in the province of Camarines Sur.[5] The church is one of the favorite spots for Visita Iglesia in the province.[11]
Santo Domingo Chapel is an old chapel which was a former burial ground during pre-colonial times. It is a central archeological site where a lot of burial jars, porcelains and skeleton bones were found during the diggings.[5]
Sira, or fish, is a small wharf painted with festive colors that is constructed on the riverside of barangay San Francisco. This also serves as a dock for banca passengers.[5]
After the initial launching of Camaligan River Park on 1 June 2014, its tourism industry began to be more active. Its continuous improvements attracted many visitors, mostly coming from the City of Naga, to come and enjoy walking along the riverside.[12]
M/B Camaligan is a motorboat which docks beside Camaligan River Park. Also known as Camaligan River Cruise, it is also a floating restaurant which crosses the Bicol River. Launched last 6 February 2019, it is the newest attraction which promotes the river culture of the town.[12]
Camaligan is Bicol region's oldest known pre-colonial site, filled with numerous stone tools, jar fragments, shell middens, pig and deer bones, shark and ray cartilages, and other artifacts and biofacts. The site also homes to fifteen human skeletons of pre-colonial Ibalons. The site is so rare and vital as it does not contain any evidence of trade contact with China, Southeast Asian neighbors or South Asia, making it one of the very few pre-colonial sites in the Philippines with distinct Filipino artifacts and biofacts unaffected by outside trade. Both the University of the Philippines and University of California, Los Angeles have been pushing for the town's declaration as an "Important Archaeological Site." Scholars have also been pushing for the site's nomination in the UNESCO World Heritage List.[3] [4]
In a documentary made by GMA News TV, it was found that the artifacts and biofacts were not limited to the town proper. In fact, during a road-widening project conducted in September 2017 by the national government, hundreds of human bone fragments, animal bones, burial and ceremonial jar fragments, and stone tools were found after digging only the edges of the road. The documentary also found many Camaligueños to own artifacts they have found in their own land. Due to these findings, the town's reputation as a vital pre-colonial Ibalon archaeological site was solidified.[13]
Camaligan has one high school, six elementary schools and thirteen preschools. At present, there is no existing tertiary school in the town.