Cam Loch, Sutherland Explained

Cam Loch, Sutherland
Coordinates:	58.074°N -5.0308°W
Type:	freshwater loch
Inflow:	River Ledbeg
Outflow:	Abhainn Mhòr
Pushpin Map:	Scotland Sutherland
Pushpin Map Caption:	Location in Sutherland

Cam Loch (the crooked loch)^[1] is an irregularly-shaped freshwater loch, about 5 km long, on a north-west to south-east orientation, located slightly north of the village of Elphin, in the Assynt district of Sutherland, Scotland.^{[2] [3] [4]} The loch is located in an area along with neighbouring Coigach, as the Assynt-Coigach National Scenic Area,^[5] one of 40 such areas in Scotland.^[6]

Geography

Located immediately to the south-west of Cam Loch, and at a slightly lower level, is Loch Veyatie, which is roughly parallel to it.^[4] The two lochs are connected by Abhainn Mhòr, which consists of extensions of the two lochs with a waterfall between them. It is an area that holds several large lochs, for example the irregular-shaped Loch Sionascaig, directly to the west. The loch is overlooked by the twin peaks of Cùl Mòr at 849m to the south-west. Directly south of the loch is Canisp at 847m. To the south-east, is the steep-sides ridge that forms the mountain of Suilven at 723m. Cam Loch sits in an area of wilderness landscape of moorland, bogs, and lochs and lochans.

Cam Loch is fed by inflows from Loch Urigill and Loch Borralan via the River Ledbeg.^[7] The loch drains via Abhainn Mhòr, into Loch Veyatie, that is part of the Fionn Loch Drainage System, that drains into Fionn Loch, that in turn is drained by the River Kirkaig into the sea.^[7]

Interglacial site

Cam Loch is internationally important as one of the most intensively studied late glacial sites in Scotland, in studies by members of the Freshwater Biological Association.^[8] It is a reference site for the stratigraphy of the late glacial in north-west Scotland and used to compare paleoecological research with sites elsewhere in the United Kingdom and Western Europe.^[8] The sediments preserved on the loch bed are important for reconstructing the late glacial period between 13000 and 10000 BP.^[8] The evidence provided by the sediment shows a rapid and marked climatic change during that period.^[8] Due to richness of the evidence, the loch has been intensively studied over the years.^[8] The sediments have been studied for their inorganic and organic geochemistry, pollen stratigraphy and diatom stratigraphy.^[8]

Bibliography

Inorganic geochemistry

• Pennington . Winifred . Sackin . M. J. . I. Numerical Analysis . New Phytologist . September 1975 . 75 . 2 . 419–453 . 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1975.tb01405.x. free .
• Pennington . Winifred . A chronostratigraphic comparison of Late-Weichselian and Late-Devensian subdivisions, illustrated by two radiocarbon-dated profiles from western Britain . Boreas . October 1975 . 4 . 3 . 157–171 . 10.1111/j.1502-3885.1975.tb00687.x.
• Pennington . W. . Lake Sediments and the Lateglacial Environment in Northern Scotland . Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment . 1977 . 119–141 . 10.1016/B978-0-08-020498-7.50013-3. 9780080204987 .

Organic geochemistry

• Cranwell . P.A. . Diagenesis of free and bound lipids in terrestrial detritus deposited in a lacustrine sediment . Organic Geochemistry . September 1981 . 3 . 3 . 79–89 . 10.1016/0146-6380(81)90002-4.
• Cranwell . P.A. . Organic geochemistry of Cam Loch (Sutherland) sediments . Chemical Geology . 1977 . 20 . 205–221 . 10.1016/0009-2541(77)90044-4. 1977ChGeo..20..205C .
• Pennington . W. . Lake Sediments and the Lateglacial Environment in Northern Scotland . Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment . 1977 . 119–141 . 10.1016/B978-0-08-020498-7.50013-3. 9780080204987 .

Pollen stratigraphy

• Pennington . Winifred . A chronostratigraphic comparison of Late-Weichselian and Late-Devensian subdivisions, illustrated by two radiocarbon-dated profiles from western Britain . Boreas . October 1975 . 4 . 3 . 157–171 . 10.1111/j.1502-3885.1975.tb00687.x.
• Pennington . W. . Lake Sediments and the Lateglacial Environment in Northern Scotland . Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment . 1977 . 119–141 . 10.1016/B978-0-08-020498-7.50013-3. 9780080204987 .

Diatom stratigraphy

• Haworth . Elizabeth Y. . Two Late-Glacial (Late Devensian) Diatom Assemblage Profiles from Northern Scotland . The New Phytologist . July 1976 . 77 . 1 . 227–256 . Wiley. 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb01516.x . 2433656 . free .
• Pennington . W. . Lake Sediments and the Lateglacial Environment in Northern Scotland . Studies in the Scottish Lateglacial Environment . 1977 . 119–141 . 10.1016/B978-0-08-020498-7.50013-3. 9780080204987 .

Notes and References

1. Book: The New Statistical Account of Scotland: Sutherland, Caithness, Orkney, Shetland, General index . 1845 . W. Blackwood and Sons . Edinburgh, London . 107 . en. XV.
2. Book: John . Murray . Lawrence . Pullar. Bathymetrical Survey of the Fresh-Water Lochs of Scotland, 1897–1909 Lochs of the Kirkaig Basin Volume II – Cam Loch. National Library of Scotland. 161 . 20 January 2022.
3. Web site: Cam Loch . Centre for Ecology and Hydrology . Scotland and Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research (SNIFFER) . 20 January 2022 . 11 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160611204850/https://eip.ceh.ac.uk/apps/lakes/detail.html#wbid=10934 . dead .
4. Web site: Gittings . Bruce . Munro . David . Cam Loch. The Gazetteer for Scotland . School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh and The Royal Scottish Geographical Society . 21 January 2022.
5. Web site: Assynt-Coigach National Scenic Area. NatureScot. 2 October 2020.
6. Web site: National Scenic Areas. NatureScot. 2 October 2020.
7. Book: Yu . Ge . Lake Status Records from Europe: Data Base Documentation . 1995 . World Data Center-A for Paleoclimatology, NOAA Paleoclimatology Program . 262 . en.
8. Book: Birks, H.J.B.. Gordon . J. E. . Sutherland . D. G. . Quaternary of Scotland . 6 December 2012 . Springer Science & Business Media . 978-94-011-1500-1 . 134 . https://books.google.com/books?id=d6S-BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA134 . en. Cam Loch.