Calytrix achaeta explained

Calytrix achaeta, commonly known as the white-flowered turkey bush,[1] kerosene wood or fringe-myrtle, is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is a shrub or tree with hairy branchlets, egg-shaped, linear or lance-shaped leaves, and white to cream-coloured flowers with 12 to 18 stamens in a single row.

Description

Calytrix achaeta is a shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of and has hairy branchlets. Its leaves are widely spaced on main stems, but overlap on leafy side-shoots, egg-shaped, linear or lance-shaped, long and wide on a petiole up to long, with a linear stipule up to long at the base of the petiole. The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils on a peduncle long with hairy, more or less round long, but that fall off as the flower develops. The floral tube is long with 10 ribs, and is spindle-shaped or cylindrical. The sepals lobes are long and wide and the petals are white to cream-coloured, lance-shaped, narrowly elliptic or linear, long and wide. There are about 12 to 18 white stamens in a single row, each long. Flowering occurs from January to August, and the seed is oval, long and wide.[2] [3]

Taxonomy

The species was originally described in 1859 by the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller who gave it the name Calycothrix achaeta in the Transactions of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria from specimens collected "on the sandstone table land of Arnhem's Land".[4] [5] In 1867, George Bentham transferred the species to Calytrix as C. achaeta in his Flora Australiensis.[6]

Distribution and habitat

White-flowered turkey bush is found on flats or hills in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and the Top End of the Northern Territory where it grows in sandy soils over laterite, quartzite or granite.

Ecology

This species has a lifespan of 11 to 20 years and forms a lignotuber from which it is able to resprout from following a fire.[7]

Uses

The Kunwinjku peoples know the plant as mandjumbak and the Kundjeyhmi know it as andjumbak.[8] Indigenous Australians used the wood from the plant to make fish hooks,[1] spearthrower pegs and for firewood.[9]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Medicinal Plants in Australia Volume 2: Gums, Resins, Tannin and Essential Oils. Cheryll Williams. Rosenberg Publishing. 2011. 9781925078060.
  2. Web site: Calytrix achaeta . Northern Territory . 17 June 2024.
  3. Craven . Lyndley . A taxonomic revision of Calytrix Labill. (Myrtaceae). . Brunonia . 1987 . 40–42.
  4. Web site: Calycothrix achaeta . Australian Plant Name Index . 19 June 2024.
  5. von Mueller . Ferdinand . Some hitherto unknown Australian plants. . Transactions of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria . 1859 . 3 . 43 . 19 June 2024.
  6. Web site: Calytrix achaeta . Australian Plant Name Index . 19 June 2024.
  7. Web site: Fire responses of Calytrix achaeta. 11 February 2017. Northern Land Manager.
  8. Web site: Garde . Murray . mandjumbak . Bininj Kunwok Online Dictionary . Bininj Kunwok Regional Language Centre . 5 Nov 2021.
  9. Web site: Fringe-myrtle Scientific Name Calytrix brownii, Calytrix achaeta. Bining gumwok. 11 February 2017. National Environmental Research Program. https://web.archive.org/web/20170307193431/http://mayh-dja-kundulk.bininjgunwok.org.au/plant_or_animals/fringe-myrtle. 7 March 2017. dead.