Caladenia rhomboidiformis explained

Caladenia rhomboidiformis, commonly known as the diamond spider orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect, hairy leaf and one or two green, yellow and red flowers. Until 1971 It was known as a variety of the green comb spider orchid Caladenia dilatata then, until 1989 as a variety of the clubbed spider orchid, Caladenia longiclavata.

Description

Caladenia rhomboidiformis is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, hairy leaf, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and about 2sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. One or two green, yellow and red flowers NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide are borne on a stalk NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 tall. The sepals have yellowish to brown, club-like glandular tips NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. The dorsal sepal is erect, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The lateral sepals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide, turn stiffly downwards and roughly parallel to each other. The petals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide, spread widely and are also turned stiffly downwards. The labellum is NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide, broadly diamond-shaped and white to yellow with a deep red tip. The sides of the labellum have greenish teeth up to 2sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and the tip is curled under. There are four rows of deep red calli along the mid-line of the labellum. Flowering occurs from September to October.[1] [2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

This orchid was first described in 1930 by Edith Coleman who gave it the name Caladenia dilatata var. rhomboidiformis and published the description in The Victorian Naturalist.[4] [5] In 1971, Alex George recognised it as Caladenia longiclavata var. rhomboidiformis[6] and in 1989 Mark Clements and Stephen Hopper raised it to species status.[7] The specific epithet (rhomboidiformis) is derived from the Ancient Greek word ῥόμβος rhombos meaning "rhombus",[8] the suffix oid meaning "likeness" and the Latin word forma meaning "shape" or "figure" referring to the diamond-shaped labellum of this orchid.

Distribution and habitat

The diamond spider orchid is found between Busselton and Augusta in the Jarrah Forest and Warren biogeographic regions where it grows in a variety of habitats but often in jarrah forest, or Banksia or sheoak woodland.

Conservation

Caladenia rhomboidiformis is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 75.
  2. Book: Brown. Andrew. Dundas. Pat. Dixon. Kingsley. Hopper. Stephen. Orchids of Western Australia. 2008. University of Western Australia Press. Crawley, Western Australia. 9780980296457. 114.
  3. Book: Hoffman. Noel. Brown. Andrew. Orchids of South-West Australia. 2011. Noel Hoffman. Gooseberry Hill. 9780646562322. 155. 3rd.
  4. Web site: Caladenia dilatata var. rhomboidiformis. APNI. 15 March 2017.
  5. Coleman. Edith. A New Caladenia. The Victorian Naturalist. 1930. 46. 197. 15 March 2017.
  6. Web site: Caladenia longiclavata var. rhomboidiformis. APNI. 15 March 2017.
  7. Web site: Caladenia rhomboidiformis. APNI. 15 March 2017.
  8. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C..