Caladenia graniticola explained

Caladenia graniticola, commonly known as the Pingaring spider orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single, hairy leaf and one or two yellowish-green, red and white flowers which have a greenish-yellow and white labellum with a red tip. It was originally described as Caladenia hoffmanii subsp. graniticola but has a slightly different labellum and column.

Description

Caladenia graniticola is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single erect, hairy leaf, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. One or two flowers NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide are borne on a stalk NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 tall. The flowers are yellowish-green, red and white and the lateral sepals and petals have narrow, club-like, glandular tips. The lateral sepals and petals spread widely and curve downwards. The dorsal sepal is erect, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The lateral sepals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide, curved so that they sometimes cross each other. The petals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and about 3sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and curve downwards. The labellum is NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and greenish-yellow with a red tip. The tip of the labellum turns downward but is not rolled under as in some other caladenias. The sides of the labellum have narrow, erect teeth up to 5sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and there are four rows of deep red calli up to 3sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, along the centre of the labellum. Flowering from late September to October.[1] [2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

The Pingaring spider orchid was first described in 2001 by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Phillip Brown from a specimen collected near Pingaring, after a specimen was first discovered by Kathleen White in 1984. It was given the name Caladenia hoffmanii subsp. graniticola and the description was published in Nuytsia.[4] In 2007, the same authors raised it to species status.[5] The specific epithet (graniticola) is derived from the Latin word graniticus meaning 'granite rocks' and -cola meaning 'dweller', referring to the habitat preference of this species.[6]

Distribution and habitat

Pingaring spider orchid occurs between Kalgarin and Newdegate in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions where it grows under tall shrubs on and around granite outcrops.

Conservation

Caladenia graniticola is classified as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. The main threats to the species are its small population size, inappropriate fire regimes, grazing by rabbits and kangaroos and weed invasion.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 81.
  2. Book: Brown. Andrew. Dundas. Pat. Dixon. Kingsley. Hopper. Stephen. Orchids of Western Australia. 2008. University of Western Australia Press. Crawley, Western Australia. 9780980296457. 127.
  3. Book: Hoffman. Noel. Brown. Andrew. Orchids of South-West Australia. 2011. Noel Hoffman. Gooseberry Hill. 9780646562322. 153. 3rd.
  4. Web site: Caladenia hoffmanii subsp. graniticola. APNI. 9 February 2017.
  5. Web site: Caladenia graniticola. APNI. 9 February 2017.
  6. Book: Francis Aubie Sharr. Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings . 2019 . Four Gables Press . Kardinya, Western Australia . 9780958034180 . 210.
  7. Web site: Kershaw. Kim Greg Durell and Andrew Brown. Loudon. Bethea. Beecham. Brett. Durell. Greg. Brown. Andrew. Interim Recovery Plan No.123, Pingaring Spider Orchid (Caladenia hoffmanii subsp. graniticola) Interim Recovery Plan. 9 February 2017.