Caladenia flavovirens explained

Caladenia flavovirens, commonly known as the summer spider orchid, or the Christmas spider orchid is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria in Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and one or two pale greenish-yellow flowers.

Description

Caladenia flavovirens is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single hairy, narrow lance-shaped leaf, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. One or two pale greenish-yellow flowers are borne on a spike NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 high. The sepals and petals taper to brownish, thread-like tips. The dorsal sepal is erect, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, about 4sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and the lateral sepals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The petals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, about 6sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The labellum is egg-shaped, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with its edges turned up. It is yellowish green with its maroon-coloured tip rolled under. There are many narrow thin teeth along the edges and four or six rows of red or yellow calli along its centre line. Flowering occurs from December to January.[1] [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia flavovirens was first formally described by Geoffrey Carr in 1991 from a specimen collected near Montrose. The description was published in Indigenous Flora and Fauna Association Miscellaneous Paper 1.[5] The specific epithet (flavovirens) is from the Latin words flavus meaning “golden-yellow” or "yellow"[6] and virens meaning "green".

Distribution and habitat

Summer spider orchid grows among shrubs in near-coastal areas and in open forest with grass or heath on mountains. It is only found in Victoria where it was once common but now rare and possibly extinct in areas near Portland, Lorne and Marlo.

Conservation

Caladenia flavovirens is listed as "rare" in the Department of Environment and Primary Industries Advisory List of Rare Or Threatened Plants In Victoria.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 54.
  2. Web site: Jeanes. Jeff. Caladenia flavovirens. Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria: VicFlora. 4 February 2017.
  3. Web site: Caladenia flavovirens. Yarra Ranges shire Council. 4 February 2017.
  4. Book: Mayfield. Enid. Flora of the Otway plain & ranges.. 2010. CSIRO Publishing. Collingwood, VIC. 9780643098046. 77. 2nd.
  5. Web site: Caladenia flavovirens. APNI. 2 February 2017.
  6. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C..
  7. Web site: Advisory List of Rare Or Threatened Plants In Victoria - 2014 . Threatened species advisory lists. Department of Environment and Primary Industries (Victoria). 4 February 2017.