| Ma'anshan | |
| Native Name: | 马鞍山市 |
| Native Name Lang: | zh-Hans |
| Other Name: | Maanshan |
| Settlement Type: | Prefecture-level city |
| Pushpin Map: | Anhui |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the city centre in Anhui |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 225--> |
| Coordinates: | 31.669°N 118.507°W |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Ma'anshan municipal government |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Type2: | County-level divisions |
| Subdivision Type3: | Township-level divisions |
| Subdivision Name1: | Anhui |
| Subdivision Name2: | 6 |
| Subdivision Name3: | 49 |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Yushan District |
| Leader Title: | CPC Secretary |
| Leader Name: | Zheng Weiwen (Chinese: 郑为文) |
| Leader Title1: | Mayor |
| Leader Name1: | Zhang Xiaolin (Chinese: 张晓麟) |
| Area Total Km2: | 4053 |
| Area Urban Km2: | 710.5 |
| Area Metro Km2: | 1695.6 |
| Population Total: | 2159930 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 census |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Urban: | 965452 |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Population Metro: | 1253960 |
| Population Density Metro Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[2] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Prefecture-level city |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 243.9 billion US$ 30.5 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 113,089 US$ 17,530 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 243000 |
| Area Code: | 555 |
| Iso Code: | CN-AH-05 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Blank2 Name: | License Plate Prefix |
| Blank2 Info: | Chinese: 皖E |
| S: | 马鞍山 |
| P: | Mǎ'ānshān |
| Order: | st |
| L: | Horse Saddle Mountain |
Ma'anshan, also colloquially written as Maanshan, is a prefecture-level city in the eastern part of Anhui province in Eastern China. An industrial city stretching across the Yangtze River, Ma'anshan borders Hefei to the west, Wuhu to the southwest, and Nanjing to the east. It is a satellite city in the Nanjing metropolitan area and is also a city in the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone.
As of the 2020 census, Ma'anshan was home to 2,159,930 inhabitants, of whom 1,253,960 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Huashan and Yushan urban districts and Dangtu County, which is largely urbanized.
One can notice that Ma'anshan is now being conurbated with Nanjing making a combined built-up area of 8,419,252 inhabitants.After the August 2011 administrative re-regionalization of Anhui Province, its population rose to 2.16 million, as two additional counties (He and Hanshan) were placed under its administration.
The prefecture-level city of Ma'anshan administers 6 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 3 counties.
In September 2012, Jinjiazhuang District was dissolved and merged with Huashan District, while part of Dangtu County was split and established as Bowang District.
The name of the city means "Horse Saddle Mountain". According to legend, the name came to be when the Western Chu hegemon Xiang Yu was fleeing from the Battle of Gaixia. Rather than be captured, the defeated general killed himself at the area now known as Ma'anshan after ensuring that his beloved horse would be ferried across the river to safety. Upon seeing his master die, the grief-stricken horse leapt into the river and was drowned. As a tribute, the boatman buried the horse's saddle on a nearby hill, giving Ma'anshan its name.
Osmanthus fragrans is the city flower of Ma'anshan and is widely planted in Ma'anshan. The climate of Ma'anshan is more rainy and mild, suitable for the growth of sweet-scented osmanthus. Generally from mid-September to Chinese National Day, the sweet-scented osmanthus blooms.
Camphor tree is the city tree of Ma'anshan. Camphor trees are very popular among residents of Ma'anshan. Residents of Ma'anshan City often regard camphor trees as landscape trees and feng shui trees. Feng shui in China means warding off evil spirits, longevity and good luck.[3]
The south bank of the Yangtze River from Ma'anshan upstream for 240km (150miles), has long been a mining area. The coming of a railroad and the opening of the Huai-nan coalfield in the 1930s made it possible for the Japanese to open an iron and steel works in 1938. Although destroyed at the end of the Second World War, the industries were restored to production in 1953, and Ma'anshan grew rapidly under the Communists' first and second Five-Year Plans. Ma'anshan also has sulfur and limestone mines, and chemical and cement factories.In 1954, Ma'anshan was elevated to town level, and, in Oct. 12, 1956, Ma'anshan City was declared to be founded.
Surrounded by low hills (the name of the city means "horse saddle mountain"), Ma'anshan is not as polluted as other major Chinese steelmaking cities, thanks to the environmental policies taken by the local government that granted the city the recognition as one of the "Ten Green Cities of China."
Its climate is similar to other cities in the Yangtze River Delta, with lower humidity that makes its summers and winters less extreme. There are frequent showers during July and August.
(Chinese: 采石矶; Chinese: 采石磯), a famous ancient battlefield from the Jin–Song Wars lying to the southwest of the city, is regarded as the best of three rocks that project over the Yangtze River.[4] Taibai pavilion is one of four famous pavilions along the Yangtze river. Caishi scenic area is a national tourism spot, with a combination of natural and cultural attractions.
| Metric First: | y |
| Single Line: | y |
| Collapsed: | Y |
| Location: | Ma'anshan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) |
| Jan High C: | 7.6 |
| Feb High C: | 10.4 |
| Mar High C: | 15.4 |
| Apr High C: | 21.7 |
| May High C: | 26.8 |
| Jun High C: | 29.3 |
| Jul High C: | 32.6 |
| Aug High C: | 32.2 |
| Sep High C: | 28.1 |
| Oct High C: | 23.0 |
| Nov High C: | 16.7 |
| Dec High C: | 10.2 |
| Jan Mean C: | 3.5 |
| Feb Mean C: | 6.0 |
| Mar Mean C: | 10.5 |
| Apr Mean C: | 16.6 |
| May Mean C: | 21.9 |
| Jun Mean C: | 25.2 |
| Jul Mean C: | 28.6 |
| Aug Mean C: | 28.0 |
| Sep Mean C: | 23.7 |
| Oct Mean C: | 18.3 |
| Nov Mean C: | 12.0 |
| Dec Mean C: | 5.9 |
| Jan Low C: | 0.5 |
| Feb Low C: | 2.5 |
| Mar Low C: | 6.7 |
| Apr Low C: | 12.3 |
| May Low C: | 17.7 |
| Jun Low C: | 21.7 |
| Jul Low C: | 25.3 |
| Aug Low C: | 24.8 |
| Sep Low C: | 20.4 |
| Oct Low C: | 14.6 |
| Nov Low C: | 8.4 |
| Dec Low C: | 2.6 |
| Jan Record High C: | 20.5 |
| Jan Record Low C: | -10.5 |
| Feb Record High C: | 28.5 |
| Feb Record Low C: | -11.7 |
| Mar Record High C: | 29.5 |
| Mar Record Low C: | -4.0 |
| Apr Record High C: | 34.0 |
| Apr Record Low C: | 1.0 |
| May Record High C: | 36.2 |
| May Record Low C: | 7.4 |
| Jun Record High C: | 37.7 |
| Jun Record Low C: | 13.2 |
| Jul Record High C: | 39.9 |
| Jul Record Low C: | 18.9 |
| Aug Record High C: | 39.8 |
| Aug Record Low C: | 17.1 |
| Sep Record High C: | 37.9 |
| Sep Record Low C: | 12.1 |
| Oct Record High C: | 33.7 |
| Oct Record Low C: | 2.7 |
| Nov Record High C: | 29.0 |
| Nov Record Low C: | -5.0 |
| Dec Record High C: | 22.1 |
| Dec Record Low C: | -13.7 |
| Precipitation Colour: | green |
| Jan Precipitation Mm: | 55.1 |
| Feb Precipitation Mm: | 60.6 |
| Mar Precipitation Mm: | 89.2 |
| Apr Precipitation Mm: | 91.3 |
| May Precipitation Mm: | 90.1 |
| Jun Precipitation Mm: | 196.3 |
| Jul Precipitation Mm: | 193.6 |
| Aug Precipitation Mm: | 164.6 |
| Sep Precipitation Mm: | 69.3 |
| Oct Precipitation Mm: | 52.8 |
| Nov Precipitation Mm: | 55.5 |
| Dec Precipitation Mm: | 38.3 |
| Jan Humidity: | 73 |
| Feb Humidity: | 72 |
| Mar Humidity: | 70 |
| Apr Humidity: | 69 |
| May Humidity: | 70 |
| Jun Humidity: | 77 |
| Jul Humidity: | 78 |
| Aug Humidity: | 79 |
| Sep Humidity: | 77 |
| Oct Humidity: | 72 |
| Nov Humidity: | 72 |
| Dec Humidity: | 70 |
| Unit Precipitation Days: | 0.1 mm |
| Jan Precipitation Days: | 10.1 |
| Feb Precipitation Days: | 9.5 |
| Mar Precipitation Days: | 11.6 |
| Apr Precipitation Days: | 10.4 |
| May Precipitation Days: | 10.5 |
| Jun Precipitation Days: | 11.2 |
| Jul Precipitation Days: | 12.2 |
| Aug Precipitation Days: | 12.0 |
| Sep Precipitation Days: | 8.5 |
| Oct Precipitation Days: | 8.1 |
| Nov Precipitation Days: | 8.8 |
| Dec Precipitation Days: | 7.8 |
| Jan Sun: | 112.1 |
| Feb Sun: | 116.9 |
| Mar Sun: | 145.1 |
| Apr Sun: | 171.3 |
| May Sun: | 183.5 |
| Jun Sun: | 147.2 |
| Jul Sun: | 186.1 |
| Aug Sun: | 180.5 |
| Sep Sun: | 152.7 |
| Oct Sun: | 157.3 |
| Nov Sun: | 139.7 |
| Dec Sun: | 130.3 |
| Jan Percentsun: | 35 |
| Feb Percentsun: | 37 |
| Mar Percentsun: | 39 |
| Apr Percentsun: | 44 |
| May Percentsun: | 43 |
| Jun Percentsun: | 35 |
| Jul Percentsun: | 43 |
| Aug Percentsun: | 44 |
| Sep Percentsun: | 42 |
| Oct Percentsun: | 45 |
| Nov Percentsun: | 45 |
| Dec Percentsun: | 42 |
| Jan Snow Days: | 3.9 |
| Feb Snow Days: | 2.5 |
| Mar Snow Days: | 0.8 |
| Apr Snow Days: | 0.1 |
| May Snow Days: | 0 |
| Jun Snow Days: | 0 |
| Jul Snow Days: | 0 |
| Aug Snow Days: | 0 |
| Sep Snow Days: | 0 |
| Oct Snow Days: | 0 |
| Nov Snow Days: | 0.4 |
| Dec Snow Days: | 1.1 |
| Source 1: | China Meteorological Administration[5] [6] |
The main industry is the steel industry (MaGang) which employs much of the workforce of Ma'anshan. At present (2005) major expansions of the steel plant are underway to increase production drastically.With the advanced manufacturing infrastructure and fast transportation link, Ma'anshan has received much investment in many industries.
Ma'anshan city has an annual manufacture investment ranking No.1 in Anhui Province and her GDP ranks No.4 in Anhui Province after Hefei, Anqing and Wuhu. Ma'anshan's population ranks No.16 in the province and has a GDP per capita of US$7,118 which is No.1 in Anhui Province and near the average of Yangtze River Delta.
Maanshan has been identified by the Economist Intelligence Unit in the November 2010 Access China White Paper as a member of the CHAMPS (Chongqing, Hefei, Anshan, Ma'anshan, Pingdingshan and Shenyang), an economic profile of the top 20 emerging cities in China.[7]
The deep water river port of Ma'anshan, with custom offices ensures fast and inexpensive transportation to other cities both in the East coast, and the inner cities along the Yangtze River. Nanjing Lukou International Airport is 40km (30miles) from Ma'anshan, with direct flights to every corner of China and also daily flights to Europe. By road, Ma'anshan is connected with highways to Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Hefei and Wuhu.
The city has one Yangtze River crossing—the Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge, opened in 2013, enables direct road access to cities in northern Anhui.
, plans are underway to extend Nanjing Metro to Ma'anshan, the future Line S2 (Nanjing Metro) under review will connect Ma'anshan as well as the Dangtu County to the south with the city of Nanjing.
There is a memorial to the famous Chinese poet, Li Bai (a.k.a. Li Po c.700-762), just west of Ma'anshan. Li Bai is said to have drowned at Ma'anshan after attempting to embrace a reflection of the moon.
China's first poetry festival was held in Ma'anshan from October 25–30, 2005. The theme of the festival, sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, the Chinese Writers Association, and the Anhui provincial government, was "Poetic China, Harmonious China." The Ma'anshan Sports Centre Stadium, a 36,542-capacity venue, is located in the city. The football stadium opened in 2019.