CYREN (protein) explained

Cell cycle regulator of non-homologous end joining is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYREN gene.

It prevents classical non-homologous end joining, a method of repair of double-stranded DNA breaks.^[1] This protein is therefore important in regulating DNA repair.

When alternatively spliced, is predicted to produce three different micropeptides.^[2]

• MRI-1 was previously found to be a modulator of retrovirus infection.
• MRI-2 may be important in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) of DNA double strand breaks. In Co-Immunoprecipitation experiments, MRI-2 bound to Ku70 and Ku80, two subunits of Ku, which play a major role in the NHEJ pathway.
• MRI-3

Notes and References

1. Arnoult N, Correia A, Ma J, Merlo A, Garcia-Gomez S, Maric M, Tognetti M, Benner CW, Boulton SJ, Saghatelian A, Karlseder J. Jan Karlseder . Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice in S and G2 phases by the NHEJ inhibitor CYREN . Nature . 549 . 7673 . 548–552 . September 2017 . 28959974 . 10.1038/nature24023 . 5624508 . 2017Natur.549..548A .
2. Slavoff SA, Heo J, Budnik BA, Hanakahi LA, Saghatelian A . A human short open reading frame (sORF)-encoded polypeptide that stimulates DNA end joining . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 289 . 16 . 10950–7 . April 2014 . 24610814 . 10.1074/jbc.c113.533968 . 4036235 . free .