COX7A2 explained

Cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide 7A2, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the COX7A2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen.

This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of 3 catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially encoded subunits function in electron transfer, and the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene encodes polypeptide 2 (liver isoform) of subunit VIIa and the polypeptide 2 is present in both muscle and nonmuscle tissues.

In addition to polypeptide 2, subunit VIIa includes polypeptide 1 (muscle isoform), which is present only in muscle tissues, and a related protein, present in all tissues. This gene may have several pseudogenes.

Further reading

• Lenka N, Vijayasarathy C, Mullick J, Avadhani NG . Structural Organization and Transcription Regulation of Nuclear Genes Encoding the Mammalian Cytochrome c Oxidase Complex . Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. . 61 . 309–44 . 1998 . 9752724 . 10.1016/S0079-6603(08)60830-2 . Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology . 978-0-12-540061-9 . free .
• Van Kuilenburg AB, Van Beeumen JJ, Van der Meer NM, Muijsers AO . Subunits VIIa,b,c of human cytochrome c oxidase. Identification of both 'heart-type' and 'liver-type' isoforms of subunit VIIa in human heart . Eur. J. Biochem. . 203 . 1–2 . 193–9 . 1992 . 1309697 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb19847.x .
• Fabrizi GM, Rizzuto R, Nakase H . Sequence of a cDNA specifying subunit VIIa of human cytochrome c oxidase . Nucleic Acids Res. . 17 . 17 . 7107 . 1989 . 2550906 . 10.1093/nar/17.17.7107 . 318441 . etal.
• Taanman JW, Hall RE, Tang C . Tissue distribution of cytochrome c oxidase isoforms in mammals. Characterization with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1225 . 1 . 95–100 . 1993 . 8241294 . 10.1016/0925-4439(93)90128-n. etal.
• Merante F, Ling M, Duncan AM . Cloning, characterization, and chromosomal localization of human liver form cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa related genes . Genome . 40 . 3 . 325–31 . 1997 . 9202413 . 10.1139/g97-045 . etal.
• Hüttemann M, Mühlenbein N, Schmidt TR . Isolation and sequence of the human cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIaL gene . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1492 . 1 . 252–8 . 2000 . 11004498 . 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00087-7. etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . etal. free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Arnaudo E, Hirano M, Seelan RS, Milatovich A, Hsieh CL, Fabrizi GM, Grossman LI, Francke U, Schon EA . Tissue-specific expression and chromosome assignment of genes specifying two isoforms of subunit VIIa of human cytochrome c oxidase . Gene . 119 . 2 . 299–305 . Nov 1992 . 1327965 . 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90287-Y .
2. Merante F, Duncan AM, Mitchell G, Duff C, Rommens J, Robinson BH . Chromosomal localization of the human liver form cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIa gene . Genome . 40 . 3 . 318–24 . Aug 1997 . 9202412 . 10.1139/g97-044 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: COX7A2 cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIa polypeptide 2 (liver).