COPS4 explained

COP9 signalosome complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COPS4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes one of eight subunits composing COP9 signalosome, a highly conserved protein complex that functions as an important regulator in multiple signaling pathways. The structure and function of COP9 signalosome is similar to that of the 19S regulatory particle of 26S proteasome. COP9 signalosome has been shown to interact with SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligases and act as a positive regulator of E3 ubiquitin ligases.^[2]

Further reading

• Schwechheimer C, Deng XW . COP9 signalosome revisited: a novel mediator of protein degradation . Trends Cell Biol. . 11 . 10 . 420–426 . 2001 . 11567875 . 10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02091-8 .
• Wolf DA, Zhou C, Wee S . The COP9 signalosome: an assembly and maintenance platform for cullin ubiquitin ligases? . Nat. Cell Biol. . 5 . 12 . 1029–1033 . 2004 . 14647295 . 10.1038/ncb1203-1029 . 37458780 .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–174 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–156 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 . Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K . Maruyama K . Suyama . A . Sugano . S .
• Seeger M . A novel protein complex involved in signal transduction possessing similarities to 26S proteasome subunits . FASEB J. . 12 . 6 . 469–78 . 1998 . 9535219 . 10.1096/fasebj.12.6.469. Kraft R . Ferrell K . Bech-Otschir . D . Dumdey . R . Schade . R . Gordon . C . Naumann . M . Dubiel . W . free . 25424324 .
• Toward a complete human genome sequence . Genome Res. . 8 . 11 . 1097–108 . 1999 . 9847074 . 10.1101/gr.8.11.1097. free . Sanger Centre . The . Washington University Genome Sequencing Cente . The .
• Naumann M . COP9 signalosome-directed c-Jun activation/stabilization is independent of JNK . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 50 . 35297–35300 . 2000 . 10585392 . 10.1074/jbc.274.50.35297 . Bech-Otschir D . Huang X . Ferrell . K . Dubiel . W . 27417298 . free.
• Cohen H . Interaction between Interferon Consensus Sequence-binding protein and COP9/signalosome subunit CSN2 (Trip15). A possible link between interferon regulatory factor signaling and the COP9/signalosome . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 50 . 39081–39089 . 2001 . 10991940 . 10.1074/jbc.M004900200 . Azriel A . Cohen T . Meraro . D . Hashmueli . S . Bech-Otschir . D . Kraft . R . Dubiel . W . Levi . BZ . free .
• Tsuge T, Matsui M, Wei N . The subunit 1 of the COP9 signalosome suppresses gene expression through its N-terminal domain and incorporates into the complex through the PCI domain . J. Mol. Biol. . 305 . 1 . 1–9 . 2001 . 11114242 . 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4288 .
• Bech-Otschir D . COP9 signalosome-specific phosphorylation targets p53 to degradation by the ubiquitin system . EMBO J. . 20 . 7 . 1630–1639 . 2001 . 11285227 . 10.1093/emboj/20.7.1630 . 145508 . Kraft R . Huang X . Henklein . P . Kapelari . B . Pollmann . C . Dubiel . W .
• Lyapina S . Promotion of NEDD-CUL1 conjugate cleavage by COP9 signalosome . Science . 292 . 5520 . 1382–1385 . 2001 . 11337588 . 10.1126/science.1059780 . Cope G . Shevchenko A . Serino . G . Tsuge . T . Zhou . C . Wolf . DA . Wei . N . Shevchenko . A . 2001Sci...292.1382L . 14224920 .
• Peyrl A . Aberrant expression of signaling-related proteins 14-3-3 gamma and RACK1 in fetal Down syndrome brain (trisomy 21) . Electrophoresis . 23 . 1 . 152–7 . 2003 . 11824616 . 10.1002/1522-2683(200201)23:1<152::AID-ELPS152>3.0.CO;2-T . Weitzdoerfer R . Gulesserian T . Fountoulakis . Michael . Lubec . Gert . 12931652 .
• Hoareau Alves K, Bochard V, Réty S, Jalinot P . Association of the mammalian proto-oncoprotein Int-6 with the three protein complexes eIF3, COP9 signalosome and 26S proteasome . FEBS Lett. . 527 . 1–3 . 15–21 . 2002 . 12220626 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03147-2 . 39308598 . free .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–16903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . Feingold EA . Grouse LH . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Serino G . Characterization of the last subunit of the Arabidopsis COP9 signalosome: implications for the overall structure and origin of the complex . Plant Cell . 15 . 3 . 719–731 . 2003 . 12615944 . 10.1105/tpc.009092 . 150025 . Su H . Peng Z . Tsuge . T . Wei . N . Gu . H . Deng . XW .
• Uhle S . Protein kinase CK2 and protein kinase D are associated with the COP9 signalosome . EMBO J. . 22 . 6 . 1302–1312 . 2003 . 12628923 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg127 . 151059 . Medalia O . Waldron R . Dumdey . R . Henklein . P . Bech-Otschir . D . Huang . X . Berse . M . Sperling . J .
• Groisman R . The ubiquitin ligase activity in the DDB2 and CSA complexes is differentially regulated by the COP9 signalosome in response to DNA damage . Cell . 113 . 3 . 357–367 . 2003 . 12732143 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00316-7 . Polanowska J . Kuraoka I . Sawada . Jun-Ichi . Saijo . Masafumi . Drapkin . Ronny . Kisselev . Alexei F. . Tanaka . Kiyoji . Nakatani . Yoshihiro . 11639677 . free .

Notes and References

1. Wei N, Tsuge T, Serino G, Dohmae N, Takio K, Matsui M, Deng XW . The COP9 complex is conserved between plants and mammals and is related to the 26S proteasome regulatory complex . Curr Biol . 8 . 16 . 919–924 . Oct 1998 . 9707402 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(07)00372-7 . 13873982 . free . 1998CBio....8..919W .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: COPS4 COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 4 (Arabidopsis).