Collagen, type IV, alpha 2 explained

Collagen alpha-2(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This gene encodes one of the six subunits of type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The C-terminal portion of the protein, known as canstatin, is an inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth. Like the other members of the type IV collagen gene family, this gene is organized in a head-to-head conformation with another type IV collagen gene so that each gene pair shares a common promoter.^[3]

Further reading

• Hinek A . Nature and the multiple functions of the 67-kD elastin-/laminin binding protein. . Cell Adhes. Commun. . 2 . 3 . 185–93 . 1995 . 7827955 . 10.3109/15419069409004436 .
• Ständer M, Naumann U, Wick W, Weller M . Transforming growth factor-beta and p-21: multiple molecular targets of decorin-mediated suppression of neoplastic growth. . Cell Tissue Res. . 296 . 2 . 221–7 . 1999 . 10382266 . 10.1007/s004410051283 . 20282995 .
• Kurpakus Wheater M, Kernacki KA, Hazlett LD . Corneal cell proteins and ocular surface pathology. . Biotechnic & Histochemistry . 74 . 3 . 146–59 . 1999 . 10416788 . 10.3109/10520299909047967.
• Kalluri R, Sukhatme VP . Fibrosis and angiogenesis. . Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. . 9 . 4 . 413–8 . 2000 . 10926178 . 10.1097/00041552-200007000-00013 .
• Ghebrehiwet B, Peerschke EI, Hong Y . Short amino acid sequences derived from C1q receptor (C1q-R) show homology with the alpha chains of fibronectin and vitronectin receptors and collagen type IV. . J. Leukoc. Biol. . 51 . 6 . 546–56 . 1992 . 1377218 . 10.1002/jlb.51.6.546. 1214598 . etal.
• Gupta S, Batchu RB, Datta K . Purification, partial characterization of rat kidney hyaluronic acid binding protein and its localization on the cell surface. . Eur. J. Cell Biol. . 56 . 1 . 58–67 . 1992 . 1724753 .
• Paralkar VM, Nandedkar AK, Pointer RH . Interaction of osteogenin, a heparin binding bone morphogenetic protein, with type IV collagen. . J. Biol. Chem. . 265 . 28 . 17281–4 . 1990 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44900-3 . 2211625 . etal. free .
• Hernandez MR, Igoe F, Neufeld AH . Extracellular matrix of the human optic nerve head. . Am. J. Ophthalmol. . 102 . 2 . 139–48 . 1986 . 2426947 . 10.1016/0002-9394(86)90134-0 .
• Siebold B, Deutzmann R, Kühn K . The arrangement of intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds in the carboxyterminal, non-collagenous aggregation and cross-linking domain of basement-membrane type IV collagen. . Eur. J. Biochem. . 176 . 3 . 617–24 . 1988 . 2844531 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14321.x .
• Pöschl E, Pollner R, Kühn K . The genes for the alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) chains of human basement membrane collagen type IV are arranged head-to-head and separated by a bidirectional promoter of unique structure. . EMBO J. . 7 . 9 . 2687–95 . 1988 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03122.x . 2846280 . 457057 .
• Murata K, Motayama T, Kotake C . Collagen types in various layers of the human aorta and their changes with the atherosclerotic process. . Atherosclerosis . 60 . 3 . 251–62 . 1986 . 3089234 . 10.1016/0021-9150(86)90172-3 .
• Soininen R, Huotari M, Hostikka SL . The structural genes for alpha 1 and alpha 2 chains of human type IV collagen are divergently encoded on opposite DNA strands and have an overlapping promoter region. . J. Biol. Chem. . 263 . 33 . 17217–20 . 1988 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)77818-1 . 3182844 . etal. free .
• Hostikka SL, Tryggvason K . The complete primary structure of the alpha 2 chain of human type IV collagen and comparison with the alpha 1(IV) chain. . J. Biol. Chem. . 263 . 36 . 19488–93 . 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)77660-1 . 3198637 . free .
• Brazel D, Pollner R, Oberbäumer I, Kühn K . Human basement membrane collagen (type IV). The amino acid sequence of the alpha 2(IV) chain and its comparison with the alpha 1(IV) chain reveals deletions in the alpha 1(IV) chain. . Eur. J. Biochem. . 172 . 1 . 35–42 . 1988 . 3345760 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13852.x .
• Hostikka SL, Kurkinen M, Tryggvason K . Nucleotide sequence coding for the human type IV collagen alpha 2 chain cDNA reveals extensive homology with the NC-1 domain of alpha 1 (IV) but not with the collagenous domain or 3'-untranslated region. . FEBS Lett. . 216 . 2 . 281–6 . 1987 . 3582677 . 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80706-8 . free .
• Killen PD, Francomano CA, Yamada Y . Partial structure of the human alpha 2(IV) collagen chain and chromosomal localization of the gene (COL4A2). . Hum. Genet. . 77 . 4 . 318–24 . 1988 . 3692475 . 10.1007/BF00291418 . 11387376 . etal.
• Glant TT, Hadházy C, Mikecz K, Sipos A . Appearance and persistence of fibronectin in cartilage. Specific interaction of fibronectin with collagen type II. . Histochemistry . 82 . 2 . 149–58 . 1985 . 3997552 . 10.1007/bf00708199. 19401258 .
• Uscanga L, Kennedy RH, Stocker S . Immunolocalization of collagen types, laminin and fibronectin in the normal human pancreas. . Digestion . 30 . 3 . 158–64 . 1984 . 6389236 . 10.1159/000199100 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Myers JC, Howard PS, Jelen AM, Dion AS, Macarak EJ . Duplication of type IV collagen COOH-terminal repeats and species-specific expression of alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) collagen genes . J Biol Chem . 262 . 19 . 9231–8 . Aug 1987 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)48071-4 . 2439508 . free .
2. Griffin CA, Emanuel BS, Hansen JR, Cavenee WK, Myers JC . Human collagen genes encoding basement membrane alpha 1 (IV) and alpha 2 (IV) chains map to the distal long arm of chromosome 13 . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 84 . 2 . 512–6 . Feb 1987 . 3025878 . 304239 . 10.1073/pnas.84.2.512 . free . 1987PNAS...84..512G .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: COL4A2 collagen, type IV, alpha 2.