Carboxylesterase 3 Explained

Carboxylesterase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES3 gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Function

Carboxylesterase 3 is a member of a large multigene family. The enzymes encoded by these genes are responsible for the hydrolysis of ester- and amide-bond-containing drugs such as cocaine and heroin. They also hydrolyze long-chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. The specific function of this enzyme has not yet been determined; however, it is speculated that carboxylesterases may play a role in lipid metabolism and/or the blood–brain barrier system.^[4]

Further reading

• Lee CV, Hymowitz SG, Wallweber HJ . Synthetic anti-BR3 antibodies that mimic BAFF binding and target both human and murine B cells. . Blood . 108 . 9 . 3103–11 . 2006 . 16840730 . 10.1182/blood-2006-03-011031. etal. free .
• Hassel S, Eichner A, Yakymovych M . Proteins associated with type II bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-II) and identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. . Proteomics . 4 . 5 . 1346–58 . 2004 . 15188402 . 10.1002/pmic.200300770. 6773754 . etal.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . etal. free .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 403697 . 10.1101/gr.1293003. etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 139241 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899. 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW . The sequence of the human genome. . Science . 291 . 5507 . 1304–51 . 2001 . 11181995 . 10.1126/science.1058040. 2001Sci...291.1304V . etal. free .
• Aida K, Moore R, Negishi M . Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a novel, male-predominant carboxylesterase in mouse liver. . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1174 . 1 . 72–4 . 1993 . 7916639 . 10.1016/0167-4781(93)90093-s.

Notes and References

1. Mori M, Hosokawa M, Ogasawara Y, Tsukada E, Chiba K . cDNA cloning, characterization and stable expression of novel human brain carboxylesterase . FEBS Lett . 458 . 1 . 17–22 . Oct 1999 . 10518925 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01111-4. 5792413 . free .
2. Sanghani SP, Quinney SK, Fredenburg TB, Sun Z, Davis WI, Murry DJ, Cummings OW, Seitz DE, Bosron WF . Carboxylesterases expressed in human colon tumor tissue and their role in CPT-11 hydrolysis . Clin Cancer Res . 9 . 13 . 4983–91 . Oct 2003 . 14581373 .
3. Sanghani SP, Quinney SK, Fredenburg TB, Davis WI, Murry DJ, Bosron WF . Hydrolysis of irinotecan and its oxidative metabolites, 7-ethyl-10-[4-N-(5-aminopentanoic acid)-1-piperidino] carbonyloxycamptothecin and 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-amino]-carbonyloxycamptothecin, by human carboxylesterases CES1A1, CES2, and a newly expressed carboxylesterase isoenzyme, CES3 . Drug Metab Dispos . 32 . 5 . 505–11 . Apr 2004 . 15100172 . 10.1124/dmd.32.5.505 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: CES3 carboxylesterase 3 (brain).