CDY1 explained

Testis-specific chromodomain protein Y 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDY1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes a protein containing a chromodomain and a histone acetyltransferase catalytic domain. Chromodomain proteins are components of heterochromatin-like complexes and can act as gene repressors. This protein is localized to the nucleus of late spermatids where histone hyperacetylation takes place. Histone hyperacetylation is thought to facilitate the transition in which protamines replace histones as the major DNA-packaging protein. The human chromosome Y has two identical copies of this gene within a palindromic region; this record represents the more telomeric copy. Chromosome Y also contains a pair of closely related genes in another more telomeric palindrome as well as several related pseudogenes. Two protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length nature has not been determined.^[2] The gene is thought to be related to high-altitude adaptation in humans.^[3]

Further reading

• Jones DO, Cowell IG, Singh PB . Mammalian chromodomain proteins: their role in genome organisation and expression. . BioEssays . 22 . 2 . 124–37 . 2000 . 10655032 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200002)22:2<124::AID-BIES4>3.0.CO;2-E . 10.1.1.575.6410 .
• Yen PH . A long-range restriction map of deletion interval 6 of the human Y chromosome: a region frequently deleted in azoospermic males. . Genomics . 54 . 1 . 5–12 . 1999 . 9806824 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5526 .
• Lahn BT, Page DC . Retroposition of autosomal mRNA yielded testis-specific gene family on human Y chromosome. . Nat. Genet. . 21 . 4 . 429–33 . 1999 . 10192397 . 10.1038/7771 . 8345990 .
• Saut N, Terriou P, Navarro A . The human Y chromosome genes BPY2, CDY1 and DAZ are not essential for sustained fertility. . Mol. Hum. Reprod. . 6 . 9 . 789–93 . 2000 . 10956550 . 10.1093/molehr/6.9.789 . etal. free .
• Kleiman SE, Lagziel A, Yogev L . Expression of CDY1 may identify complete spermatogenesis. . Fertil. Steril. . 75 . 1 . 166–73 . 2001 . 11163833 . 10.1016/S0015-0282(00)01639-3 . etal. free .
• Ferlin A, Moro E, Rossi A, Foresta C . CDY1 analysis in infertile patients with DAZ deletions. . J. Endocrinol. Invest. . 24 . 2 . RC4–6 . 2001 . 11263480 . 10.1007/bf03343814. 22500357 .
• Lahn BT, Tang ZL, Zhou J . Previously uncharacterized histone acetyltransferases implicated in mammalian spermatogenesis. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 13 . 8707–12 . 2002 . 12072557 . 10.1073/pnas.082248899 . 124363 . etal. 2002PNAS...99.8707L . free .
• Kostova E, Röttger S, Schempp W, Gromoll J . Identification and characterization of the cynomolgus monkey chromodomain gene cynCDY, an orthologue of the human CDY gene family. . Mol. Hum. Reprod. . 8 . 8 . 702–9 . 2003 . 12149400 . 10.1093/molehr/8.8.702 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . etal. 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Skaletsky H, Kuroda-Kawaguchi T, Minx PJ . The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. . Nature . 423 . 6942 . 825–37 . 2003 . 12815422 . 10.1038/nature01722 . etal. 2003Natur.423..825S . free .
• Dorus S, Gilbert SL, Forster ML . The CDY-related gene family: coordinated evolution in copy number, expression profile and protein sequence. . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 12 . 14 . 1643–50 . 2003 . 12837688 . 10.1093/hmg/ddg185 . etal. free .
• Kleiman SE, Yogev L, Hauser R . Members of the CDY family have different expression patterns: CDY1 transcripts have the best correlation with complete spermatogenesis. . Hum. Genet. . 113 . 6 . 486–92 . 2003 . 14569460 . 10.1007/s00439-003-0990-9 . 43221279 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Lahn BT, Page DC . Functional coherence of the human Y chromosome . Science . 278 . 5338 . 675–80 . Nov 1997 . 9381176 . 10.1126/science.278.5338.675 . 1997Sci...278..675L .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: CDY1 chromodomain protein, Y-linked, 1.
3. Zhang YB, Li X, Zhang F, Wang DM, Yu J. 2012 . A preliminary study of copy number variation in Tibetans . PLOS ONE . 7. 7. e41768. 22844521. 3402393 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0041768. 2012PLoSO...741768Z . free .