CDH4 explained

Cadherin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH4 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This gene is a classical cadherin from the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is a calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein composed of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Based on studies in chicken and mouse, this cadherin is thought to play an important role during brain segmentation and neuronal outgrowth. In addition, a role in kidney and muscle development is indicated. Of particular interest are studies showing stable cis-heterodimers of cadherins 2 and 4 in cotransfected cell lines. Previously thought to interact in an exclusively homophilic manner, this is the first evidence of cadherin heterodimerization.

Interactions

Cadherin-4 has been shown to interact with:

• PTPmu^[4]

Further reading

• Tagliarini F . [Relations between social defense and criminological trends from the 1930s until today] . Quaderni di Criminologia Clinica . 18 . 3 . 289–352 . 1977 . 798233 .
• Suzuki S, Sano K, Tanihara H . Diversity of the cadherin family: evidence for eight new cadherins in nervous tissue. . Cell Regul. . 2 . 4 . 261–70 . 1991 . 2059658 . 10.1091/mbc.2.4.261. 361775 .
• Tanihara H, Sano K, Heimark RL . Cloning of five human cadherins clarifies characteristic features of cadherin extracellular domain and provides further evidence for two structurally different types of cadherin. . Cell Adhes. Commun. . 2 . 1 . 15–26 . 1995 . 7982033 . 10.3109/15419069409014199 . etal.
• Shan WS, Tanaka H, Phillips GR . Functional cis-heterodimers of N- and R-cadherins. . J. Cell Biol. . 148 . 3 . 579–90 . 2000 . 10662782 . 10.1083/jcb.148.3.579 . 2174798 . etal.
• Lecanda F, Cheng SL, Shin CS . Differential regulation of cadherins by dexamethasone in human osteoblastic cells. . J. Cell. Biochem. . 77 . 3 . 499–506 . 2000 . 10760957 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(20000601)77:3<499::AID-JCB14>3.0.CO;2-0 . 13331343 . etal.
• Kitagawa M, Natori M, Murase S . Mutation analysis of cadherin-4 reveals amino acid residues of EC1 important for the structure and function. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 271 . 2 . 358–63 . 2000 . 10799302 . 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2636 . etal.
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J . The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. . Nature . 414 . 6866 . 865–71 . 2002 . 11780052 . 10.1038/414865a . 2001Natur.414..865D . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . etal. free .
• Johnson E, Theisen CS, Johnson KR, Wheelock MJ . R-cadherin influences cell motility via Rho family GTPases. . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 30 . 31041–9 . 2004 . 15143071 . 10.1074/jbc.M400024200 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.
• Miotto E, Sabbioni S, Veronese A . Frequent aberrant methylation of the CDH4 gene promoter in human colorectal and gastric cancer. . Cancer Res. . 64 . 22 . 8156–9 . 2005 . 15548679 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3000 . etal. free .
• Maeda M, Johnson E, Mandal SH . Expression of inappropriate cadherins by epithelial tumor cells promotes endocytosis and degradation of E-cadherin via competition for p120(ctn). . Oncogene . 25 . 33 . 4595–604 . 2006 . 16786001 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1209396 . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Chalmers IJ, Hofler H, Atkinson MJ . Mapping of a cadherin gene cluster to a region of chromosome 5 subject to frequent allelic loss in carcinoma . Genomics . 57 . 1 . 160–3 . Jun 1999 . 10191097 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5717 .
2. Kools P, Vanhalst K, van Roy F . Assignment of cadherin-4 (R-cadherin, CDH4) to human chromosome band 20q13.3 . Cytogenet Cell Genet . 86 . 1 . 26–7 . Oct 1999 . 10516427 . 10.1159/000015423 . 27578498 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: CDH4 cadherin 4, type 1, R-cadherin (retinal).
4. Brady-Kalnay SM, Mourton T, Nixon JP, Pietz GE, Kinch M, Chen H. Dynamic interaction of PTPmu with multiple cadherins in vivo. . J Cell Biol . 1998 . 141 . 1 . 287–96 . 9531566 . 10.1083/jcb.141.1.287. 2132733 . etal.