CDC42BPA explained

Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDC42BPA gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family. This kinase contains multiple functional domains. Its kinase domain is highly similar to that of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK). This kinase also contains a Rac interactive binding (CRIB) domain, and has been shown to bind CDC42. It may function as a CDC42 downstream effector mediating CDC42 induced peripheral actin formation, and promoting cytoskeletal reorganization. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, and the full-length nature of two of them has been reported.^[1]

Further reading

• Zhao Y, Loyer P, Li H . Cloning and chromosomal location of a novel member of the myotonic dystrophy family of protein kinases. . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 15 . 10013–20 . 1997 . 9092543 . 10.1074/jbc.272.15.10013 . etal. free .
• Leung T, Chen XQ, Tan I . Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase acts as a Cdc42 effector in promoting cytoskeletal reorganization. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 1 . 130–40 . 1998 . 9418861 . 10.1128/mcb.18.1.130. 121465 . etal.
• Seki N, Ohira M, Nagase T . Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain. . DNA Res. . 4 . 5 . 345–9 . 1998 . 9455484 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.345 . etal. free .
• Moncrieff CL, Bailey ME, Morrison N, Johnson KJ . Cloning and chromosomal localization of human Cdc42-binding protein kinase beta. . Genomics . 57 . 2 . 297–300 . 1999 . 10198171 . 10.1006/geno.1999.5769 .
• Edwards DC, Sanders LC, Bokoch GM, Gill GN . Activation of LIM-kinase by Pak1 couples Rac/Cdc42 GTPase signalling to actin cytoskeletal dynamics. . Nat. Cell Biol. . 1 . 5 . 253–9 . 1999 . 10559936 . 10.1038/12963 . 25250183 .
• Ohashi K, Nagata K, Maekawa M . Rho-associated kinase ROCK activates LIM-kinase 1 by phosphorylation at threonine 508 within the activation loop. . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 5 . 3577–82 . 2000 . 10652353 . 10.1074/jbc.275.5.3577 . etal. free .
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S . Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 97 . 7 . 3491–6 . 2000 . 10737800 . 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 . 16267 . 2000PNAS...97.3491D . etal. free .
• Nakamura N, Oshiro N, Fukata Y . Phosphorylation of ERM proteins at filopodia induced by Cdc42. . Genes Cells . 5 . 7 . 571–81 . 2000 . 10947843 . 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00348.x . 10022990 . etal. free .
• Lam LT, Pham YC, Nguyen TM, Morris GE . Characterization of a monoclonal antibody panel shows that the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase, DMPK, is expressed almost exclusively in muscle and heart. . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 9 . 14 . 2167–73 . 2000 . 10958655 . 10.1093/hmg/9.14.2167 . free .
• Tan I, Seow KT, Lim L, Leung T . Intermolecular and intramolecular interactions regulate catalytic activity of myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 21 . 8 . 2767–78 . 2001 . 11283256 . 10.1128/MCB.21.8.2767-2778.2001 . 86907 .
• Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Shibuya A, Nakamura T . Activation of LIM kinases by myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 25 . 23092–6 . 2001 . 11340065 . 10.1074/jbc.C100196200 . free .
• Lemercier C, Brocard MP, Puvion-Dutilleul F . Class II histone deacetylases are directly recruited by BCL6 transcriptional repressor. . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 24 . 22045–52 . 2002 . 11929873 . 10.1074/jbc.M201736200 . etal. free .
• Dong JM, Leung T, Manser E, Lim L . Cdc42 antagonizes inductive action of cAMP on cell shape, via effects of the myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase (MRCK) on myosin light chain phosphorylation. . Eur. J. Cell Biol. . 81 . 4 . 231–42 . 2003 . 12018391 . 10.1078/0171-9335-00238 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Tan I, Cheong A, Lim L, Leung T . Genomic organization of human myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha reveals multiple alternative splicing and functional diversity. . Gene . 304 . 107–15 . 2003 . 12568720 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01185-X .
• Wilkinson S, Paterson HF, Marshall CJ . Cdc42-MRCK and Rho-ROCK signalling cooperate in myosin phosphorylation and cell invasion. . Nat. Cell Biol. . 7 . 3 . 255–61 . 2005 . 15723050 . 10.1038/ncb1230 . 34732713 .
• Cmejla R, Petrak J, Cmejlova J . A novel iron responsive element in the 3'UTR of human MRCKalpha. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 341 . 1 . 158–66 . 2006 . 16412980 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.155 .
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE . The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. . Nature . 441 . 7091 . 315–21 . 2006 . 16710414 . 10.1038/nature04727 . 2006Natur.441..315G . etal. free .
• Lefort K, Mandinova A, Ostano P . Notch1 is a p53 target gene involved in human keratinocyte tumor suppression through negative regulation of ROCK1/2 and MRCKalpha kinases. . Genes Dev. . 21 . 5 . 562–77 . 2007 . 17344417 . 10.1101/gad.1484707 . 1820898 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: CDC42BPA CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha (DMPK-like).