CDC2L1 explained

PITSLRE serine/threonine-protein kinase CDC2L1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK11B gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This gene encodes a member of the p34Cdc2 protein kinase family. p34Cdc2 kinase family members are known to be essential for eukaryotic cell cycle control. This gene is in close proximity to CDC2L2, a nearly identical gene in the same chromosomal region. The gene loci including this gene, CDC2L2, as well as metalloprotease MMP21/22, consist of two identical, tandemly linked genomic regions which are thought to be a part of the larger region that has been duplicated. This gene and CDC2L2 were shown to be deleted or altered frequently in neuroblastoma with amplified MYCN genes. The protein kinase encoded by this gene could be cleaved by caspases and was demonstrated to play roles in cell apoptosis. Several alternatively spliced variants of this gene have been reported.

Interactions

CDC2L1 has been shown to interact with Cyclin D3.^[4]

Further reading

• Eipers PG, Lahti JM, Kidd VJ . Structure and expression of the human p58clk-1 protein kinase chromosomal gene . Genomics . 13 . 3 . 613–21 . 1992 . 1639388 . 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90132-C .
• Bunnell BA, Heath LS, Adams DE . Increased expression of a 58-kDa protein kinase leads to changes in the CHO cell cycle . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 87 . 19 . 7467–71 . 1990 . 2217177 . 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7467 . 54768 . etal. 1990PNAS...87.7467B. free .
• White PS, Maris JM, Beltinger C . A region of consistent deletion in neuroblastoma maps within human chromosome 1p36.2-36.3 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 92 . 12 . 5520–4 . 1995 . 7777541 . 10.1073/pnas.92.12.5520 . 41727 . etal. 1995PNAS...92.5520W. free .
• Lahti JM, Valentine M, Xiang J . Alterations in the PITSLRE protein kinase gene complex on chromosome 1p36 in childhood neuroblastoma . Nat. Genet. . 7 . 3 . 370–5 . 1994 . 7920654 . 10.1038/ng0794-370 . 2065302 . etal.
• Xiang J, Lahti JM, Grenet J . Molecular cloning and expression of alternatively spliced PITSLRE protein kinase isoforms . J. Biol. Chem. . 269 . 22 . 15786–94 . 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)40749-6 . 8195233 . etal. free .
• Beyaert R, Kidd VJ, Cornelis S . Cleavage of PITSLRE kinases by ICE/CASP-1 and CPP32/CASP-3 during apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 18 . 11694–7 . 1997 . 9115219 . 10.1074/jbc.272.18.11694 . etal. free .
• Loyer P, Trembley JH, Lahti JM, Kidd VJ . The RNP protein, RNPS1, associates with specific isoforms of the p34cdc2-related PITSLRE protein kinase in vivo . J. Cell Sci. . 111 . 11. 1495–506 . 1998 . 10.1242/jcs.111.11.1495 . 9580558 .
• Tang D, Gururajan R, Kidd VJ . Phosphorylation of PITSLRE p110 isoforms accompanies their processing by caspases during Fas-mediated cell death . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 26 . 16601–7 . 1998 . 9632733 . 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16601 . free .
• Gururajan R, Lahti JM, Grenet J . Duplication of a genomic region containing the Cdc2L1-2 and MMP21-22 genes on human chromosome 1p36.3 and their linkage to D1Z2 . Genome Res. . 8 . 9 . 929–39 . 1998 . 9750192 . 10.1101/gr.8.9.929. 310781 . etal.
• Cornelis S, Bruynooghe Y, Denecker G . Identification and characterization of a novel cell cycle-regulated internal ribosome entry site . Mol. Cell . 5 . 4 . 597–605 . 2000 . 10882096 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80239-7 . etal. free .
• Trembley JH, Hu D, Hsu LC . PITSLRE p110 protein kinases associate with transcription complexes and affect their activity . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 4 . 2589–96 . 2002 . 11709559 . 10.1074/jbc.M109755200 . etal. free .
• Zhang S, Cai M, Zhang S . Interaction of p58(PITSLRE), a G2/M-specific protein kinase, with cyclin D3 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 38 . 35314–22 . 2002 . 12082095 . 10.1074/jbc.M202179200 . etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . etal. 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Hu D, Mayeda A, Trembley JH . CDK11 complexes promote pre-mRNA splicing . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 10 . 8623–9 . 2003 . 12501247 . 10.1074/jbc.M210057200 . etal. free .
• Chen S, Yin X, Zhu X . The C-terminal kinase domain of the p34cdc2-related PITSLRE protein kinase (p110C) associates with p21-activated kinase 1 and inhibits its activity during anoikis . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 22 . 20029–36 . 2003 . 12624090 . 10.1074/jbc.M300818200 . etal. free .
• de Graaf K, Hekerman P, Spelten O . Characterization of cyclin L2, a novel cyclin with an arginine/serine-rich domain: phosphorylation by DYRK1A and colocalization with splicing factors . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 6 . 4612–24 . 2004 . 14623875 . 10.1074/jbc.M310794200 . etal. free .
• Sachs NA, Vaillancourt RR . Cyclin-dependent kinase 11p110 and casein kinase 2 (CK2) inhibit the interaction between tyrosine hydroxylase and 14-3-3 . J. Neurochem. . 88 . 1 . 51–62 . 2004 . 14675149 . 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02119.x . free .

Notes and References

1. Eipers PG, Barnoski BL, Han J, Carroll AJ, Kidd VJ . Localization of the expressed human p58 protein kinase chromosomal gene to chromosome 1p36 and a highly related sequence to chromosome 15 . Genomics . 11 . 3 . 621–9 . Mar 1992 . 1774066 . 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90069-Q .
2. Mikolajczyk M, Shi J, Vaillancourt RR, Sachs NA, Nelson M . The cyclin-dependent kinase 11(p46) isoform interacts with RanBPM . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 310 . 1 . 14–8 . Sep 2003 . 14511641 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.116 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: CDC2L1 cell division cycle 2-like 1 (PITSLRE proteins).
4. Zhang . Songwen . Cai Mingmei . Zhang Si . Xu Songli . Chen She . Chen Xiaoning . Chen Chun . Gu Jianxin . Sep 2002 . Interaction of p58(PITSLRE), a G2/M-specific protein kinase, with cyclin D3 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 38 . 35314–22 . 0021-9258. 12082095 . 10.1074/jbc.M202179200 . free .