LILRB1 explained

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). The receptor is expressed on immune cells where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[3]

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . Jan 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Hirohashi N, Nakao M, Kubo K, Yamada A, Shichijo S, Hara A, Sagawa K, Itoh K . A novel antigen (H47 Ag) on human lymphocytes involved in T cell activation . Cellular Immunology . 152 . 2 . 371–82 . Dec 1993 . 8258145 . 10.1006/cimm.1993.1298 .
• Samaridis J, Colonna M . Cloning of novel immunoglobulin superfamily receptors expressed on human myeloid and lymphoid cells: structural evidence for new stimulatory and inhibitory pathways . European Journal of Immunology . 27 . 3 . 660–5 . Mar 1997 . 9079806 . 10.1002/eji.1830270313 . 2212182 . free .
• Wagtmann N, Rojo S, Eichler E, Mohrenweiser H, Long EO . A new human gene complex encoding the killer cell inhibitory receptors and related monocyte/macrophage receptors . Current Biology . 7 . 8 . 615–8 . Aug 1997 . 9259559 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00263-6 . 14484039 . free . 1997CBio....7..615W .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . Oct 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Fanger NA, Cosman D, Peterson L, Braddy SC, Maliszewski CR, Borges L . The MHC class I binding proteins LIR-1 and LIR-2 inhibit Fc receptor-mediated signaling in monocytes . European Journal of Immunology . 28 . 11 . 3423–34 . Nov 1998 . 9842885 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3423::AID-IMMU3423>3.0.CO;2-2 . free .
• Navarro F, Llano M, Bellón T, Colonna M, Geraghty DE, López-Botet M . The ILT2(LIR1) and CD94/NKG2A NK cell receptors respectively recognize HLA-G1 and HLA-E molecules co-expressed on target cells . European Journal of Immunology . 29 . 1 . 277–83 . Jan 1999 . 9933109 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199901)29:01<277::AID-IMMU277>3.0.CO;2-4 . free .
• Chapman TL, Heikeman AP, Bjorkman PJ . The inhibitory receptor LIR-1 uses a common binding interaction to recognize class I MHC molecules and the viral homolog UL18 . Immunity . 11 . 5 . 603–13 . Nov 1999 . 10591185 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80135-1 . free .
• Liu WR, Kim J, Nwankwo C, Ashworth LK, Arm JP . Genomic organization of the human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors within the leukocyte receptor complex on chromosome 19q13.4 . Immunogenetics . 51 . 8–9 . 659–69 . Jul 2000 . 10941837 . 10.1007/s002510000183 . 23687483 .
• Chapman TL, Heikema AP, West AP, Bjorkman PJ . Crystal structure and ligand binding properties of the D1D2 region of the inhibitory receptor LIR-1 (ILT2) . Immunity . 13 . 5 . 727–36 . Nov 2000 . 11114384 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)00071-6 . free .
• Lepin EJ, Bastin JM, Allan DS, Roncador G, Braud VM, Mason DY, van der Merwe PA, McMichael AJ, Bell JI, Powis SH, O'Callaghan CA . Functional characterization of HLA-F and binding of HLA-F tetramers to ILT2 and ILT4 receptors . European Journal of Immunology . 30 . 12 . 3552–61 . Dec 2000 . 11169396 . 10.1002/1521-4141(200012)30:12<3552::AID-IMMU3552>3.0.CO;2-L . 42462661 . free .
• Young NT, Canavez F, Uhrberg M, Shum BP, Parham P . Conserved organization of the ILT/LIR gene family within the polymorphic human leukocyte receptor complex . Immunogenetics . 53 . 4 . 270–8 . 2001 . 11491530 . 10.1007/s002510100332 . 2819935 .
• Saverino D, Merlo A, Bruno S, Pistoia V, Grossi CE, Ciccone E . Dual effect of CD85/leukocyte Ig-like receptor-1/Ig-like transcript 2 and CD152 (CTLA-4) on cytokine production by antigen-stimulated human T cells . Journal of Immunology . 168 . 1 . 207–15 . Jan 2002 . 11751964 . 10.4049/jimmunol.168.1.207 . free .
• Bellón T, Kitzig F, Sayós J, López-Botet M . Mutational analysis of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs of the Ig-like transcript 2 (CD85j) leukocyte receptor . Journal of Immunology . 168 . 7 . 3351–9 . Apr 2002 . 11907092 . 10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3351 . free .
• Nikolova M, Musette P, Bagot M, Boumsell L, Bensussan A . Engagement of ILT2/CD85j in Sézary syndrome cells inhibits their CD3/TCR signaling . Blood . 100 . 3 . 1019–25 . Aug 2002 . 12130517 . 10.1182/blood-2001-12-0303 . 7351536 .
• Willcox BE, Thomas LM, Chapman TL, Heikema AP, West AP, Bjorkman PJ . Crystal structure of LIR-2 (ILT4) at 1.8 A: differences from LIR-1 (ILT2) in regions implicated in the binding of the Human Cytomegalovirus class I MHC homolog UL18 . BMC Structural Biology . 2 . 6 . Oct 2002 . 12390682 . 130215 . 10.1186/1472-6807-2-6 . free .
• Achdout H, Arnon TI, Markel G, Gonen-Gross T, Katz G, Lieberman N, Gazit R, Joseph A, Kedar E, Mandelboim O . Enhanced recognition of human NK receptors after influenza virus infection . Journal of Immunology . 171 . 2 . 915–23 . Jul 2003 . 12847262 . 10.4049/jimmunol.171.2.915 . free .

Notes and References

1. Cosman D, Fanger N, Borges L, Kubin M, Chin W, Peterson L, Hsu ML . A novel immunoglobulin superfamily receptor for cellular and viral MHC class I molecules . Immunity . 7 . 2 . 273–82 . Aug 1997 . 9285411 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80529-4 . free .
2. Colonna M, Navarro F, Bellón T, Llano M, García P, Samaridis J, Angman L, Cella M, López-Botet M . A common inhibitory receptor for major histocompatibility complex class I molecules on human lymphoid and myelomonocytic cells . The Journal of Experimental Medicine . 186 . 11 . 1809–18 . Dec 1997 . 9382880 . 2199153 . 10.1084/jem.186.11.1809 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: LILRB1 leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains), member 1.