CD8+ cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response explained

CD8+ cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response appears to be an anti-HIV innate immune response because it can be observed in vitro with CD8+ cells from unexposed and uninfected healthy individuals.

The presence of a CD8+ cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response (CNAR) was first reported in 1986 by researchers in the laboratory of Dr. Jay Levy at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF).^[1] It was recognized that CD8+ cells from HIV-infected individuals can suppress HIV replication without directly killing the infected cells.^[2]

CNAR appears to be mediated by a CD8+ cell anti-HIV factor (CAF) that has not yet been identified.^[3] Other soluble factors can act against HIV including the β-chemokines.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Walker CM, Moody DJ, Stites DP, Levy JA . CD8+ lymphocytes can control HIV infection in vitro by suppressing virus replication . Science . 1986 . 234 . 4783 . 1563–6 . 2431484 . 10.1126/science.2431484. 1986Sci...234.1563W .
2. Barker . Edward . Bossart . Katharine N. . Levy . Jay A. . Primary CD8⁺cells from HIV-infected individuals can suppress productive infection of macrophages independent of β-chemokines . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 95 . 4 . 1998-02-17 . 0027-8424 . 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1725 . 1725–1729. 19166 .
3. Levy . JA . 2003 . The search for the CD8+ cell anti-HIV factor (CAF) . Trends Immunol . 24 . 12. 628–32 . 14644135 . 10.1016/j.it.2003.10.005 .
4. Cocchi . Fiorenza . DeVico . Anthony L. . Garzino-Demo . Alfredo . Arya . Suresh K. . Gallo . Robert C. . Lusso . Paolo . 1995 . Identification of RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β as the Major HIV-Suppressive Factors Produced by CD8+ T Cells . Science . 270 . 5243. 1811–1815 . 10.1126/science.270.5243.1811 . 8525373 . 1995Sci...270.1811C . 84062618 .