CD160 explained

CD160 antigen is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD160 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

CD160 is a 27 kDa glycoprotein which was initially identified with the monoclonal antibody BY55. Its expression is tightly associated with peripheral blood NK cells and CD8 T lymphocytes with cytolytic effector activity. The cDNA sequence of CD160 predicts a cysteine-rich, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein of 181 amino acids with a single Ig-like domain weakly homologous to KIR2DL4 molecule. CD160 is expressed at the cell surface as a tightly disulfide-linked multimer. RNA blot analysis revealed CD160 mRNAs of 1.5 and 1.6 kb whose expression was highly restricted to circulating NK and T cells, spleen and small intestine. Within NK cells CD160 is expressed by CD56dimCD16+ cells whereas among circulating T cells its expression is mainly restricted to TCRgd bearing cells and to TCRab+CD8brightCD95+CD56+CD28-CD27-cells. In tissues, CD160 is expressed on all intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. CD160 shows a broad specificity for binding to both classical and nonclassical MHC class I molecules.^[4]

Clinical significance

CD160 is a ligand for HVEM, and considered a proposed immune checkpoint inhibitor with anti-cancer activity along with anti- PD-1 antibodies.^[5] CD160 has also been proposed as a potential new target in cases of human pathological ocular and tumor neoangiogenesis that do not respond or become resistant to existing antiangiogenic drugs.^[6]

Related gene problems

• TAR syndrome^[7]
• 1q21.1 deletion syndrome
• 1q21.1 duplication syndrome

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• Bensussan A, Gluckman E, el Marsafy S, Schiavon V, Mansur IG, Dausset J, Boumsell L, Carosella E . BY55 monoclonal antibody delineates within human cord blood and bone marrow lymphocytes distinct cell subsets mediating cytotoxic activity . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 91 . 19 . 9136–9140 . September 1994 . 8090781 . 44762 . 10.1073/pnas.91.19.9136 . free . 1994PNAS...91.9136B .
• Nikolova M, Marie-Cardine A, Boumsell L, Bensussan A . BY55/CD160 acts as a co-receptor in TCR signal transduction of a human circulating cytotoxic effector T lymphocyte subset lacking CD28 expression . International Immunology . 14 . 5 . 445–451 . May 2002 . 11978774 . 10.1093/intimm/14.5.445 . free .
• Tanaka J, Toubai T, Tsutsumi Y, Miura Y, Kato N, Umehara S, Kahata K, Mori A, Toyoshima N, Ota S, Kobayashi T, Kobayashi M, Kasai M, Asaka M, Imamura M . Cytolytic activity and regulatory functions of inhibitory NK cell receptor-expressing T cells expanded from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells . Blood . 104 . 3 . 768–774 . August 2004 . 15073036 . 10.1182/blood-2003-11-3870 . free .
• Barakonyi A, Rabot M, Marie-Cardine A, Aguerre-Girr M, Polgar B, Schiavon V, Bensussan A, Le Bouteiller P . Cutting edge: engagement of CD160 by its HLA-C physiological ligand triggers a unique cytokine profile secretion in the cytotoxic peripheral blood NK cell subset . Journal of Immunology . 173 . 9 . 5349–5354 . November 2004 . 15494480 . 10.4049/jimmunol.173.9.5349 . free .
• Abecassis S, Giustiniani J, Meyer N, Schiavon V, Ortonne N, Campillo JA, Bagot M, Bensussan A . Identification of a novel CD160+ CD4+ T-lymphocyte subset in the skin: a possible role for CD160 in skin inflammation . The Journal of Investigative Dermatology . 127 . 5 . 1161–1166 . May 2007 . 17218942 . 10.1038/sj.jid.5700680 . free .
• Giustiniani J, Marie-Cardine A, Bensussan A . A soluble form of the MHC class I-specific CD160 receptor is released from human activated NK lymphocytes and inhibits cell-mediated cytotoxicity . Journal of Immunology . 178 . 3 . 1293–1300 . February 2007 . 17237375 . 10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1293 . free .

Notes and References

1. Anumanthan A, Bensussan A, Boumsell L, Christ AD, Blumberg RS, Voss SD, Patel AT, Robertson MJ, Nadler LM, Freeman GJ . Cloning of BY55, a novel Ig superfamily member expressed on NK cells, CTL, and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes . Journal of Immunology . 161 . 6 . 2780–2790 . September 1998 . 9743336 . 10.4049/jimmunol.161.6.2780 . 25536877 . free .
2. Agrawal S, Marquet J, Freeman GJ, Tawab A, Bouteiller PL, Roth P, Bolton W, Ogg G, Boumsell L, Bensussan A . Cutting edge: MHC class I triggering by a novel cell surface ligand costimulates proliferation of activated human T cells . Journal of Immunology . 162 . 3 . 1223–1226 . February 1999 . 9973372 . 10.4049/jimmunol.162.3.1223 . 23169904 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: CD160 CD160 molecule.
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: CD160 CD160 molecule.
5. Stecher C, Battin C, Leitner J, Zettl M, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Höller C, Zlabinger GJ, Steinberger P . PD-1 Blockade Promotes Emerging Checkpoint Inhibitors in Enhancing T Cell Responses to Allogeneic Dendritic Cells . Frontiers in Immunology . 8 . 572 . 22 May 2017 . 28588576 . 5439058 . 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00572 . free .
6. Chabot S, Jabrane-Ferrat N, Bigot K, Tabiasco J, Provost A, Golzio M, Noman MZ, Giustiniani J, Bellard E, Brayer S, Aguerre-Girr M, Meggetto F, Giuriato S, Malecaze F, Galiacy S, Jaïs JP, Chose O, Kadouche J, Chouaib S, Teissié J, Abitbol M, Bensussan A, Le Bouteiller P . A novel antiangiogenic and vascular normalization therapy targeted against human CD160 receptor . The Journal of Experimental Medicine . 208 . 5 . 973–986 . May 2011 . 21482699 . 3092350 . 10.1084/jem.20100810 .
7. Klopocki E, Schulze H, Strauss G, Ott CE, Hall J, Trotier F, Fleischhauer S, Greenhalgh L, Newbury-Ecob RA, Neumann LM, Habenicht R, König R, Seemanova E, Megarbane A, Ropers HH, Ullmann R, Horn D, Mundlos S . Complex inheritance pattern resembling autosomal recessive inheritance involving a microdeletion in thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome . American Journal of Human Genetics . 80 . 2 . 232–240 . February 2007 . 17236129 . 1785342 . 10.1086/510919 .