Caspase 10 Explained

Caspase-10 is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the CASP10 gene.^[1]

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes that undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme.

That protein cleaves and activates caspases 3 and 7, and the protein itself is processed by caspase 8. Mutations in this gene are associated with apoptosis defects seen in type II autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.^[2]

Interactions

Caspase 10 has been shown to interact with FADD,^{[3] [4] [5]} CFLAR,^{[4] [6] [7]} Caspase 8,^{[8] [9] [10]} Fas receptor,^{[8] [3] [11]} RYBP,^[12] TNFRSF1A^{[8] [3]} and TNFRSF10B.^{[8] [11]}

See also

• The Proteolysis Map

Further reading

• Cohen GM . Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis . Biochem. J. . 326 . Pt 1. 1–16 . 1997 . 9337844 . 10.1042/bj3260001. 1218630 .
• Clements GB, Klein G, Povey S . Production by EBV infection of an EBNA-positive subline from an EBNA-negative human lymphoma cell line without detectable EBV DNA . Int. J. Cancer . 16 . 1 . 125–33 . 1975 . 170210 . 10.1002/ijc.2910160114 . 30408863 .
• Baumann K, de Rouffignac C, Roinel N . Renal phosphate transport: inhomogeneity of local proximal transport rates and sodium dependence . Pflügers Arch. . 356 . 4 . 287–98 . 1975 . 1171445 . 10.1007/BF00580003 . 259484 . etal.
• DuBridge RB, Tang P, Hsia HC . Analysis of mutation in human cells by using an Epstein-Barr virus shuttle system . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 7 . 1 . 379–87 . 1987 . 3031469 . 10.1128/mcb.7.1.379. 365079 . etal.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Fernandes-Alnemri T, Takahashi A, Armstrong R . Mch3, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease highly related to CPP32 . Cancer Res. . 55 . 24 . 6045–52 . 1996 . 8521391 . etal.
• Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Fernandes-Alnemri T . Molecular ordering of the Fas-apoptotic pathway: The Fas/APO-1 protease Mch5 is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that activates multiple Ced-3/ICE-like cysteine proteases . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 25 . 14486–91 . 1997 . 8962078 . 10.1073/pnas.93.25.14486 . 26159 . etal. 1996PNAS...9314486S. free .
• Vincenz C, Dixit VM . Fas-associated death domain protein interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme 2 (FLICE2), an ICE/Ced-3 homologue, is proximally involved in CD95- and p55-mediated death signaling . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 10 . 6578–83 . 1997 . 9045686 . 10.1074/jbc.272.10.6578 . free .
• Bourquin JP, Stagljar I, Meier P . A serine/arginine-rich nuclear matrix cyclophilin interacts with the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II . Nucleic Acids Res. . 25 . 11 . 2055–61 . 1997 . 9153302 . 10.1093/nar/25.11.2055 . 146702 . etal.
• Shu HB, Halpin DR, Goeddel DV . Casper is a FADD- and caspase-related inducer of apoptosis . Immunity . 6 . 6 . 751–63 . 1997 . 9208847 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80450-1 . free .
• Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Ottilie S . FLAME-1, a novel FADD-like anti-apoptotic molecule that regulates Fas/TNFR1-induced apoptosis . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 30 . 18542–5 . 1997 . 9228018 . 10.1074/jbc.272.30.18542 . etal. free .
• Goltsev YV, Kovalenko AV, Arnold E . CASH, a novel caspase homologue with death effector domains . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 32 . 19641–4 . 1997 . 9289491 . 10.1074/jbc.272.32.19641 . etal. free .
• MacFarlane M, Ahmad M, Srinivasula SM . Identification and molecular cloning of two novel receptors for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 41 . 25417–20 . 1997 . 9325248 . 10.1074/jbc.272.41.25417 . etal. free.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 . etal.
• Hu S, Snipas SJ, Vincenz C . Caspase-14 is a novel developmentally regulated protease . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 45 . 29648–53 . 1998 . 9792675 . 10.1074/jbc.273.45.29648 . etal. free.
• Ng PW, Porter AG, Jänicke RU . Molecular cloning and characterization of two novel pro-apoptotic isoforms of caspase-10 . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 15 . 10301–8 . 1999 . 10187817 . 10.1074/jbc.274.15.10301 . free .
• Wang J, Zheng L, Lobito A . Inherited human Caspase 10 mutations underlie defective lymphocyte and dendritic cell apoptosis in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type II . Cell . 98 . 1 . 47–58 . 1999 . 10412980 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80605-4 . etal. free .
• Satoh S, Hijikata M, Handa H, Shimotohno K . Caspase-mediated cleavage of eukaryotic translation initiation factor subunit 2alpha . Biochem. J. . 342 . Pt 1. 65–70 . 1999 . 10432301 . 10.1042/0264-6021:3420065 . 1220437 .

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: C14.011

Notes and References

1. Fernandes-Alnemri T, Armstrong RC, Krebs J, Srinivasula SM, Wang L, Bullrich F, Fritz LC, Trapani JA, Tomaselli KJ, Litwack G, Alnemri ES . In vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing two FADD-like domains . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 93 . 15 . 7464–9 . October 1996 . 8755496 . 38767 . 10.1073/pnas.93.15.7464 . 1996PNAS...93.7464F . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: CASP10 caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase.
3. Vincenz . C . Dixit V M . March 1997 . Fas-associated death domain protein interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme 2 (FLICE2), an ICE/Ced-3 homologue, is proximally involved in CD95- and p55-mediated death signaling . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 10 . 6578–83 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9045686 . 10.1074/jbc.272.10.6578 . free .
4. Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Ottilie S, Bullrich F, Banks S, Wang Y, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Croce CM, Litwack G, Tomaselli KJ, Armstrong RC, Alnemri ES . July 1997 . FLAME-1, a novel FADD-like anti-apoptotic molecule that regulates Fas/TNFR1-induced apoptosis . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 30 . 18542–5 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9228018 . 10.1074/jbc.272.30.18542 . free .
5. Wang . J . Chun H J. Wong W. Spencer D M. Lenardo M J . November 2001 . Caspase-10 is an initiator caspase in death receptor signaling . . 98 . 24 . 13884–8 . United States. 0027-8424. 11717445 . 10.1073/pnas.241358198 . 2001PNAS...9813884W . 61136 . free .
6. Micheau . Olivier . Tschopp Jürg . July 2003 . Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes . Cell . 114 . 2 . 181–90 . United States. 0092-8674. 12887920 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00521-X . free .
7. Goltsev . Y V . Kovalenko A V. Arnold E. Varfolomeev E E. Brodianskii V M. Wallach D . August 1997 . CASH, a novel caspase homologue with death effector domains . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 32 . 19641–4 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9289491 . 10.1074/jbc.272.32.19641 . free .
8. Gajate . Consuelo . Mollinedo Faustino . March 2005 . Cytoskeleton-mediated death receptor and ligand concentration in lipid rafts forms apoptosis-promoting clusters in cancer chemotherapy . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 12 . 11641–7 . United States. 0021-9258. 15659383 . 10.1074/jbc.M411781200 . free .
9. Guo . Yin . Srinivasula Srinivasa M . Druilhe Anne . Fernandes-Alnemri Teresa . Alnemri Emad S . April 2002 . Caspase-2 induces apoptosis by releasing proapoptotic proteins from mitochondria . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 16 . 13430–7 . United States. 0021-9258. 11832478 . 10.1074/jbc.M108029200 . free .
10. Srinivasula . S M . Ahmad M. Fernandes-Alnemri T. Litwack G. Alnemri E S . December 1996 . Molecular ordering of the Fas-apoptotic pathway: The Fas/APO-1 protease Mch5 is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that activates multiple Ced-3/ICE-like cysteine proteases . . 93 . 25 . 14486–91 . UNITED STATES. 0027-8424. 8962078 . 1996PNAS...9314486S . 10.1073/pnas.93.25.14486 . 26159 . free .
11. MacFarlane . M . Ahmad M. Srinivasula S M. Fernandes-Alnemri T. Cohen G M. Alnemri E S . October 1997 . Identification and molecular cloning of two novel receptors for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 41 . 25417–20 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9325248 . 10.1074/jbc.272.41.25417 . free.
12. Zheng . L . Schickling O. Peter M E. Lenardo M J . August 2001 . The death effector domain-associated factor plays distinct regulatory roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 34 . 31945–52 . United States. 0021-9258. 11395500 . 10.1074/jbc.M102799200 . free .