CARM1 explained
| coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 |
| Caption: | Crystal Structure of Coactivator Associated Arginine Methyltransferase 1[1] |
| Hgncid: | 23393 |
| Symbol: | CARM1 |
| Entrezgene: | 10498 |
| Omim: | 603934 |
| Refseq: | XM_032719 |
| Uniprot: | Q86X55 |
| Ecnumber: | 2.1.1.125 |
| Chromosome: | 19 |
| Arm: | p |
| Band: | 13.2 |
| coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase 1-like |
| Hgncid: | 23392 |
| Symbol: | CARM1L |
| Entrezgene: | 256280 |
| Refseq: | XM_171224 |
| Uniprot: | Q5SZY8 |
| Chromosome: | 9 |
| Arm: | p |
| Band: | 24.2 |
CARM1 (coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1), also known as PRMT4 (protein arginine N-methyltransferase 4), is an enzyme encoded by the gene found in human beings, as well as many other mammals.[2] It has a polypeptide (L) chain type that is 348 residues long, and is made up of alpha helices and beta sheets.[3] Its main function includes catalyzing the transfer of a methyl group from S-Adenosyl methionine to the side chain nitrogens of arginine residues within proteins to form methylated arginine derivatives and S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine.[4] CARM1 is a secondary coactivator through its association with p160 family (SRC-1, GRIP1, AIB) of coactivators. It is responsible for moving cells toward the inner cell mass in developing blastocysts.[5]
Clinical significance
CARM1 plays an important role in androgen receptors and may play a role in prostate cancer progression.[6] [7]
CARM1 exerts both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions. In breast cancer, CARM1 methylates chromatin remodeling factor BAF155 to enhance tumor progression and metastasis.[8] In pancreatic cancer, CARM1 methylates and inhibits MDH1 by disrupting its dimerization, which represses mitochondria respiration and inhibits glutamine utilization. CARM1-mediated MDH1 methylation reduces cellular NADPH level and sensitizes cells to oxidative stress, thereby suppressing cell proliferation and colony formation.[9]
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: RCSB Protein Data Bank - Structure Summary for 2Y1W - CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF COACTIVATOR ASSOCIATED ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (CARM1) IN COMPLEX WITH SINEFUNGIN AND INDOLE INHIBITOR .
- Chen D, Ma H, Hong H, Koh SS, Huang SM, Schurter BT, Aswad DW, Stallcup MR . Regulation of transcription by a protein methyltransferase . Science . 284 . 5423 . 2174–7 . 1999 . 10381882 . 10.1126/science.284.5423.2174.
- Web site: RCSB Protein Data Bank - Sequence / Structure Details for 2Y1W - CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF COACTIVATOR ASSOCIATED ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (CARM1) IN COMPLEX WITH SINEFUNGIN AND INDOLE INHIBITOR . 2011-04-13 . 2015-09-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924173340/http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/remediatedSequence.do?structureId=2Y1W . dead .
- Web site: CARM1 Gene - GeneCards | CARM1 Protein | CARM1 Antibody .
- Torres-Padilla ME, Parfitt DE, Kouzarides T, Zernicka-Goetz M . Histone arginine methylation regulates pluripotency in the early mouse embryo . Nature . 445 . 7124 . 214–8 . 2007 . 3353120 . 10.1038/nature05458 . 17215844. 2007Natur.445..214T .
- Hong H, Kao C, Jeng MH, Eble JN, Koch MO, Gardner TA, Zhang S, Li L, Pan CX, Hu Z, MacLennan GT, Cheng L . Aberrant expression of CARM1, a transcriptional coactivator of androgen receptor, in the development of prostate carcinoma and androgen-independent status . Cancer . 101 . 1 . 83–9 . 2004 . 15221992 . 10.1002/cncr.20327. 274474 .
- Majumder S, Liu Y, Ford OH, Mohler JL, Whang YE . Involvement of arginine methyltransferase CARM1 in androgen receptor function and prostate cancer cell viability . Prostate . 66 . 12 . 1292–301 . 2006 . 16705743 . 10.1002/pros.20438. 23950904 .
- Wang L, Zhao Z, Meyer MB, Saha S, Yu M, Guo A, Wisinski KB, Huang W, Cai W, Pike JW, Yuan M, Ahlquist P, Xu W . CARM1 Methylates Chromatin Remodeling Factor BAF155 to Enhance Tumor Progression and Metastasis . Cancer Cell . 30 . 1 . 179–180 . Jul 2016 . 4004525 . 24434208 . 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.007.
- Wang YP, Zhou W, Wang J, Huang X, Zuo Y, Wang TS, Gao X, Xu YY, Zou SW, Liu YB, Cheng JK, Lei QY . Arginine Methylation of MDH1 by CARM1 Inhibits Glutamine Metabolism and Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer . Molecular Cell . 64 . 4 . 673–87 . Nov 2016 . 27840030 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.09.028. free .
