| CAF Civity | |
| Manufacturer: | CAF |
| Formation: | 2 to 8 cars per unit |
| Yearconstruction: | 2012–present |
| Numberconstruction: | 261 units on order |
| Numberbuilt: | 251 units |
| Factory: | Irun Beasain Zaragoza Newport |
| Carlength: | 21.5m (70.5feet) 16.2m (53.1feet) 20m (70feet) |
| Trainlength: | 43– |
| Width: | 2.88– |
| Height: | 4.3m (14.1feet) |
| Weight: | c. 100t |
| Floorheight: | 6001NaN1–11501NaN1 |
The CAF Civity is a family of regional passenger trains which is manufactured by Spanish rolling stock manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles. Available as both diesel, electric and battery-electric multiple unit, the Civity was first launched in 2010 and received its first order two years later.
As of 2023, 251 Civity units have been constructed, with a further 261 on order. The United Kingdom is the largest customer of the platform with a total of 216 units ordered.
The Civity is a modular platform available in four variants, which are diesel, diesel-electric, electric and bi/dual mode. Most variants of the Civity platform, with the exception of the Civity UK and NSW, have shared bogies and a low floor.[1]
Diesel variant has been ordered by operators in the United Kingdom (Northern, West Midlands Trains and Transport for Wales), with these units being constructed in either two, three or four-car formations. These trains will be fitted with MTU powerplants which produce 523hp per engine (one engine per car), which will give them a maximum speed of 100mph.
The electric variant is capable of operating on 1500 V or 3000 V DC power supplies with a pick-up shoe or 15 kV or 25 kV AC power supplies with a pantograph. It has so far been ordered in either three, four or five car formations, with these being capable of speeds between 75–.
In February 2019, Transport for NSW signed a contract with Momentum Trains PPP to supply 117 Civity bi mode (diesel and electric supply) carriages, a new maintenance centre in Dubbo and a maintenance contract as part of the Regional Rail Project.[2] The new trains, referred to as the R sets, will replace the XPT (19 power cars and 60 carriages), Xplorer (23 carriages) and Endeavour (28 carriages) trains. The 117 new carriages will make up 10 diesel-electric trainsets for use on long-distance services linking Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, plus nine short and 10 long multiple-units for regional routes, a total of 29 trains.[3] [4] The trains have been heavily delayed and now due to commence in service in 2025. [5]
In June 2021, the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) and the Nahverkehr Westfalen-Lippe (NWL) announced that CAF, using its Civity platform, had been selected to build and maintain for 30 years, 63 battery electric multiple units (48 long and 15 short version) for the Niederrhein-Münsterland regional train network, comprising the RE10, RB37 (lot 1), RE14, RE44, RB31, RB36, RB41 and RB43 (lot 2) train services in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The fleet will be owned by the VRR and NWL and will be made available to DB Regio (lot 1) and the other train operating company that has yet to be selected (lot 2). The operations on the individual services are due to start between December 2025 and 2028.[6] In 2022, the Nahverkehr Westfalen-Lippe ordered an additional 10 long units for operation on the RB68 (Münster – Sendenhorst) and RB76 (Verl – Gütersloh – Harsewinkel) services from December 2025.[7]
In 2010, the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia placed an order with CAF for eight ETR 563 five-car units for Trenitalia. Four more units were subsequently ordered, with these units capable of operating services into Slovenia and Austria, with these being designated as ETR 564 units. The units were delayed into service as they could not be approved.[8]
Five four-car ETR 452 trains have been built for Ferrotramviaria, a regional train operator in Bari, Apulia. They have been in use since 2014 and 2015.[9]
The El Insurgente commuter rail service between Mexico City and Toluca uses electric multiple units combining the Civity and the earlier Civia designs.[10] [11]
Three Class 6111 three-car EMUs were delivered to Željeznički prevoz Crne Gore (ŽPCG), the national railway company of Montenegro, specifically to serve the Podgorica-Nikšić railway, cutting travel time to 50 minutes. The first of the new trains started with service on 13 July 2013.[12] [13]
In 2014, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) placed a €510 million order for 118 Civity sets. These new trains, which will consist of three and four car formations, will replace the NS SGMm sets. The train is known as the Sprinter New Generation (SNG) by the NS. The trains will be delivered from 2018 and can operate at 160km/h.[14] A mock-up of an SNG was presented in September 2015, featuring sockets, recycling bins and a toilet.[15] An additional 88 sets were ordered in December 2018, with deliveries expected to continue through 2023.[16]
In 2024 Qbuzz placed an order for 10 three car Civity sets. These sets will replace 2 Stadler GTW 2/6 and 8 GTW 2/8 trainsets delivered in 2008-2011. The new trainsets will be in service by the end op 2027 and can operate at 160km/h. The replacement is part because of implementation of ERTMS and part because of having more doors and toilets.
In 2022 CAF won the tender for NS with Civity Duo, the first double decker of the Civity platform. The contract consists of 60 double decker train sets with 4 or 6 coaches, with an option to expand the contract to 80,000 seats.[17]
In 2022, Renfe Viajeros placed an initial order for 28 EMUs for regional services with options for 42 additional trains,[18] with an investment of €290 million. The next year, CAF received an extension for 32 more trains, extending the order to 60 trains.[19] Those EMU will have a maximum speed of 200abbr=onNaNabbr=on, and will have three- and five-car versions.
The public transport agencies of Jönköpings län, Kronobergs län and Kalmar län have made a joint order for 20 electric units (EMU) and 8 units that can be powered either by an external electricity supply or by using the onboard diesel engine (BMU). The contract also contain an option for another 19 EMUs and 7 BMUs through the leasing company Transitio.[20] The trains will be of Civity Nordic version, designed for operation at temperatures of between -40and and are set to arrive 2024–27 and will replace the X11s, X14s, Itinos and Y2s currently running in the regions. The maximum speed of EMUs will be 200abbr=onNaNabbr=on, that of the BMUs will be 200abbr=onNaNabbr=on in electric mode and 140abbr=onNaNabbr=on in diesel mode.[21] [22]
In January 2016, Arriva Rail North placed an order for 98 (later increased to 101)[23] units, with the majority of these trains due to operate on the company's Northern Connect regional express services[24] (now under operator Northern Trains). The order breakdown is for 58 (originally 55) diesel multiple units (two and three-car) and 43 electric multiple units (three and four-car). All of these trains were planned to gradually enter service throughout 2019.
In early 2018, it was revealed that there is an option for an undisclosed number of additional carriages.[25] There is also a provision available to extend the four car Class 331 units to five carriages in the future.[26]
The extra three Class 195 units were ordered in November 2018.[23]
CAF built twelve five-car electric multiple units for TransPennine Express for its West Coast Main Line services, which operate from Liverpool and Manchester Airport to Glasgow and Edinburgh. These units were due to be delivered between 2018 and 2019, replacing the four-car /4 units which were previously used on these services.[27] They have a maximum speed of 125mph.[28]
It was announced in late 2017 that CAF will also supply 26 diesel multiple units for West Midlands Trains, which will be in two-car and four-car formations. They will operate services for the company's West Midlands Railway sub-brand.[29]
In June 2018 it was announced that KeolisAmey Wales had ordered 51 two-car and 26 three-car diesel multiple Civitys, to be based at Chester and Machynlleth depots. These have since received the TOPS designation Class 197.[30]
In November 2023 it was announced that London North Eastern Railway had ordered 10 ten-car tri-mode Civitys.[31]
The Philippine National Railways confirmed the order of 7 Civity trains from Mitsubishi–CAF joint venture in 2023. These 8-car trains shall be used on the North–South Commuter Railway's Airport Express service with a maximum speed of 160 km/h (100 mph).[32] Its design is based on the Mexican El Insurgente trains, distinguished by the use of 1.5 kilovolt DC electrification, gangway doors and the adoption of Japanese Shibata couplers.[33]
For compatibility with the line's platform screen doors, the trains will have a 20000mm car length, 2950mm width and be 4150mm in height. It will also have a high platform design of 1150mm height as measured from the rails. The trains can fit up to 800 passengers with 392 seated, 8 wheelchair spaces and 400 standees.[34]
In 2012, Latvian railway operator Pasažieru vilciens placed a €400 million order for 34 electric and seven diesel-electric multiple units. The order also included a 30-year maintenance plan for the units. The three car sets were to be built for the and capable of operating on lines electrified at 3000V DC with a maximum speed of 140abbr=onNaNabbr=on.[35] The order was subsequently cancelled, with no units built.
| Class | Image | Operator(s) | Type | No. | Cars | Built | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Australia | ||||||||
| R set | NSW TrainLink | BMU | 19 | 3 | 2023– | |||
| 10 | 6 | |||||||
 Italy | ||||||||
| ETR 452 | Ferrotramviaria | EMU | 5 | 4 | 2014–15 | |||
| ETR 563 | Trenitalia | 8 | 5 | 2012–13 | ||||
| ETR 564 | 4 | 2014 | ||||||
 Montenegro | ||||||||
| 6111 | Željeznički prevoz Crne Gore | EMU | 3 | 3 | 2013 | |||
 Netherlands | ||||||||
| SNG | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | EMU | 118 | 3 | 2018– | |||
| 88 | 4 | |||||||
 United Kingdom | ||||||||
| Northern Trains | DMU | 25 | 2 | 2017–2020 | ||||
| 33 | 3 | |||||||
| West Midlands Trains | 12 | 2 | 2019–2022 | |||||
| 14 | 4 | |||||||
| Transport for Wales | 51 | 2 | 2020– | |||||
| 26 | 3 | |||||||
| Northern Trains | EMU | 31 | 2017–2020 | |||||
| 12 | 4 | |||||||
| Nova 2 | TransPennine Express | 12 | 5 | 2017–2019 | ||||
| Class 897 | London North Eastern Railway | TMU | 10 | 10 | not yet known | |||
 Germany | ||||||||
| not yet known | not yet known (Niederrhein-Münsterland-Netz) | BEMU | 60 | 2021– | ||||
 Mexico | ||||||||
| Intercity Train | Tren Interurbano México-Toluca"El Insurgente" | EMU | 30 | 5 | 2014-2024 | |||