Cárcel Modelo massacre explained
The Cárcel Modelo massacre was the execution of roughly 30 politicians and soldiers by anarchist militiamen who occupied a Madrid prison on 22 August 1936, in the opening months of the Spanish Civil War.
After defeating the 1936 military coup attempt, the Spanish government imprisoned some of the uprising's suspected political and military supporters at the Cárcel Modelo Prison in Madrid. After rumours that the prisoners were escaping, an angry crowd formed outside the prison's gates demanding the execution of the "fascists". A group of anarchist militiamen took control of the prison and executed the prisoners later that night. The reigning Republican government saw its reputation falter from its inability to quell the crowd and protect the prisoners. The incident sparked protests from the diplomatic corps in Madrid.
Historical context
Since April 1931, the Second Spanish Republic had governed Spain.[1] However, following the election of November 1933 where left-wing parties performed well, Nationalists, Monarchists (Carlists and Alfonsist monarchists),[2] and Radical Republicans clashed with the governing Republicans in legal[3] and street fights.
On 13 July 1936, Nationalist fighters (including military officials and troops) revolted against the Spanish coup of July 1936.[4]
Notable victims
See also
Bibliography
- Book: Casanova, Julián. The Spanish Republic and Civil War. Cambridge University Press. 2010. 9781139490573. Julián Casanova Ruiz.
- Book: García Lahiguera, Fernando. Ramón Serrano Súñer: un documento para la historia. Argos Vergara. 1983.
- Book: Graham, Helen. The Spanish Republic at War 1936-1939. Cambridge University Press. 2002. Helen Graham (historian).
- Book: Martín Rubio, Ángel David. Paz, piedad, perdón... y verdad. Editorial Fénix. 1997.
- Book: Montoliú, Pedro. Madrid en la guerra civil: La historia. Sílex. 2000. 84-7737-072-9. Madrid. Pedro Montoliú .
- Book: Preston, Paul. El Holocausto Español. Odio y Exterminio en la Guerra Civil y después. Debolsillo. 2013. Barcelona. Paul Preston .
- Book: Reig Tapia, Alberto. Violencia y terror. Akal. 1990. 84-7600-693-4. Madrid. Alberto Reig Tapia.
- Book: Romero Salvadó, Francisco J.. Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War. The Scarecrow Press. 2013. 978-0-8108-5784-1. Francisco J. Romero Salvadó.
- Book: Ruiz, Julius. The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War. Cambridge University Press. 2014. 978-1-107-05454-7. Nueva York. Julius Ruiz.
- Ruiz-Manjón. Octavio. Octavio Ruiz-Manjón. July 2014. Violencia vs. representación. Los diputados de las Cortes de 1936, víctimas de la Guerra Civil española. Historia y Política. 32.
- Book: Thomas, Hugh. Historia de la Guerra Civil Española. Círculo de Lectores. 1976. 9788497598323. Barcelona. Hugh Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton.
- Book: Viñas, Ángel. La Soledad de la República: El abandono de las democracias y el viraje hacia la Unión Soviética. Crítica. 2006. Ángel Viñas.
Notes and References
- Book: Casanova, Julián . The Spanish Republic and Civil War . 13 September 2010 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-49388-8 . Cambridge, UK . vii . 10.1017/CBO9780511763137.
- Book: Hugh, Thomas . The Spanish Civil War . 1 January 1961 . Eyre and Spottiswoode . 1st . London, UK . 75 . B002ADRJB8 . 395987.
- Book: Preston, Paul . The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution and Revenge . 2006 . HarperCollins . 978-0-00-723207-9 . 3rd . London, UK . 70.
- Book: Hugh, Thomas . The Spanish Civil War . 2003 . Penguin . 0-141-01161-0 . 315.
