By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament explained

By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament were held to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada between the 1867 federal election and the 1872 federal election. The Conservative Party of Canada led a majority government for the 1st Canadian Parliament.

The list includes Ministerial by-elections which occurred due to the requirement that Members of Parliament recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These by-elections were almost always uncontested. This requirement was abolished in 1931.

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Yale District	December 19, 1871	New seat						Liberal	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Cariboo	December 19, 1871	New seat						Liberal-Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Vancouver Island	December 15, 1871	New seat						Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
New Westminster	December 13, 1871	New seat						Liberal-Conservative	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.	NA
Victoria	November 24, 1871	New seat						Liberal	New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation. Two MPs elected	NA
Brome	November 17, 1871				Conservative				Conservative	Appointed to the Superior Court of Quebec	Yes
Compton	November 11, 1871	John Henry Pope			Conservative	John Henry Pope			Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture	Yes
Montcalm	September 15, 1871	Joseph Dufresne			Conservative	Firmin Dugas			Conservative	Appointed Sheriff of the County of St. John	Yes
Algoma	June 30, 1871	Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson			Conservative	Frederick William Cumberland			Conservative	Appointed Indian Commissioner for the North	Yes
Hastings East	March 20, 1871	Robert Read			Conservative	John White			Conservative	Called to the Senate	Yes
Provencher	March 3, 1871	New seat			Pierre Delorme			Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Selkirk	March 2, 1871	New seat			Donald Alexander Smith			Independent Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Lisgar	March 2, 1871	New seat			John Christian Schultz			Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.	NA
Marquette	March 2, 1871	New seat					Liberal and Conservative	New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation. Two MPs elected due to a tie.	NA
Restigouche	November 29, 1870	William Murray Caldwell			Liberal	George Moffat, Sr.			Conservative	Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick	No
Richelieu	November 18, 1870	Thomas McCarthy			Conservative	Georges Isidore Barthe			Independent Conservative	Death	No
Colchester	November 8, 1870	Adams George Archibald			Liberal-Conservative	Frederick M. Pearson			Liberal	Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories	No
St. Hyacinthe	September 1, 1870				Liberal				Liberal	Death	Yes
Bellechasse	August 15, 1870				Conservative				Liberal	Appointed to Superior Court of Quebec	No
Quebec East	July 18, 1870				Liberal				Conservative	Appointed Postmaster at Quebec	No
Missisquoi	July 5, 1870				Conservative				Liberal-Conservative	Appointed Queen's Printer	Yes
Kings	June 23, 1870				Anti-Confederate				Liberal	Death	No
Cumberland	June 15, 1870				Conservative				Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council	Yes
Frontenac	April 27, 1870				Conservative				Conservative	Death	Yes
Brome	November 29, 1869				Conservative				Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture	Yes
Lanark South	November 29, 1869				Conservative				Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue	Yes
Renfrew South	November 29, 1869				Liberal	John Lorn McDougall			Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Renfrew North	November 13, 1869				Liberal-Conservative	Francis Hincks			Conservative	Resignation to provide a seat for Hincks	Yes
Huntingdon	October 30, 1869				Liberal-Conservative	Julius Scriver			Liberal	Resignation to move to London where he acted as the Prime Minister's unofficial representative to the UK.	No
Colchester	September 9, 1869				Anti-Confederate	Adams George Archibald			Liberal-Conservative	Called to the Senate	No
L'Islet	July 14, 1869				Conservative	Barthélemy Pouliot			Conservative	Election annulled	Yes
Wellington Centre	July 12, 1869	Thomas Sutherland Parker			Liberal	James Ross			Liberal	Death	Yes
Hants	April 24, 1869				Anti-Confederate	Joseph Howe			Liberal-Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council	No
Yarmouth	April 20, 1869				Anti-Confederate	Frank Killam			Liberal	Death	No
Richmond	April 20, 1869				Anti-Confederate	Isaac LeVesconte			Conservative	Death	No
Kamouraska	February 17, 1869	Vacant			Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier			Liberal	No election held in 1867 due to riots	NA
Northumberland	December 24, 1868	John Mercer Johnson			Liberal	Richard Hutchison			Liberal	Death	Yes
Saint Maurice	October 30, 1868	Louis-Léon Lesieur Desaulniers			Conservative	Élie Lacerte			Conservative	Appointed inspector of prisons and asylums in Quebec	Yes
York	October 28, 1868	Charles Fisher			Liberal	John Pickard			Independent Liberal	Appointed to New Brunswick Supreme Court	No
Three Rivers	October 17, 1868	Louis-Charles Boucher de Niverville			Conservative	William McDougall			Conservative	Appointed sheriff for the district of Trois-Rivières	Yes
York West	August 14, 1868	William Pearce Howland			Liberal-Conservative	Amos Wright			Liberal	Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario	No
Montreal West	April 20, 1868	Thomas D'Arcy McGee			Liberal-Conservative	Michael Patrick Ryan			Liberal-Conservative	Death (assassinated)	Yes
Lincoln	April 13, 1868	James Rea Benson			Liberal-Conservative	Thomas Rodman Merritt			Liberal	Called to the Senate	No
Restigouche	March 13, 1868	John McMillan			Liberal	William Murray Caldwell			Liberal	Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick	Yes
Montmorency	December 11, 1867	Joseph-Édouard Cauchon			Conservative	Jean Langlois			Conservative	Called to the Senate	Yes
Huntingdon	November 28, 1867	John Rose			Liberal-Conservative	John Rose			Liberal-Conservative	Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Finance	Yes

See also

• List of federal by-elections in Canada

Sources

• Parliament of Canada–Elected in By-Elections