Bwaidoka language explained

Bwaidoka
States:	Papua New Guinea
Region:	Milne Bay Province (Goodenough Island, Fergusson Island)
Speakers:	6,500
Date:	2000
Ref:	e18
Familycolor:	Austronesian
Fam2:	Malayo-Polynesian
Fam3:	Oceanic
Fam4:	Western Oceanic
Fam5:	Papuan Tip
Fam6:	Nuclear Papuan Tip
Fam7:	North Papuan Mainland – D'Entrecasteaux
Fam8:	Bwaidoga
Iso3:	bwd
Glotto:	bwai1242
Glottorefname:	Bwaidoka

Bwaidoka is an Austronesian language spoken in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. It is a local lingua franca.

Phonology

pronounced as //t// can be pronounced as alveolar pronounced as /[t]/, or dental pronounced as /[t̪]/ when preceding central or back vowels.
pronounced as //ɡ// can be pronounced as a voiced plosive pronounced as /[ɡ]/, or as a fricative pronounced as /[ɣ]/ on an unstressed syllable.
pronounced as //j// can be pronounced as either pronounced as /[j]/ or as pronounced as /[ð]/ in free variation.

Vowel sounds pronounced as //i, o, u// do not occur following labialized consonants.
pronounced as //e// may fluctuate freely from pronounced as /[e]/ to pronounced as /[ə]/ in syllable-final, and with pronounced as /[ɛ]/ as the first vowel sound on stressed syllables.
pronounced as //a// may fluctuate freely from pronounced as /[a]/ to pronounced as /[ə]/ on unstressed syllables and as the second vowel sound on stressed syllables.
pronounced as //o// may fluctuate freely from pronounced as /[o]/ to pronounced as /[ɔ]/ on unstressed syllables and as the second vowel sound on stressed syllables.^[1]