| Coordinates: | 20.86°N 174.82°W |
| Depth: | Unknown |
| Colong: | 186 |
| Eponym: | C. H. D. Buys Ballot |
Buys-Ballot is an oddly-shaped lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon. The crater was named by the IAU in 1970.[1]
This formation has a distinctive shape for a crater, having a prominent extension to the south that nearly doubles the dimension compared to the width across the maximum west–east cross-section. It vaguely resembles a pear, with the thinner end to the south and the bulge to the north. Despite the odd shape, this crater has not been significantly eroded and only a few tiny craterlets mark the interior or the rim.
Running down the middle of the crater along its longest dimension is a ridge that divides the southern part in half. This ridge extends as far north as the widest part before coming to an end. The floor at this widest part has been partially resurfaced by basaltic lava, leaving an oval area around the northern edge of the central ridge surrounded by a patch of material with a lower albedo than the surroundings. The remainder of the interior floor is somewhat rough and irregular, particularly in the southern half.
Attached to the northern end of the crater is another odd formation consisting of the satellite craters Buys-Ballot Y and Z. These two nearly resemble mirror images of each other, being joined down the center by a narrow ridge line and extending nearly twice as far to the north as their individual widths in the east–west direction. The main difference between the two is that there is a concentric formation at the north end of the crater Y. The interior surfaces of both craters are irregular.
Buys-Ballot lies just to the northwest of the small lunar mare named Lacus Luxuriae, and southeast of the crater Freundlich. Other nearby craters of note are Anderson to the southwest and Dante to the northeast. The crater lies north of the center of the Freundlich-Sharonov Basin.
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Buys-Ballot.
| Buys-Ballot | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | 19.4° N | 179.5° E | 22 km | |
| Q | 19.5° N | 172.7° E | 58 km | |
| Y | 22.9° N | 174.0° E | 31 km | |
| Z | 22.5° N | 174.5° E | 58 km |