This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-butane.
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.
| Structure and properties | |
| Index of refraction, nD | 1.3326 at 20 °C[1] |
| Dielectric constant, εr | 1.7697 ε0 at 23 °C[2] |
| Symmetry group | C2h |
| Magnetic susceptibility | ? |
| Surface tension | 12.46 dyn/cm at 20 °C P ≈ 225 kPa |
| Phase behavior | |
| Density (liquid) 0 °C | 600 kg/m³ |
| Density (saturated vapor) 1 atm, -0.5 °C | 2.6 kg/m³ |
| Triple point | 134.6 K (–138.5 °C), 0.7 Pa |
| Critical point | 425.1 K (152.0 °C), 3796.0 kPa |
| Std enthalpy change of fusion, ΔfusH | 4.66 kJ/mol |
| Std entropy change of fusion, ΔfusS | 34.56 J/(mol·K) |
| Std enthalpy change of vaporization, ΔvapH | 22.44 kJ/mol |
| Std entropy change of vaporization, ΔvapS | 82.30 J/(mol·K) |
| Solid properties | |
| Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH | ? kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S | ? J/(mol K) |
| Heat capacity, cp | ? J/(mol K) |
| Liquid properties | |
| Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH | -147.6 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S | 229.7 J/(mol K) |
| Heat capacity, cp | 132.42 J/(mol K) –262 °C to –3 °C |
| Gas properties | |
| Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfH | –124.7 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy, S | 310.23 J/(mol K) |
| Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH | –2877.5 kJ/mol |
| Heat capacity, cp | 98.49 J/(mol K) at 25 °C |
| n-butane van der Waals' constants[3] | a = 1466.2 L2 kPa/mol2 b = 0.1226 liter per mole |
| P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600 | ||
| T in °C | –101.5 | –77.8 | –59.1 | –44.2 | –16.3 | –0.5 | 18.8 | 50.0 | 79.5 | 116.0 | — | — |
| UV-Vis | |
| λmax | ? nm |
| Extinction coefficient, ε | ? |
| IR | |
| Major absorption bands | ? cm-1 |
| NMR | |
| Other NMR data | |
| MS | |
| Masses of main fragments | |