Burnettweldia conalis explained

Burnettweldia conalis, formerly Disholcaspis conalis, the witches' hat gall wasp, is a species of hymenopteran that induces stem galls on Oregon oaks in North America.^[1] The conical stem galls look like witches' hats lined up on a stick. The base of the detachable gall appears to grip the stem. Typical galls are 10 to 18 millimeters tall.^[2] Young galls are green, aging galls are fuzzy, and old galls are beige. The type species was collected in Sequoia National Park.

Notes and References

1. Book: Russo, Ron . Field Guide to Plant Galls of California and other Western States . University of California Press . 2006 . 978-0-520-24886-1 . Rev. . California Natural History Guide No. 91 . Berkeley, Calif. . 133 . en-us . 2006009332 . 65207054 . 1979.
2. Weld . Lewis H. . Field notes on gall-inhabiting cynipid wasps with descriptions of new species . Proceedings of the United States National Museum . 10.5479/si.00963801.68-2611.1 . 1926 . 68 . 2611 . U.S. Government Printing Office . 37 . en-us.