Burkholderia thailandensis explained

Burkholderia thailandensis is a nonfermenting motile, Gram-negative bacillus that occurs naturally in soil. It is closely related to Burkholderia pseudomallei, but unlike B. pseudomallei, it only rarely causes disease in humans or animals.[1] [2] [3] [4] The lethal inoculum is approximately 1000 times higher than for B. pseudomallei.[5] It is usually distinguished from B. pseudomallei by its ability to assimilate arabinose.[6] Other differences between these species include lipopolysaccharide composition, colony morphology, and differences in metabolism.[7]

Use in research

Burkholderia thailandensis is sometimes used to model B. pseudomallei infection in mice because of similarities in the immune response.[8] [9] [10] B. thailandensis does not require biosafety category 3 facilities and is not considered a biosecurity threat, which makes it easier to study and to work with.[11] Burkholderia thailandensis has secondary products that play an essential role in the ecology of soil bacteria.[12] Co-culture studies showed that B. thailandensis strain E264 produces an antimicrobial substance that prevents the growth of other soil bacteria called Bacillus subtilis strain 168.

Small RNA

Research suggests that as in other bacteria, small non coding RNAs play a role in response to the environmental and stress conditions like antibiotic exposure and survival in a host-specific environment.[13] Several small RNA have been discovered in B. thailandenisis: BHT_s1 and BHT_s39 exhibit differential expression profiles dependent on growth phase and cell stimuli, such as antibiotics and serum. BHT_s39 could function in bacterial metabolism and adaptation to host. BTH_s13 and BTH_s19 may regulate expression of their downstream gene.

See also: Burkholderia cenocepacia.

External links

Notes and References

  1. Wuthiekanun V, Smith MD, Dance DA, Walsh AL, Pitt TL, White NJ . Biochemical characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei . J Med Microbiol . 1996 . 45 . 6 . 408 - 12 . 8958243 . 10.1099/00222615-45-6-408 . free .
  2. Smith MD, Angus BJ, Wuthiekanun V, White NJ . Arabinose assimilation defines a nonvirulent biotype of Burkholderia pseudomallei . Infect Immun . 1997 . 65 . 10 . 4319 - 21 . 10.1128/IAI.65.10.4319-4321.1997 . 9317042 . 175618 .
  3. Lertpatanasuwan N, Sermsri K, Petkaseam A, Trakulsomboon S, Thamlikitkul V, Suputtamongkol Y. Arabinose-positive Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in humans: case report. Clin Infect Dis. 1999. 28. 927 - 28. 10.1086/517253. 10825075. 4. free.
  4. Glass MB, Gee JE, Steigerwalt AG. Pneumonia and Septicemia Caused by Burkholderia thailandensis in the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 2006. 44. 4601 - 04. 10.1128/JCM.01585-06. 17050819. 12. 1698378. etal.
  5. Wiersinga WJ, de Vos AF, de Beer R. Inflammation patterns induced by different Burkholderia species in mice. Cell Microbiol. 2007. 10. 1. 81–87. 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01016.x. 17645551. 22030395. etal. free.
  6. Smith MD, Angus BJ, Wuthiekanun V, White NJ. Arabinose assimilation defines a nonvirulent biotype of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Infect Immun. 1997. 65. 4319 - 321. 9317042. 10. 10.1128/IAI.65.10.4319-4321.1997. 175618.
  7. Woods DE . Species versus Biotype Status . J Clin Microbiol . 1999 . 37 . 11 . 3786 - 7 . 10.1128/JCM.37.11.3786-3787.1999 . 10610379 . 85768 .
  8. Wiersinga WJ, de Vos AF, de Beer R, Wieland CW, ((Roelofs JJTH)), Woods DE. Inflammation patterns induced by different Burkholderia species in mice. Cell Microbiol. 2008. 10. 81–7. 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01016.x. 17645551. 1. 22030395. free.
  9. Haraga A, West TE, Brittnacher MJ, Skerrett SJ, Miller SI. Burkholderia thailandensis as a model system for the Study of the virulence-associated type III secretion system of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Infect Immun. 2008. 76. 11. 5402 - 11. 10.1128/IAI.00626-08. 18779342. 2573339.
  10. Morici LA, Heang J, Tate T, Didier PJ, Roy CJ. Differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to Burkholderia thailandensis aerosol infection. Microb Pathog. 2010. 48. 1. 9 - 17. 19853031. 10.1016/j.micpath.2009.10.004. 7006035.
  11. Haraga A, West TE, Brittnacher MJ, Skerrett SJ, Miller SI. Burkholderia thailandensis as a Model System for the Study of the Virulence-Associated Type III Secretion System of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Infect Immun. 2008. 76. 11. 5402 - 11. 18779342. 10.1128/IAI.00626-08. 2573339.
  12. Klaus, J. R., Majerczyk, C., Moon, S., Eppler, N. A., Smith, S., Tuma, E., Groleau, M.C., Asfahl, K. L., & Smalley, N. E., Nicole, E., Hayden, H. S., Piochon, M., Ball, P., Dandekar, A. A., Gauthier, C., Deziel, E., Chandler, J. R. (2020). Burkholderia thailandensis methylated hydroxyalkylquinolines: Biosynthesis and antimicrobial activity in cocultures. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 86(24), 1-17.
  13. Stubben. Chris J.. Micheva-Viteva. Sofiya N.. Shou. Yulin. Buddenborg. Sarah K.. Dunbar. John M.. Hong-Geller. Elizabeth. 2014-05-19. Differential expression of small RNAs from Burkholderia thailandensis in response to varying environmental and stress conditions. BMC Genomics. 15. 1 . 385. 10.1186/1471-2164-15-385. 1471-2164. 4035088. 24884623 . free .

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