Bulimulidae Explained

Bulimulidae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to large, air-breathing, tropical and sub-tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.^[1]

Distribution

Distribution of species in the family Bulimulidae includes Ecuador (9 genera) and other South American countries. Some species also occur in North America.

Fossil record

The family's oldest fossil record dates from the late Cretaceous of Brazil (Itaboraí Basin).^{[2] [3]}

Anatomy

Members of this family have a haploid chromosome number between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).^[4]

Shells of species within Bostrycinae have a smooth protoconch and the genital organs feature a relatively long penis sheath (ca. 1/4–1/6 total phallus length).^[5]

Taxonomy

Previously, the members of the Orthalicidae were also included in this family, as the subfamily Orthalicinae, and the taxa listed here were placed in their own subfamily, the Bulimulinae.^[6]

2005 taxonomy

Bulimulinae was placed in the family Orthalicidae according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

The subfamily Bulimulinae included 3 tribes:

• Tribe Bulimulini Tryon, 1867 - synonyms: Bulimidae Guilding, 1828 (inv.); Berendtiinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1872; Bothiembryontidae Iredale, 1937
• Tribe Odontostomini Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898 - synonym: Tomogeridae Jousseaume, 1877
• Tribe Simpulopsini Schileyko, 1999

2010 taxonomy

Breure et al. (2010) moved Bothriembryon to Placostylidae (since 2012 as Bothriembryontidae), elevated Bulimulinae to Bulimulidae and Odontostomini to Odontostomidae.^[7]

2012 taxonomy

Breure & Romero (2012) confirmed previous results from 2010, additionally they elevated Simpulopsini to Simpulopsidae.^[8] There are three subfamilies within Bulimulidae:^[8]

• subfamily Bulimulinae Tryon, 1867
• subfamily Peltellinae Gray, 1855
• subfamily Bostrycinae Breure, 2012^{[8] [5]}

Genera

Genera in the family Bulimulidae include:

subfamily Bulimulinae Tryon, 1887: (synonym: Berendtiinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1872)

• Anctus E. von Martens, 1860
• Auris Spix, 1827
• Berendtia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1869
• Bocourtia Rochebrune, 1882
• Bulimulus Leach, 1814 - type genus of the subfamily Bulimulinae^[8]
• Cochlorina Jan, 1830
• Graptostracus Pilsbry, 1939
• Kora Simone, 2012^[9]
• Lopesianus Weyrauch, 1958
• Naesiotus Albers, 1850^{[10] [8]}
• Neopetraeus E. von Martens, 1885
• Newboldius Pilsbry, 1932
• Otostomus H. Beck, 1837
• Oxychona Mörch, 1852
• Protoglyptus Pilsbry, 1897^[11]
• Pseudoxychona Pilsbry, 1930
• Rabdotus Albers, 1850^[8]
• Scutalus Albers, 1850^{[12] [8]}
• Spartocentrum Dall, 1895
• Sphaeroconcha Breure, 1978
• Stenostylus Pilsbry, 1898^{[13] [11]}
• Suniellus Breure, 1978^[11]

subfamily Peltellinae

• Antidrymaeus Germain, 1907^[14]
• Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Peltella Gray, 1855 - type genus of the subfamily Peltellinae^[8]
• Mesembrinus Albers, 1850

subfamily Bostrycinae

• Bostryx Troschel, 1847 sensu lato^{[15] [8]} - type genus of the subfamily Bostrycinae^[8]

Unassigned within Bulimulidae

• Bulimus Bruguière, 1789 (temporary name)
• Itaborahia Maury, 1935^[2]
• † Oreoconus D. W. Taylor in McKenna et al., 1962
• † Palaeobulimulus Parodiz, 1949
• Stapafurdius Simone, 2021
• † Tocobaga Auffenberg, Slapcinsky & Portell, 2015

Synonyms

• Adzharia P. Hesse, 1933: synonym of Bulimulus Leach, 1814 (junior synonym)
• Antidrymaeus Germain, 1907: synonym of Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850 represented as Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Atahualpa Strebel, 1910: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Ataxellus Dall, 1912: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented asBostryx Troschel, 1847
• Ataxus Albers, 1850: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Bilamelliferus Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy)
• Cochlogena Férussac, 1821: synonym of Bulimulus Leach, 1814 (junior synonym)
• Diaphanomormus Weyrauch, 1964: synonym of Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850 represented as Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Elatibostryx Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Floreziellus Weyrauch, 1967: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy)
• Geoceras Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented as Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Globulinus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of Rabdotus Albers, 1850
• Goniognathmus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of Drymaeus Albers, 1850 (junior synonym)
• Hamadryas Albers, 1850: synonym of Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Hannarabdotus Emerson & Jacobson, 1964: synonym of Rabdotus Albers, 1850
• Kionoptyx Haas, 1966: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847 (junior synonymy)
• Kuschelenia Hylton Scott, 1951: synonym of Bocourtia (Kuschelenia) Hylton Scott, 1951 represented as Bocourtia Rochebrune, 1882
• Leptodrymaeus Pilsbry, 1946: synonym of Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850 represented as Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Leptomerus Albers, 1850: synonym of Bulimulus Leach, 1814
• Leptomormus Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) Albers, 1850 represented as Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Liostracus [sic]: synonym of Leiostracus Albers, 1850 (misspelling of original genus, Leiostracus Albers, 1850)
• Loboa Ihering, 1917: synonym of Bulimulus Leach, 1814
• Mormus E. von Martens, 1860: synonym of Drymaeus Albers, 1850
• Multifasciatus Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented as Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Naesiotellus Weyrauch, 1967: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847 (junior synonym)
• Navicula Spix, 1827: synonym of Cochlorina Jan, 1830
• Nesiotes E. von Martens, 1860: synonym of Naesiotus Albers, 1850
• Obstrussus Parodiz, 1946: synonym of Naesiotus Albers, 1850
• Olinodia Dall, 1920: synonym of Naesiotus (Reclasta) Dall, 1920 represented as Naesiotus Albers, 1850
• Orphaicus Schaufuss, 1869: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Orphnus Albers, 1850: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Orthotomium Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875: synonym of Rabdotus Albers, 1850
• Pachyotus H. Beck, 1837: synonym of Auris Spix, 1827
• Pachytholus Strebel, 1909: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Pampasinus Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Bostryx (Platybostryx) Pilsbry, 1896: synonym ofBostryx Troschel, 1847
• Peronaeus Albers, 1850: synonym of Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Phenacotaxus Dall, 1912: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented as Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Plecochilus Agassiz, 1846: synonym of Plekocheilus Guilding, 1827 (unjustified emendation)
• Pseudoperonaeus Weyrauch, 1958: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented as Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Pseudorhodea Dall, 1895: synonym of Rabdotus (Plicolumna) J.G. Cooper, 1895 represented as Rabdotus Albers, 1850
• Pyrgus Albers, 1850: synonym of Bostryx (Geopyrgus) Pilsbry, 1896 represented as Bostryx Troschel, 1847
• Rhabdotus [sic]: synonym of Rabdotus Albers, 1850 (incorrect subsequent spelling)
• Rhaphiellus L. Pfeiffer, 1856: synonym of Naesiotus Albers, 1850
• Rimatula Parodiz, 1946: synonym of Protoglyptus Pilsbry, 1897
• Saeronia Dall, 1920: synonym of Naesiotus Albers, 1850
• Semiclausaria L. Pfeiffer, 1856: synonym of Drymaeus Albers, 1850 (junior synonym)
• Siphalomphix Rafinesque, 1833: synonym of Bulimulus Leach, 1814
• Sonorina Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of Rabdotus (Leptobyrsus) Crosse & P. Fischer, 1875 represented as Rabdotus Albers, 1850
• Spiroscutalus Pilsbry, 1932: synonym of Scutalus Albers, 1850
• Stenostoma Spix, 1827: synonym of Anctus E. von Martens, 1860
• Tatutor Jousseaume, 1887: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Teneritia J. Mabille, 1898: synonym of Spartocentrum Dall, 1895
• Tholus Strebel, 1909: synonym of Thaumastus E. von Martens, 1860
• Xenothauma Fulton 1896:^{[16] [17]} synonym of Scutalus Albers, 1850
• Zaplagius Pilsbry, 1896: synonym of Cochlorina Jan, 1830

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference^[5]

• Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526

Further reading

• Neubert . E. . Janssen . R. . 2004 . Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 84: Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae (2), Orthalicidae, Placostylidae . Archiv für Molluskenkunde . 133 . 193–297 . 10.1127/arch.moll/133/2004/193 .
• Breure . Abraham S.H. . Ablett . Jonathan D. . Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London . ZooKeys . 21 March 2014 . 392 . 1–367 . 10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 . 24715782 . 3974435 . free . 2014ZooK..392....1B .

Notes and References

1. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Bulimulidae Tryon, 1867. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=549409 on 2020-06-27
2. Salvador . Rodrigo Brincalepe . Simone . Luiz Ricardo Lopes de . Taxonomic revision of the fossil pulmonate mollusks of Itaboraí Basin (Paleocene), Brazil . Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia . São Paulo . 2013 . 10.1590/S0031-10492013000200001 . free .
3. Web site: Cabrera . Fernanda . April 9, 2021 . Description of a new Late Cretaceous species of Bulimulus . July 19, 2022.
4. Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, . 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142. Cited as Bulimulidae in the source.
5. Breure . Abraham . The status of the genus Bostryx Troschel, 1847, with description of a new subfamily (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bulimulidae) . ZooKeys . 21 August 2012 . 216 . 1–3 . 10.3897/zookeys.216.3646 . 22936873 . 3426890 . free . 2012ZooK..216....1B .
6. Book: Pilsbry . Henry Augustus . Land Mollusca of North America: (north of Mexico) . 1939 . Academy of Natural Sciences . 978-1-4223-1778-5 .
7. Breure . A. S. H. . Groenenberg . D. S. J. . Schilthuizen . M. . New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data . Basteria . 1 January 2010 . 74 . 1/3 . 25–31 .
8. Breure . Abraham S.H. . Romero . Pedro E. . Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) . Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology . 1 June 2012 . 141 . 1 . 1–20 . 10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020 . 87138471 .
9. Salvador . Rodrigo B. . Simone . Luiz Ricardo L. . A new species of Kora from Bahia, Brazil (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea), with an emended diagnosis of the genus . Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural History . 2016 . 9 . 1 . 1–7 . 10.18476/sbna.v9.a1 . 86906091 .
10. Breure . A. S. H. . Caribbean land molluscs: Bulimulidae II. Plekocheilus and Naesiotus . Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands . 1 January 1975 . 46 . 1 . 71–93 .
11. Breure . Abraham . Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species . ZooKeys . 31 May 2011 . 101 . 1–50 . 10.3897/zookeys.101.1133 . 21747669 . 3118702 . free . 2011ZooK..101....1B .
12. Breure . A. S. H. . Systematics, phylogeny and zoogeography of Bulimulinae (Mollusca) . Zoologische Verhandelingen . 1 January 1979 . 168 . 1 . 3–200 .
13. Ardila . Mónica Lucía Vera . Lista de los géneros de moluscos terrestres de Colombia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Mesogastropoda y Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) . Biota Colombiana . 1 June 2008 . 9 . 1 .
14. Salvador . Rodrigo B. . Silva . Fernanda S. . Cavallari . Daniel C. . Köhler . Frank . Slapcinsky . John . Breure . Abraham S. H. . 2023-07-26 . Molecular phylogeny of the Orthalicoidea land snails: Further support and surprises . PLOS ONE . en . 18 . 7 . e0288533 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0288533 . free . 1932-6203 . 10370776 . 37494326. 2023PLoSO..1888533S .
15. Breure . Abraham S. H. . Borrero . Francisco J. . An annotated checklist of the land snail family Orthalicidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea) in Ecuador, with notes on the distribution of the mainland species . Zootaxa . 14 May 2008 . 1768 . 1 . 1–40 . 10.11646/zootaxa.1768.1.1 . 85664015 .
16. Abbott, R. Tucker, 1989. Compendium of Landshells. American Malacologists, Inc: Melbourne FL. 240 pp. .
17. [Arthur William Baden Powell|Powell, A. W. B.]