Bridelia grandis explained

Bridelia grandis is an evergreen tree within the Euphorbiaceae family, it occurs in secondary forests of Central and West Africa. Its wood is traded under the name Assas, a name it shares with Bridelia micrantha.[1] [2]

Description

The species is capable of reaching 30 meters in height, though usually smaller and reaching a diameter of about 80 cm.[3] Its trunk is straight and cylindrical, the bark is rough and deeply fissured with a dark brown to black appearance. Leaves: simple, alternate distichous arrangement, leathery surface texture, they are commonly red when young before growing into a dark green color at maturity; stipules present, 6 – 10 mm, petiole, 4 – 8 mm long. Leaf blade has an elliptic to obovate outline, apex is acuminate while the base is rounded to cuneate, length within a range of 6 – 14 cm and the width is within a range of 2 – 6 cm; it has persistent soft hairs beneath. Flower, unisexual and largely monoecious. Dark purple colored fruit when ripe with a fleshy mesocarp and hard endocarp.

Distribution

Occurs in West and Central Africa.

Chemistry

Polyphenols and condensed tannins can be extracted from the stem bark, extracts showed some effectiveness against oral streptococci.[4] [5]

Uses

Bark extracts used as ingredient in decoction to treat dysentery and improve lactation. In Cameroon, the Baka people use stem bark extracts to treat for oral cavity issues. Wood is used in furniture and canoe making.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Assas (Bridelia grandis). 2021-08-05. ITTO. en-US.
  2. Web site: Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill.. 2021-08-05. www.prota4u.org.
  3. Book: Voorhoeve, A. G.. Liberian high forest trees : a systematic botanical study of the 75 most important or frequent high forest trees, with reference to numerous related species. 1979. Pudoc. 90-220-0701-4. 2nd impr. Wageningen. 63303450.
  4. Ngueyem. T.A.. Brusotti. G.. Marrubini. G.. Grisoli. P.. Dacarro. C.. Vidari. G.. Finzi. P.Vita. Caccialanza. G.. 2008. Validation of use of a traditional remedy from Bridelia grandis (Pierre ex Hutch) stem bark against oral Streptococci. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. en. 120. 1. 13–16. 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.025. 18703125 .
  5. Brusotti. Gloria. Ngueyem. Tatiana Adrienne. Biesuz. Raffaela. Caccialanza. Gabriele. 2010. Optimum extraction process of polyphenols from Bridelia grandis stem bark using experimental design: Other Techniques. Journal of Separation Science. en. 33. 11. 1692–1697. 10.1002/jssc.200900717. 20309897 .