Bradenton, Florida Explained

Bradenton, Florida
Settlement Type:City
Motto:"The Friendly City"[1]
Mapsize:250x200px
Coordinates:27.4833°N -117°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:United States
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Florida
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Manatee
Established Title:Settled
Established Date:January 1842[2]
Established Title3:Incorporated (city)
Established Date3:May 19, 1903
Established Title4:Former names
Government Type:Mayor–Council
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Gene Brown[3]
Leader Title1:Vice Mayor
Leader Name1:Marianne Barnebey
Leader Title2:Councilors
Leader Name2:Jayne Kocher,
Josh Cramer,
Lisa Gonzalez Moore, and
Pam Coachman
Leader Title3:City Administrator
Leader Name3:Rob Perry
Leader Title4:City Clerk
Leader Name4:Tamara Melton
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[4]
Area Total Km2:45.32
Area Total Sq Mi:17.50
Area Land Km2:37.13
Area Land Sq Mi:14.34
Area Water Km2:8.19
Area Water Sq Mi:3.16
Area Water Percent:16.14
Elevation M:1.83
Elevation Ft:6
Population Total:55698
Population As Of:2020
Population Density Km2:1499.90
Population Density Sq Mi:3884.64
Population Density Metro Km2:auto
Population Density Metro Sq Mi:auto
Population Urban:779,075 (US: 57th)
Population Density Urban Km2:744.0
Population Density Urban Sq Mi:1,927.1
Population Metro:859,760 (US: 70th)
Timezone:EST
Utc Offset:-5:00
Timezone Dst:EDT
Utc Offset Dst:-4:00
Postal Code Type:ZIP Codes
Postal Code:34201–34212, 34280–34282
Area Code:941
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:12-07950[5]
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature ID
Blank1 Info:0279311[6]

Bradenton is a city in and the county seat[7] of Manatee County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city's population is 55,698, up from 49,546 at the 2010 census. It is a principal city in the North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk. Downtown Bradenton is also home to the Bishop Museum of Science and Nature.

To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota, beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, the Manatee River and Palmetto on the other side of it are to its north.

History

Late 18th and early 19th centuries

A settlement established by Maroons or escaped slaves named Angola existed in Bradenton's present area starting in the late 1700s and ending in 1821. It is believed to been spread out between the Manatee River (then known as Oyster River) all the way to Sarasota Bay. The community is estimated to have had 600–750 residents in it. Angola was a rather large maroon settlement as the Manatee River at that time was too shallow for US Navy vessels to navigate. The settlement was abandoned after the Creeks who were aligned with Andrew Jackson attacked Angola.[8] [9]

When the United States annexed Florida in 1821, there were two known claimants of land in the vicinity of Bradenton but neither of them was confirmed by the US federal government.[10]

Mid and late 19th century

Josiah Gates along with his family and eight slaves moved to the area where present-day Bradenton exists in January 1842 after being attracted to the area for its natural beauty. Gates thought the area would be a popular place for new settlers to arrive at because it was near Fort Brooke, and he also figured that while they were building their homes they would need a place to stay at temporarily. He built his home near present-day 15th Street East and his inn at another location naming it Gates House.[11] Gates is also credited as being the first known American settler in present-day Manatee County.[12]

Bradenton is named after Dr. Joseph Braden, whose nearby fort-like house was a refuge for early settlers during the Seminole Wars. Braden owned a sugar plantation in the area, covering and being worked by slave labor. Dr. Joseph Braden was originally from Virginia and relocated to Leon County in Florida shortly after its annexation by the United States in 1821 where he established a cotton plantation bringing his preexisting Virginia slaves along with him. After having financial difficulties from the Panic of 1837, he tried to reestablish himself financially in Manatee County in 1843 moving to the area along with his slaves.[13] To help with the shipment of sugar grown at the plantation, he constructed a pier in present-day Downtown Bradenton where ships could dock at and pick up sugar. Where the pier met the land he constructed a stockade getting the name of Fort Braden.[14] During the Third Seminole War, on April 6, 1856, Braden's fortified home was attacked by several Seminole Indians, one of the few, albeit small, direct engagements of the war.[15] Braden was financially successful with his plantation but ended up moving back to Leon County in 1857 because of a financial panic that occurred that year.

Major Alden Joseph Adams purchased 400 acres of land in 1876 between present-day Manatee Memorial Hospital and 9th Street East and build his home there in 1882. He named his three-story concrete home Villa Zanza. Alden was known for having many animals and a large amount of foliage at his home. At one point he owned over 300,000 acres of land in Manatee County. Major Alden Joseph Adams served in the Union Army during the American Civil War and eventually reached the rank of major. After the war he served in the US Secret Service and later as a newspaper correspondent for the New York Herald. He reported from Paris during the time when the Paris Commune existed. At one point he was asked to look for Dr. David Livingstone but declined and suggested that Henry Morton Stanley should look for him instead. Adams died in 1915, and his home was bought in 1924 with the intent of remodeling it. However it was not completed, and his home was demolished at some point in the late 1920s.[16] [17]

William I. Turner bought 7 acres from John Crews Pelot in 1877 and create a subdivision from that land creating what is now Bradenton. The land itself was plotted by Axel Emil Broberg and it contained 19 plots on both sides of what is 12th Street West along with a cross street that is currently 3rd Avenue. Turner sold the lots building a store and a warehouse along with[18] his own home where he lived at.[19]

The town was originally spelled "Braidentown," as a spelling error was made when it applied for a post office on May 9, 1878.[20] The first bridge across Wares Creek was built in 1886.[21] The following year, Bradenton was designated the county seat after DeSoto County was formed from eastern Manatee County, as the then county seat, Pine Level, was in the new county.[22] A county courthouse was built in 1890 at Courthouse Square.[23]

20th century

First half of the 20th century

Railroad service was extended from Palmetto across the Manatee River to Bradenton in 1902.[24] Bradenton was incorporated on May 19, 1903,[25] with 59 voting in favor of incorporating and 34 voting against it.[26] Shortly after incorporation, a local election was held to choose the city's first elected municipal officials. A.T Cornwell was elected as mayor, Robert H. Roesch as clerk and tax assessor, A.B. Murphy as treasurer and F. Dryman as tax collector along with seven city council members.[27] One of the earliest moves made by the municipal government was amending the name to "Bradentown".[28] [29] [30] However the name change would not be reflected with the US Postal Service until 1905.[31] On December 29, a streetcar line began operation going from Bradenton to the neighboring city of Manatee and went west crossing Wares Creek to the nearby community of Fogartyville.[32] [33] The company operating the line had financial difficulties, likely due to a lack of ridership, and cancelled the line in 1906.[34] [35] The Manavista Hotel was opened in January 1907 bordering the Manatee River on Main Street.[36]

The Davis Bridge, the first general traffic bridge across the Manatee River was opened in June 1910. It was a wooden toll bridge built by C.H. Davis that had one lane and passing spots. The bridge went from present-day 9th Street East (located within then nearby Manatee) to near where the Atwood Grapefruit Groves were located at west of Ellenton.[37] In 1912, the first road, Range Road leading from present-day Bradenton (then, Manatee) to Sarasota was built. Also during that year, the original county courthouse was bought and moved to a new location becoming a grade school for black students in the area, Lincoln Academy Grammar School. A new courthouse was built on the site of the old one which still stands today in the following year, 1913. The Victory Bridge was opened in August 1919 running from current 10th Street West in Bradenton to 8th Avenue in Palmetto. Funding for the bridge came from bond issues by both Bradenton and Palmetto. The bridge itself had two lanes and was made of wood. Its name came from the United States' recent victory in World War I against the Central Powers.[38] With the Victory Bridge's construction, the municipal government of Manatee attempted to buy Davis Bridge and make it public as a way to compete with Bradenton's Victory Bridge but the deal however never went through. The rest of the bridge ended up being dismantled with the exception of its draw section which was sold to county government and put into use for the Snead Island's Cut off bridge in 1920.

1920s and 1930s

Baseball spring training began in Bradenton with the construction of Ninth Street Park in 1923. The first team to train in the city was the St. Louis Cardinals, doing so for 1923 and 1924. The city council began the process of removing the "w" letter from its then name "Bradentown" in January 1925 and be completed on May 2, 1925, when the state Governor signed a bill relating to it making it official. All streets in the city were renamed in 1926 with a numbering system.[39]

After the collapse of the Florida land boom and the Great Depression starting, the city faced an economic downturn.[40] Along with an economic downturn, the city had financial issues as well with the city going into debt. During the Florida land boom, Bradenton borrowed money as a way to pay for infrastructure to areas that were considered outlying. As a result, the city retracted its municipal boundaries so it could not provide services to those areas and defaulted their municipal bonds as a result. After the municipal boundaries were retracted, the bonds were refunded, and residents who lived in the new boundaries would be responsible for paying it. Bradenton ended up eventually getting its bonds paid off.[41] Despite the economic downtown, several new projects were done in the city. A municipal pier (interchangeably referred to as Memorial pier) was built in 1927 with a building at its end. The pier itself still stands and the building at its end has served a variety of functions ever since.[42] As the Victory Bridge was deemed too unsafe to use after a hurricane hit it in 1926, the Green Bridge was built the following year in 1927 as a replacement to it. In the meantime, a ferry operated until the Green Bridge was built.[43] On July 22, 1931, a joint committee was appointed by the municipal city councils of Bradenton, Manatee, and Palmetto to consider and possibly even merge the three cities but nothing would come out of the committee in the end. A new post office building in 1937 was built on Manatee Avenue and 9th Street West as a Works Progress Administration project. The post office is still in operation.[44]

Compiled in the late 1930s and first published in 1939, the Florida guide listed Bradenton's population as being 5,986 and described it as:

1940s

Bradenton was affected by World War II like many other cities in Florida and the United States. During the war, Manatee County had its own Civil Defense battalion in it with two subunits existing in Bradenton and another for nearby Manatee. A recreational center was opened in March 1942 at a building on the intersection of 6th Avenue and 12th Street West in the downtown area to be used by soldiers. The recreation center closed in November 1945 and was popular with local soldiers and visited even by those who were stationed outside of Bradenton. Police Chief Clyde Benton expanded the police force by naming 45 officers to serve without pay during the war.[45] Camp Weatherford located at LECOM Field existed for eight months at some point during the war as a training center for the US Army Signal Corps. About 350 soldiers were trained there during its existence. The camp itself often had an issue with being flooded because of the rainy climate, showers at the camp occurring often, clothes being washed, its low elevation and is located nearby to Wares Creek. A soldier named Joe Grossman at the camp ran a radio show broadcasting on WSPB called Weatherford Shinings. Local residents accommodated the troops stationed at the base in a variety of ways.[46] Bradenton merged with nearby Manatee (incorporated in 1888) in 1943. Manatee faced similar financial problems as Bradenton did in regards to their bonds and faced high debt levels as a result but Manatee could not pay off the bonds.[47]

Second half of the 20th century

Mayor A. Sterling Hall took office in January 1948. During his tenure lasting the next 20 years before retiring, the city was radically transformed. While serving as mayor he was considered progressive in his time period when it came to racial issues. As mayor, he created a municipal housing authority and also do slum clearance. He created quality housing for black residents along with paving streets, bringing sewage service, water, and expanded garbage collection services to black neighborhoods.[48] Despite Mayor Hall's racial progressiveness, a Ku Klux Klan march occurred during his tenure in 1958 between Palmetto and Bradenton. The reason for the march was in response to a black group asking the county school board to either give them a new school building in Bradenton or integrate junior and senior high schools in the county.[49] The Manavista Hotel was demolished in 1959 and replaced with a motel and later a retirement community.[50] During the 1960s the Manatee River was dredged, and an area nicknamed "the Sandpile" was formed getting developed over the course of the rest of the 20th century and the 21st century. During the Civil Rights Movement, Mayor Hall tried to make desegregation come about in his city in a nonviolent manner. Lunch counters were desegregated sometime during 1960[51] and a biracial commission was created during the summer of 1963.[52]

Bradenton built a new city hall located on 15th Street West bordering Wares Creek in January 1970 as a replacement to their location on 13th Street West, which the city had used since 1913.[53] [54] Governor Claude R. Kirk Jr. arrived in Bradenton on April 6, 1970, in an attempt to stop Manatee County School District's desegregation busing. When he arrived he suspended the district superintendent along with the school district, leading to the district stopping the busing of 2,500 students and 107 teachers. During February he threatened to impeach a federal judge and said he would not sign checks that would pay for busing students. He stayed in the Manatee County School District's Administration building then located at the corner of 9th Avenue and 14th Street[55] for a week before being threatened with a $10,000 fine per day if he continued to stay in the building and was unsuccessful with preventing bussing.[56] The 8-floor Hotel Dixie Grande, which opened in April 1926, was demolished in August 1974.[57]

The Green Bridge was replaced in 1986. The city hall moved to a new location on 12th Street West in November 1998 after the property was sold to a local resident with the intention of redeveloping it but plans never materialized.

21st century

The local resident who had owned the former city hall property along Wares Creek sold it to a development group sometime in 2004, and it was demolished in December 2004. The Bradenton Riverwalk, a 1.5-mile long park along the Manatee River opened in October 2012.[58] McKechnie Field, the spring training stadium for the Pittsburgh Pirates, was renamed LECOM Park in February 2017.[59]

Historic properties

Historic properties in Bradenton include:

Geography

The approximate coordinates for the City of Bradenton is located at 27.4833°N -117°W.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Bradenton has a total area of 14.44sqmi, of which 12.11sqmi is land and 2.33sqmi (16.14%) is water.

Bradenton is located on US 41 between Tampa and Sarasota. The area is surrounded by waterways, both fresh and saltwater. Along the Gulf of Mexico and into Tampa Bay are over 20miles of Florida beaches, many of which are shaded by Australian pines. Bordered on the north by the Manatee River, Bradenton is located on the mainland and is separated from the outer barrier islands of Anna Maria Island and Longboat Key by the Intracoastal Waterway.

Downtown Bradenton is located in the northwest area of the city. Home to many of Bradenton's offices and government buildings, the tallest is the Bradenton Financial Center, 12 stories high, with its blue-green windows. The next tallest is the brand new Manatee County Judicial Center with nine floors, located next to the historic courthouse. Other major downtown buildings include the Manatee County Government building and the headquarters of the School Board of Manatee County.

Climate

Bradenton has a typical Central Florida humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by hot, humid summers and warm winters. Bradenton borders a tropical climate, with only one month (January) having a mean temperature below, which is the threshold for a tropical climate.

Demographics

Bradenton is a principal city of the North Port–Sarasota–Bradenton metropolitan statistical area, which had a population of 833,716 as of 2020.[60]

2010 and 2020 census

Bradenton racial composition
(Hispanics excluded from racial categories)
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
!Race!Pop 2010[61] !Pop 2020[62] !% 2010!% 2020
White (NH)31,91833,56864.42%60.27%
Black or African American (NH)7,6937,84015.53%14.08%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH)841100.17%0.20%
Asian (NH)5237731.06%1.39%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH)30530.06%0.10%
Some other race (NH)852420.17%0.43%
Two or more races/Multiracial (NH)7891,8831.59%3.38%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)8,42411,22917.00%20.16%
Total49,54655,698

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 55,698 people, 22,350 households, and 13,033 families residing in the city.[63]

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 49,546 people, 21,120 households, and 12,341 families residing in the city.[64]

2000 census

As of the census[5] of 2000, there were 49,504 people, 21,379 households, and 12,720 families residing in the city. The population density was 4088.5sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 24,887 housing units at an average density of 2055.4sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the city was 78.14% White, 15.11% African American, 0.79% Asian, 0.29% Native American, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 3.91% from other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.26% of the population.

In 2000, there were 21,379 households, out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.85.

In 2000, in the city 21.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 25.4% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.

In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $34,902, and the median income for a family was $42,366. Males had a median income of $28,262 versus $23,292 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,133. About 9.7% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Tropicana Products was founded in Bradenton in 1947 by Anthony T. Rossi, an Italian immigrant. By 2004 it had over 8,000 employees and marketed its products throughout the United States. PepsiCo, Inc., acquired it in 1998. Tropicana's Juice Trains have been running to northern markets via CSX and predecessor railroads since 1971. In 2003, Pepsi relocated Tropicana's corporate headquarters to Chicago after it acquired Gatorade and consolidated its non-carbonated beverage businesses. However, their juice production facilities remain in Bradenton.[65]

Champs Sports, a nationwide sports apparel chain, is headquartered in Bradenton.[66] The department store chain Bealls is also headquartered in Bradenton.[67]

Bradenton was significantly affected by the United States housing market correction, as reported by CNN, projecting a 24.8% loss in median home values by the third quarter of 2008.[68] Real estate has shown a recovery since 2012, as home prices stabilize and inventory subsides.

Transportation

Bradenton is served by Sarasota-Bradenton International Airport and is connected to St. Petersburg by the Sunshine Skyway Bridge. The Sunshine Skyway is a 5.51NaN1 cross-bay bridge that rises 250feet above the bay at its highest point. Remnants of the old Skyway bridge have been converted into a fishing pier extending into Tampa Bay from both sides of the bay.

Manatee County Area Transit (MCAT) buses serve Bradenton along with the cities/communities of Palmetto, Ellenton, Anna Maria, Holmes Beach, Bradenton Beach, Longboat Key, Tallevast and Samoset, with transfers to Sarasota and St. Petersburg. Free trolleys run north–south on Anna Maria Island, as well as to/from various points on the mainland. Amtrak charter buses run through downtown Bradenton outside the courthouse to Tampa Union Station and Venice.

Government

The city is governed by a city council with five members. Each of the members are residents of one of the five wards. The city council selects the city's vice mayor. The mayor is elected at-large for a four-year term, as are the five council members.[69]

Media

Newspapers

Radio stations

Bradenton is located in the Sarasota-Bradenton radio market. It also receives many stations from the nearby Tampa-St. Petersburg market.

The stations listed below are located and/or licensed in Bradenton or Manatee County:

Television stations

WSNN-LD is based in Sarasota but transmits from Manatee County. WWSB channel 40, the local ABC affiliate, is based in Sarasota, but has a transmitter in Parrish, northeast of Bradenton; it is seen on cable channel 7 on most cable systems in the area. WXPX-TV channel 66, the local Ion Television affiliate, is licensed in Bradenton, with its transmitter in Riverview in Hillsborough County.

Education

Manatee County Public Schools operates area public schools. Schools in the city limits include:

The State College of Florida, Manatee-Sarasota's (SCF) main campus is located in Bayshore Gardens, and State College of Florida Collegiate School has a campus on the SCF Bradenton campus.[70] [71]

Culture

Bradenton is home to the Washington Park neighborhood, a historically African American Community where Lincoln Academy was located.[72] [73]

Bradenton is home to the Village of the Arts, a renovated neighborhood immediately south of downtown where special zoning laws allow residents to live and work in their homes. Many of these once dilapidated houses have been converted into studios, galleries, small restaurants and other small businesses. The Village of the Arts promotes its 'First Fridays' activities celebrating the seasons and different holidays. The Village of the Arts remains the largest arts district on the Gulf Coast.

The Manatee Players, who reside at the Manatee Performing Arts Center, have a three-year record of first-place wins within the Florida Theatre Conference and the Southeastern Theatre Conference competitions. In addition, the theatre currently holds the first place title from the American Association of Community Theatre competition.

Located on the Manatee River in downtown Bradenton is the South Florida Museum, Bishop Planetarium and Parker Manatee Aquarium. This one-stop museum-planetarium-aquarium offers a glimpse of Florida history, a star and multimedia show, and ongoing lecture and film series. The Parker Manatee Aquarium was the permanent home to Manatee County's most famous resident and official mascot, Snooty, the manatee. Born at the Miami Aquarium and Tackle Company on July 21, 1948, Snooty was one of the first recorded captive manatee births. He was the oldest manatee in captivity, and likely the oldest manatee in the world.[74] On July 23, 2017, two days after his 69th birthday, Snooty died as the result of drowning.[75]

ArtCenter Manatee is the center for art and art education in Manatee County. The nearly 10000square feet building in downtown Bradenton features three galleries, five classrooms, an Artists' Market gift shop and an art library featuring over 3,000 art volumes.

The nonprofit organization Realize Bradenton works with the above-listed cultural partners to promote Downtown Bradenton as a destination for the arts. It also produces events in the downtown area with a focus on arts and culture.[76]

Additionally, the town is the subject of the We the Kings song "This Is Our Town"; they, as well as the band Have Gun, Will Travel originate from Bradenton.

Sports

Bradenton is the spring training home of Major League Baseball's Pittsburgh Pirates who play their home games at downtown's LECOM Park. During the regular baseball season, the stadium is home to the minor league Bradenton Marauders who play in the Florida State League in Class A-Advanced.

The city is home to the State College of Florida, Manatee–Sarasota Manatees sports teams.

Manatee County high schools produce several teams including Manatee High School whose football team was nationally ranked in the 1950s, 1980s, and 1990s and regained their national status in 2009. Manatee High School has won five football state championships. Bradenton is also home to the IMG Academy, the home of the U.S U-17 residential soccer program.

The Concession Golf Club in Bradenton was home of the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship.

Bradenton and Sarasota together held the 2021 U-18 Baseball World Cup.[77]

Points of interest

Notable people

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: April 26, 2021 . Welcome to the Friendly City! . City of Bradenton.
  2. Book: Favorite. Merab-Michal. Bradenton. 2013. Arcadia Publishing. 978-0-7385-9078-3. 129. June 9, 2014.
  3. Web site: April 26, 2021 . Mayor & Council . City of Bradenton.
  4. Web site: 2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. October 31, 2021.
  5. Web site: U.S. Census website . . January 31, 2008 .
  6. October 19, 1979 . April 26, 2021.
  7. Web site: Find a County . June 7, 2011 . National Association of Counties . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx . May 31, 2011 .
  8. News: White. Dale. September 8, 2016. When Bradenton was a home for escaped slaves. The Florida Times-Union. May 1, 2021.
  9. Web site: Eger. Issac. June 27, 2018. A Newly Excavated Settlement Highlights Florida's History as a Haven for Escaped Slaves. live. 2021-05-01. Sarasota Magazine. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20200725062045/https://www.sarasotamagazine.com/news-and-profiles/2018/06/a-newly-excavated-settlement-highlights-florida-s-history-as-a-haven-for-escaped-slaves . July 25, 2020 .
  10. Book: Congress, United States. American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States .... 1860. Gales and Seaton. en. Land Claims in East Florida. https://books.google.com/books?id=KG8zAQAAMAAJ.
  11. Web site: Favorite. Merab. November 12, 2017. Sunday Favorites: The First Settler. live. 2021-05-16. The Bradenton Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20210516171311/https://thebradentontimes.com/sunday-favorites-the-first-settler-p19239-133.htm . May 16, 2021 .
  12. Web site: King. Carl. April 19, 1972. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. live. May 16, 2021. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. 6–7. https://web.archive.org/web/20210516171311/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5083 . May 16, 2021 .
  13. Web site: King. Carl. 1979–1982. Speech by Carl King "The Plantation Builders". live. 2021-04-25. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210425164823/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5428 . April 25, 2021 .
  14. Web site: King. Carl. March 26, 1983. Speech by Carl King "Boat Tour on Anna Maria Sound and Manatee River". live. 2021-05-21. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210521133336/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/6697 . May 21, 2021 .
  15. Book: Knetsch . Joe . Florida's Seminole wars, 1817-1858 . 2003 . Arcadia Pub . Charleston, SC . 9781589730786 . 153.
  16. Web site: Major Adams' Castle, Bradentown. live. 2021-05-21. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210521015138/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/821 . May 21, 2021 .
  17. Web site: Favorite. Merab-Michal. January 8, 2012. Community Sunday Favorites: Villa Zanza and the Eccentric Major Adams. live. 2021-05-21. The Bradenton Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20210521015138/https://thebradentontimes.com/community-sunday-favorites-villa-zanza-and-the-eccentric-major-adams-p9938-158.htm . May 21, 2021 .
  18. Web site: 1983. Gladys Turner Pittman with Bradenton's First Post Office Marker. live. December 30, 2021. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. Photograph. JPEG. https://web.archive.org/web/20211230153606/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll1/id/10685/rec/3 . December 30, 2021 .
  19. Web site: Turner. Mrs. William Jr.. October 15, 1975. Speech by Mrs. William S. Turner, Jr. "Major William I. Turner". live. December 30, 2021. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. 7. https://web.archive.org/web/20211230153604/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/6493/rec/2 . December 30, 2021 .
  20. Web site: King. Carl. May 17, 1978. Speech by Carl King "The Story of Bradenton. 2020-08-03. Manatee County Public Library Digital Collection. en.
  21. Web site: Residences on Wares Creek, Bradentown. 2020-09-02. Manatee County Public Library System Digital Collection. en.
  22. Web site: Manatee County Courthouse from the 1890s. 2020-08-14. Manatee County Public Library Digital Collection.
  23. Web site: 1896–1907. Manatee County Court House, Bradentown. 2020-10-18. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en.
  24. Web site: Gibson. Pamela. February 1985. Speech by Pamela Gibson "Railroads of Manatee County". 2020-09-26. Manatee County Public Library Digital Collection. en.
  25. Book: Hall, A. Sterling. Speech by A. Sterling Hall "Bradenton Municipal Government". 1970. 2.
  26. Web site: Parvin. Elizabeth. May 15, 1970. Early Cultural and Social Life of Manatee County. live. 2021-05-17. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210517003348/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/73 . May 17, 2021 .
  27. Web site: Thompson. Sharyn. October 24, 1983. 1903 Banner Year for Bradentown. live. 2021-04-25. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. 2. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210425171351/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5484 . April 25, 2021 .
  28. Porter, M. (2014). Manatee history matters. Bradenton Herald. Retrieved from https://www.bradenton.com/news/local/article34739931.html
  29. News: The Legends Behind Manatee Names . Sarasota Herald-Tribune . November 23, 1979 . June 6, 2015 . Grimes, David . 1B . https://web.archive.org/web/20150904105630/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4zogAAAAIBAJ&sjid=s2cEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5933%2C4186421 . September 4, 2015 . live . mdy-all .
  30. Web site: Poston. Wayne. January 15, 2003. Speech by Wayne Poston "Past and Future of Bradenton". 2020-08-03. Manatee County Public Library System Digital Collection. en.
  31. Web site: Thompson. Sharyn. October 24, 1983. 1903 Banner Year for Bradentown. live. 2021-04-25. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210425171351/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5483 . April 25, 2021 .
  32. Web site: Slusser. Cathy. March 21, 2001. Speech by Cathy Slusser "Manatee County History". 2020-08-03. Manatee County Public Library System Digital Collection. en.
  33. Web site: Lambert. Joe. January 21, 1987. Speech by Joe Lambert "The Graham-Davis House". 2020-08-16. Manatee County Public Library System Digital Collection. en.
  34. Web site: Poston. Wayne. January 15, 2003. Speech by Wayne Poston "Past and Future of Bradenton". 2020-08-03. Manatee County Public Library System – Digital Collection. en.
  35. Web site: 1900s. Manatee County Courthouse. 2020-08-03. Manatee County Public Library System – Digital Collection. en.
  36. News: Russell. Cindy. November 18, 2014. Manatee History Matters: The Manavista Hotel was Bradenton's first 'sky scraper'. The Bradenton Herald. May 31, 2021.
  37. Web site: 1910. Davis Bridge over Manatee River. live. 2021-05-27. Manatee County Digital Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard. https://web.archive.org/web/20210527020432/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/770 . May 27, 2021 .
  38. Web site: Gibson. Pamela. 1985. Speech by Pamela Gibson "Some Early Bridges of Manatee County, North to South, East to West". live. 2021-05-27. Manatee County Public Library Collection: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210527020432/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5514 . May 27, 2021 .
  39. Web site: 1914. Postcard of Prospect Avenue Looking North from Manatee Avenue, Bradentown. live. 2021-04-12. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210412211005/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/2864%20(for%20note) . April 12, 2021 .
  40. Web site: King. Carl. May 17, 1978. Speech by Carl King "Real Estate Trends in Manatee County". live. 2021-05-16. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection.. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210516184951/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5910 . May 16, 2021 .
  41. Web site: Hall. A. Sterling. November 18, 1970. Speech by A. Sterling Hall "Bradenton Municipal Government". live. 2021-05-16. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210517131638/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/6828 . May 17, 2021 .
  42. Web site: Kropp Co. E.C.. 1935. Municipal Pier, Bradenton. live. 2021-05-18. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard. https://web.archive.org/web/20210518141610/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/398 . May 18, 2021 .
  43. Web site: Co.. Gulfstream Card. 2002–2010. Bradenton, Florida. live. 2021-05-22. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard. https://web.archive.org/web/20210522151606/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/2663 . May 22, 2021 .
  44. Web site: Sales Co.. Hartman Litho. 1947. U.S. Post Office, Bradenton. live. 2021-05-18. County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard. https://web.archive.org/web/20210518141610/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/743 . May 18, 2021 .
  45. Web site: Warren. G.. Speech by Lt.Col. G. Warren Johnson Jr "World War II Comes to Manatee County". live. 2021-06-03. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210603133927/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/4887 . June 3, 2021 .
  46. Web site: Favorite. Merab. March 3, 2019. Sunday Favorites: Camp Weatherford. live. June 3, 2021. The Bradenton Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20210603133929/https://thebradentontimes.com/sunday-favorites-camp-weatherford-p20645-133.htm . June 3, 2021 .
  47. News: Mannix, Vin. June 17, 2007. The founding of the Manatee settlement. Bradenton Herald. dead. August 15, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071009120719/http://www.bradenton.com/681/story/49041.html. October 9, 2007.
  48. Web site: Roundtree. Craig. November 18, 1991. Speech by Craig Roundtree "Mayors of the City of Bradenton, Past and Present". live. 2021-05-22. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210522151607/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll2/id/5272 . May 22, 2021 .
  49. News: Marth. Del. March 9, 1958. KKK rally in Bradenton, rides through quarters, police and sheriff disagree. Tampa Bay Times. August 5, 2021.
  50. Web site: The Manavista Hotel, Bradenton. live. 2021-05-31. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Archives. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213406/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/65 . June 2, 2021 .
  51. News: the Student Voice. August 1960. STATE REPORTS – FLORIDA. the Student Voice. July 5, 2021.
  52. https://www.crmvet.org/docs/6312_src_crsummary.pdf Southern Regional Council, Inc. - "CIVIL RIGHTS: YEAR-END Summary", Dec 31, 1963
  53. Web site: Card Distributors. West Coast. 1971–1978. Bradenton City Hall. 2021-05-28. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard.
  54. Web site: Pharmacy. Thomas'. 1913–1917. City Hall and Fire Station, Bradentown. 2021-05-28. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard.
  55. Web site: Manatee County High School. live. 2021-06-10. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210610161943/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll4/id/668 . June 10, 2021 .
  56. Web site: Protest march during Governor Kirk's busing Crisis. live. 2021-06-10. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20210610161945/https://cdm16681.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16681coll1/id/20398 . June 10, 2021 .
  57. Web site: Co.. Asheville postcard. 1934–1941. Seasons Best Greeting, Hotel Dixie Grande. 2021-05-28. Manatee County Public Library System: Digital Collection. en. Postcard.
  58. News: Hice. Sandra. October 16, 2012. New Bradenton Riverwalk Revives City's Sense Of Place. 83 degrees. Issue Media Group. May 22, 2021.
  59. News: February 10, 2017. Pirates' spring training home renamed LECOM Park. USA Today. June 3, 2021.
  60. Web site: City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2020; Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019; April 1, 2020; and July 1, 2020 (SUB-EST2020) . U.S. Census Bureau . October 24, 2023.
  61. Web site: P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Bradenton city, Florida. United States Census Bureau.
  62. Web site: P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Bradenton city, Florida. United States Census Bureau.
  63. Web site: S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: Bradenton city, Florida. United States Census Bureau.
  64. Web site: S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: Bradenton city, Florida. United States Census Bureau.
  65. Web site: May 14, 2020 . Look inside Tropicana plant in Bradenton reveals manufacturing operation with precise processes, staggering numbers . Business Observer . Ferguson . Grier . March 22, 2019.
  66. Web site: April 13, 2021 . Business owner grew large coaching . June 17, 2010 . Business Observer . Staff.
  67. Web site: April 13, 2021 . Our History . Beall's, Inc..
  68. Web site: Christie. Les. Double-digit home price drops coming. CNN. May 6, 2011. May 6, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110515010523/https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/19/real_estate/steep_home_price_drops_coming/index.htm?cnn=yes. May 15, 2011. live.
  69. Web site: City of Bradenton Charter. live. March 15, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20201016232458/https://cityofbradenton.com/vertical/Sites/%7B98CFEB92-7265-45CB-AF6F-7115C2CD7C81%7D/uploads/Subpart_A___CHARTER.pdf . October 16, 2020 .
  70. Web site: Locations. State College of Florida, Manatee–Sarasota. 2019-07-09. SCF Bradenton 5840 26th St. W., Bradenton, FL 34207. – Campus map here, which indicates the exact location of SCFCS.
  71. Web site: 2010 CENSUS – CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Bayshore Gardens CDP, FL. U.S. Census Bureau. 2019-07-09.
  72. Web site: CONTENTdm .
  73. Web site: Lincoln High School Historical Marker .
  74. Book: . Snooty the Manatee. South Florida Museum . 978-1-56944-441-2.
  75. News: Snooty the famous manatee dies in 'heartbreaking accident' days after his 69th birthday. Katie. Mettler. July 24, 2017. January 13, 2018. The Washington Post. https://web.archive.org/web/20180110031423/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2017/07/24/snooty-the-manatee-dies-in-heartbreaking-accident-days-after-his-69th-birthday/. January 10, 2018. live.
  76. January Holmes and Carl Mario Nudi, "Realizing Bradenton's culture potential", Bradenton Herald, May 14, 2010
  77. Web site: Press Conference: "The XXX WBSC U-18 Baseball World Cup will be blessed by Florida hospitality" . WBSC . World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) . 10 September 2022.
  78. Web site: Robinson Preserve. Manatee County Government. June 19, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180619163526/http://www.mymanatee.org/home/government/departments/parks-and-recreation/natural-resources/preserves/robinson-preserve.html. June 19, 2018. live.
  79. News: Anderson . Chris . March 11, 2019 . When Hank Aaron lived in a segregated Bradenton . May 24, 2021 . The St. Augustine Record.
  80. March 7, 2003 . SI.com – Sports Illustrated – The Magazine – Who's Next? Freddy Adu . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110615024200/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/si_online/news/2003/03/03/freddy/ . June 15, 2011 . February 21, 2011 . Sports Illustrated.
  81. Web site: USTA Player Development Hires Former Top 100 Player Hugo Armando as USTA Coach . 2024-01-08 . TennisIndustryMag.
  82. Web site: Sekou Bangoura . 2024-01-15 . ATP Tour.
  83. Web site: Waite Bellamy . 2024-01-15 . NASL Jerseys.
  84. News: Baker . Matt . 2022-10-22 . How 2 Manatee County families helped the nation’s top rusher reach stardom . 2024-01-08 . Tampa Bay Times.
  85. Web site: Jim Boyd . 2024-01-15 . Florida Senate.
  86. News: Kennedy . Sara . 2009-08-31 . A win for the ages . 2024-01-08 . The Bradenton Herald.
  87. News: McKibben . Dave . 1997-09-29 . Cacic Glad She Extended Her Stay in U.S. . 2024-01-08 . Los Angeles Times.
  88. News: 2022-01-27 . Gene Clines, part of 1st MLB all-minority lineup, dies at 75 . 2024-01-15 . Associated Press.
  89. News: Huber . Mic . 2011-04-13 . Larcher de Brito beats training partner . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  90. News: Polen . Richard . 2014-07-22 . Wimbledon juniors runner-up adjusting to pro tournaments . 2024-01-15 . The Joplin Globe.
  91. Web site: Ed Culpepper . 2024-01-15 . Pro-Football-Reference.com.
  92. News: Huber . Mic . 2009-09-04 . This 'Hit Man' from Moscow is unbeatable ... and only 9 . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  93. News: Huber . Mic . 2010-03-30 . Bradenton's Dent in Sarasota Open . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  94. Web site: Steinberg . Steve . Bill Doak . 2024-01-08 . Society for American Baseball Research.
  95. Web site: Eric DuBose . 2024-01-15 . Major League Baseball.
  96. News: Jones . Terry . 2005-10-17 . Dunn heads for Canada to wrap up successful summer . 2024-01-15 . Tampa Bay Times.
  97. News: Fendrich . Howard . 2012-08-28 . Bubbly Bradenton teen enjoys night with Clijsters at Open . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  98. Web site: Tyler Dyson's Braden River High School Career . 2024-01-07 . MaxPreps.
  99. News: Dopirak . Dustin . 2019-11-14 . ‘It seems like a movie’: Purdue’s new big man Zach Edey was on skates until two years ago . 2024-02-15 . The Athletic.
  100. News: Runnells. Charles. February 19, 2020. Moody Blues' John Lodge talks hometown show, new album, saluting Ray Thomas, Naples condo. Naples Daily News. November 27, 2021.
  101. Web site: Pee Wee Ellis Concert & Tour History . 2024-01-15 . Concert Archives.
  102. News: Wilson . David . 2017-05-04 . Braden River's Deshaun Fenwick discusses commitment to South Carolina . 2024-01-07 . The Bradenton Herald.
  103. Web site: Randy York's N-Sider: Tommie Frazier – Huskers.com – Nebraska Athletics Official Web Site . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110712232337/http://www.huskers.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=100&ATCLID=1555187 . July 12, 2011 . February 21, 2011 . huskers.com . mdy-all.
  104. Web site: Sammy Green . 2024-01-15 . Pro-Football-Reference.com.
  105. News: Perkins . Pete . 2009-04-11 . Siegfried reaches out, finds talented WR . 2024-01-08 . Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.
  106. News: Brockman . Jim . 2022-04-12 . Bradenton's Christian Harrison hopes to make a run at Sarasota Open . 2024-01-08 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  107. Web site: Teri Marie Harrison Playboy . 2024-01-15 . Playboy.
  108. News: Tignor . Steve . 2023-05-24 . Holding Court with...Jamea Jackson . 2024-01-08 . Tennis.com.
  109. News: Oliver . Myrna . 1997-09-20 . Helen Jepson; Opera Star of '30s and '40s . 2024-01-15 . Los Angeles Times.
  110. Web site: Nowlin . Bill . Hank Johnson . 2024-01-08 . sabr.org . Society for American Baseball Research.
  111. Web site: Juncheng Shang . 2024-01-08 . DB4Tennis.
  112. News: 1991-03-21 . Al Klink; Big-Band Saxophone Player . 2024-01-15 . Los Angeles Times.
  113. Web site: July 21, 2021 . This Bradenton Family Has a Tennis Star and Two Olympic-Bound Golfers . Sarasotamagazine.com.
  114. Web site: Michaella Krajicek . https://web.archive.org/web/20121001200615/http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Latest/0%2C%2C12781~10870%2C00.html . October 1, 2012 . April 26, 2021 . Women's Tennis Association.
  115. Web site: Rick Lamb – Official PGA TOUR Profile . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180115001734/https://www.pgatour.com/players/player.46732.rick-lamb.html . January 15, 2018 . January 13, 2018 . PGA Tour.
  116. News: Hogg . Curt . 2019-01-26 . Five-star DE sophomore JC Latham transferring to IMG Academy . 2024-02-15 . USA Today.
  117. Web site: Kelvin McKnight . 2024-01-15 . Samford University.
  118. News: Young . Pete . 2006-06-20 . STRENGTH VS. STRENGTH // Remember the name Adrian McPherson . https://web.archive.org/web/20240115183451/https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2000/12/01/strength-vs-strength-remember-the-name-adrian-mcpherson/ . dead . January 15, 2024 . 2024-01-15 . Tampa Bay Times.
  119. Web site: Ahmad Miller . 2024-01-15 . ESPN.
  120. Web site: SHINTARO MOCHIZUKI OF IMG ACADEMY WINS 2019 WIMBLEDON BOYS' SINGLES TITLE . 2024-01-08 . IMG Academy.
  121. Web site: Rogers III . C. Paul . Johnny Moore . 2024-01-08 . Society for American Baseball Research.
  122. Web site: Sheridan . Phil . March 13, 2011 . Phil Sheridan: Moyer eyes 2012 comeback . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110318101206/http://www.philly.com/philly/sports/phillies/20110313_Phil_Sheridan__Moyer_eyes_2012_comeback.html . March 18, 2011 . March 29, 2013 . The Philadelphia Inquirer.
  123. News: 2014-04-08 . Naoka Nakagawa stays aggressive, wins USTA Internationals . 2024-01-08 . Daily Breeze.
  124. News: Dill . Jason . 2017-02-08 . Hometown Heroes Brian Poole and Sharrod Neasman deserve cheers for reaching the Super Bowl . 2024-01-08 . The Bradenton Herald.
  125. News: Pratt . Steve . 2015-09-10 . Tennis: Neel, partner eliminated at U.S. Open Junior . 2024-01-08 . Post-Bulletin.
  126. Web site: Ryan Neuzil's Braden River High School Career . 2024-01-07 . MaxPreps.
  127. Web site: Marshall . Ashley . 2019-02-19 . BLACK HISTORY MONTH: WHITNEY OSUIGWE . 2024-01-15 . United States Tennis Association.
  128. Web site: ESPN.com: TENNIS – IMG factory churns out talent . 2022-06-16 . ESPN.
  129. News: Winegardner . Mark . 2011-12-27 . The Mavericks' Satnam Singh becomes NBA's first Indian-born player . 2024-02-15 . ESPN.
  130. Web site: Myles Straw Class of 2013 . 2024-01-07 . Perfect Game.
  131. News: 2003-08-08 . Sharapova, Taylor, Rao having summer success . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  132. Web site: John Reeves Biography . 2024-01-15 . ESPN.
  133. Web site: Austin Reiter . 2024-01-08 . USF Athletics.
  134. Web site: Patrik Rikl . 2024-01-08 . Stevegtennis.com.
  135. News: Basse . Craig . 1993-01-26 . Anthony Rossi, founder of Tropicana, dead at 92 . 2024-01-08 . Tampa Bay Times.
  136. News: Anderson . Chris . 2018-07-19 . "The final shot of Clifford’s life is good" . 2024-01-08 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  137. Web site: Ace Sanders . 2024-01-15 . ESPN.
  138. News: Pentz . Perry D. . 2007-07-17 . Robby Stevenson played in 2 NCAA national championship games . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  139. News: Newberg . Josh . 2018-08-22 . Willie Taggart takes us on a tour of his old neighborhood . 2024-01-15 . 247Sports.
  140. News: Huber . Mic . 2002-12-10 . Smashnova, Taylor among early entrants . 2024-01-15 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  141. Web site: ABOUT CHARLES . 2024-01-15 . Charles Trippy.
  142. Web site: Player Bio: Peter Warrick . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110716035941/http://www.seminoles.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/warrick_peter00.html . July 16, 2011 . February 21, 2011 . Seminoles.
  143. Web site: 2009-05-13 . Fabian Washington Interview . 2024-01-08 . Baltimore Beatdown.
  144. News: Waters . Mike . 2020-08-12 . How coronavirus concerns played a role in Syracuse basketball commit Benny Williams’ transfer to IMG Academy . 2024-02-15 . Syracuse.com.
  145. News: 2014-01-07 . EX-FSU, Southeast High star Todd Williams dead at 35 . 2024-01-15 . Bay News 9.
  146. News: Scarella . Michael . 2007-04-19 . Former NFL player going to jail for battery on a Manatee County deputy . 2024-01-08 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
  147. News: Handelman . Jay . 2014-01-15 . Bradenton student Sam Woolf advances to Hollywood Week on 'American Idol' . 2024-01-07 . Sarasota Herald-Tribune.