Bouclier-class destroyer explained

The Bouclier class consisted of twelve destroyers built between 1910 and 1912 for the French Navy, four of which were lost during the First World War.

Design and description

The Bouclier-class was nearly double the size of the preceding 450t destroyers to match the increase in size of foreign destroyers. The French Navy issued a general specification that required oil-fired boilers, steam turbine propulsion and a uniform armament that allowed individual shipyards the freedom to design their ships as they saw fit. This allowed for some variations in size (from 72.32- in length) and machinery (and had three shafts, all the others had two, while Casque has three funnels, all the rest had four).[1]

Bouclier was the shortest ship with an overall length of 72.32 meters and her sister ships ranged in length from 74to. All of the ships had beams of 7.6- and drafts of 2.9-. Bouclier and her sister had the lightest displacements at 6920NaN0; the others displaced 720- at normal load. Their crews numbered 80–83 men.[1]

The destroyers were powered by two or three steam turbines of four different models, each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by four water-tube boilers of four different types. The turbines were designed to produce 13000shp which was intended to give the ships a speed of 30kn. During their sea trials, they reached speeds of 29.3-. The ships carried of fuel oil which gave them a range of 1200nmi1600nmi at cruising speeds of 12-.[2]

The primary armament of the Bouclier-class ships consisted of two 100mm Modèle 1893 guns in single mounts, one each fore and aft of the superstructure, and four 65adj=onNaNadj=on Modèle 1902 guns distributed amidships. They were also fitted with two twin mounts for 450mm torpedo tubes amidships.[1]

During World War I, a 45adj=onNaNadj=on or 75mm anti-aircraft gun, two 8adj=onNaNadj=on machine guns, and eight or ten Guiraud-type depth charges were added to the ships. The extra weight severely overloaded the ships and reduced their operational speed to around .[1]

Ships

Name Builder Launched Fate
29 June 1911 Struck, 15 February 1933
2 May 1911 Sunk by mine laid by off Brindisi, 15 May 1917, during the Battle of the Strait of Otranto
20 April 1912 Struck, 10 July 1926
Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, Le Havre 25 August 1910 Struck, 26 March 1926. Broken up, 1927.
Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde, Bordeaux 13 April 1911 Struck, 10 July 1926
Dyle et Bacalan, Bordeaux 14 September 1912 Struck, 29 July 1926
Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde, Bordeaux 2 October 1912 Struck, June 1933
13 April 1911 Sunk by a drifting mine in Antivari Roads, 24 February 1915
18 April 1912 Struck, 1933
Établissement de la Brosse et Fouché, Nantes2 February 1911 Accidentally rammed and sunk by in Strait of Otranto, 18 April 1918
21 October 1910 Torpedoed and sunk by, 23 June 1916
Chantiers et Ateliers Augustin Normand, Le Havre 1 October 1912 Struck, 10 February 1926

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Gardiner & Gray, p. 203
  2. Couhat, pp. 101, 104