Borys Paton Explained

Borys Paton
Native Name:Борис Патон
Native Name Lang:uk
Birth Date:1918 11, df=yes
Birth Place:Kyiv, Ukrainian State
Death Place:Kyiv, Ukraine
Field:Metallurgy
Work Institutions:Paton Electrical-Welding Institute, International Association of Science Academies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Alma Mater:Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
Known For:Studies in metallurgy of electrical welding; President of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (since 1962)
Spouse:Olha Paton
Children:Yevhenia
Awards:Hero of Socialist Labor (twice)
Lomonosov Gold Medal



Borys Yevhenovych Paton (Ukrainian: Бори́с Євге́нович Пато́н, Russian: Борис Евгеньевич Патон; 27 November 1918 – 19 August 2020[1] [2]) was a Ukrainian scientist and a long-time chairman of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. He was appointed to this post in 1962 and held it until his death. Paton, like his father Evgeny Paton, was famous for his work in electric welding.[2]

Biography

Paton was born on 27 November 1918 in Kyiv in the family of scientist and founder of the Paton Institute of Electric Welding in Kyiv, Professor Evgeny Paton.[3] Evgeny Paton was (like his son) famous for his works in electric welding.[2] The first welded bridge in Kyiv, Paton Bridge, was constructed under the supervision of, and named after, Evgeny Paton.[3] Paton junior's mother was a housewife. Paton junior was born in the professors’ residence building of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, where his father was teaching.[2] In 1941, Borys Paton completed the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and became an engineer.[1]

During the Second World War, in 1941 and 1942, Paton worked and designed electric circuits at the Krasnoye Sormovo Factory No. 112 in Gorky.[2] His designs helped to increase Soviet tank production.[2]

Paton had a doctoral degree in technical sciences after he defended his doctoral dissertation in 1952.[3] In 1952 Paton joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.[3] In 1953 he became head of the Paton Institute of Electric Welding.[1] [3] (The institute founded and formerly led by his father.[2])

Paton joined the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on 18 November 1958. From 1963 to 1991, he was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.[1] Paton was appointed chairman of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in 1962 and held this position until his death. Paton was also offered to head the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in Moscow, but he refused. He was convinced that he should work in Kyiv, at his parents' Institute of Electric Welding and the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences.[4]

Paton was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union from 1962 to 1989.[4]

In the early 1970s and 1980s Paton had advised the Soviet authorities not to build the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.[5] [6]

In 1988 Paton was the first person to have been awarded the title of the Hero of Ukraine.[2] [1]

In January 2008 Paton was appointed member of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine by a decree of President Viktor Yushchenko.[7] In the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election he was a proxy for candidate Yulia Tymoshenko.[7] In August 2011 Paton was one of the ten signatories of the so-called "Letter of Ten", a letter from Ukrainian intelligentsia figures in support of the policy of President Viktor Yanukovych.[7]

Paton was last re-appointed for another term as chairman of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in 2015. Paton did not submit his candidacy for the post in March 2020, which signified that he was leaving the position.[8]

Paton never fully denounced Ukraine's past as part of the Soviet Union. In 2019 he declared he was against decommunization policies.

Paton died on 19 August 2020 aged 101.[1] He was buried at Baikove Cemetery three days later.[9]

Borys Paton was the author of more than 1,000 publications,[10] including 20 monographs and responsible for more than 400 inventions.

Family

Paton was married to Olha Paton and had a daughter, Yevheniya, who was also a scientist.[4] [7] Yevheniya died in 2009 and four years later, his wife died.[4] After the death of his wife, Paton was cared for by his granddaughter, Olha.[4]

Research activities

Paton devoted his scientific research to

Under his leadership, electroslag welding was created which became a fundamentally new method of welding. Paton led research on the application of welding heat sources for the improvement of the quality of the smelted metal. On this basis a new branch of metallurgy was founded called special electrometallurgy (electroslag, plasma arc welding and electron-beam remelting). He was the first researcher to start intensive research in the field of the use of welding and related technologies in space.[11]

Honours and awards

Ukraine
Soviet Union
Russian
Other

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://www.unian.info/society/prominent-ukrainian-academician-paton-dies-at-101-11118461.html Prominent Ukrainian academician Paton dies at 101
  2. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/people/interview-boris-paton Interview with Boris Paton
  3. https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/borys-paton-patriarch-of-ukrainian-science-dies-at-101.html?cn-reloaded=1 Borys Paton, patriarch of Ukrainian science, dies at 101
  4. News: The life of Boris Paton in 13 facts. 20 August 2020. Radio Free Europe. Ukrainian.
  5. Book: Unger, Stephen H.. Controlling Technology: Ethics and the Responsible Engineer. 26 January 1994. John Wiley & Sons. 978-0-471-59181-8. 90.
  6. Book: Nahaylo, Bohdan. The Ukrainian Resurgence. 1999. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. 978-1-85065-168-0. 48.
  7. News: Патон Борис. Liga.net. 19 August 2020. Russian.
  8. News: Патон залишає посаду президента НАН України – джерело. Ukrayinska Pravda "Life". 25 May 2020. Ukrainian.
  9. News: Україна попрощається з Патоном у суботу. Ukrayinska Pravda. 20 August 2020. Ukrainian.
  10. Web site: Boris Y. Paton – Google Scholar Citations. scholar.google.com. 25 May 2020.
  11. Web site: Народився Борис Патон, фахівець зі зварювання світового рівня, винахідник (спецелектрометалургія, космічне зварювання, хірургічне зварювання живих тканин), академік НАН України (1958), РАН (1962, 1992), Президент НАН України (1962), Герой України Національна бібліотека України імені В. І. Вернадського. www.nbuv.gov.ua. 25 May 2020. Ukrainian.
  12. https://web.archive.org/web/20120123124726/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/14408.html УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ № 28/2012
  13. https://web.archive.org/web/20100620171135/http://www.paton.kiev.ua/ru/o-nas/personalii/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%98%D0%AD%D0%A1/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81-%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87/details Патон Борис Евгеньевич
  14. https://regulation.gov.ua/documents/id68865 Про нагородження Б. Патона орденом князя Ярослава Мудрого
  15. Decree of the President of Ukraine from 7 грудня 2018 year № 414/2018 «Про відзначення державними нагородами України працівників Національної академії наук України»
  16. photo: прижиттєве бронзове погруддя Бориса Патона // Національний науково-природознавчий музей НАН України: Археологічний музей, Ботанічний музей, Геологічний музей, Зоологічний музей, Палеонтологічний музей; Інститут Ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного, Інститут Зоології ім. І.І. Шмальгаузена
  17. http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/28350 Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.11.2008 г. № 1653
  18. https://web.archive.org/web/20180714165056/https://giod.consultant.ru/documents/1134446 Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 27 ноября 2008 года № 1426 «О награждении орденом „За заслуги перед Отечеством“ II степени Патона Б. Е.»
  19. https://web.archive.org/web/20180714164856if_/http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/20429 Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 19.01.2004 г. № 59
  20. Web site: IEEE Honors 2020: Borys Paton Wins the IEEE Honorary Membership. 28 May 2020. 20 August 2020.
  21. Web site: Academia de Științe a Moldovei | Academia de Științe a Moldovei. asm.md. 20 August 2020. Romanian.

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