| Bor | |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Plzeň |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Tachov |
| Pushpin Map: | Czech Republic |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in the Czech Republic |
| Coordinates: | 49.7122°N 12.7736°W |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Rudolf Kodalík |
| Established Title: | First mentioned |
| Established Date: | 1263 |
| Area Total Km2: | 116.49 |
| Elevation M: | 472 |
| Population As Of: | 2024-01-01 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 5132 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 348 02 |
Bor (German: Haid) is a town in Tachov District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,100 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.
The villages of Bezděkov, Boječnice, Borovany, Čečkovice, Damnov, Doly, Hlupenov, Holostřevy, Kosov, Kurojedy, Lhota, Lužná, Málkovice, Malovice, Muckov, Nová Hospoda, Nový Dvůr, Ostrov, Skviřín, Velká Ves and Vysočany are administrative parts of Bor.
The name literally means 'pine forest'. The settlement was founded near a pine forest or on the site where pine forest was cut down.[2]
Bor is located about 14km (09miles) southeast of Tachov and 42km (26miles) west of Plzeň. It lies in the Upper Palatine Forest Foothills. The highest point is the hill Malovický vrch at 586m (1,923feet) above sea level. The municipal territory is rich in fishponds.
The first written mention of Bor is from 1263, when its location by a water castle is documented. After the settlement was looted in 1318, the walls were built. In 1369, Bor gained town privileges.[3]
Only three noble families took turns in ownership of Bor. Until 1650, the town was held by the Lords of Bor, later known as the Schwamberg family. From 1650 to 1720, it was owned by the Lords of Götzen. Since 1720, it was continuously owned by the Löwenstein family. During their rule, Bor was the centre of a large estate.[4]
From 1938 to 1945, the municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland. After World War II, the German population was expelled.
Bor is home to two large producers of automotive parts that are among the most important employers in the region. IDEAL Automotive s.r.o., a Czech branch of German company IDEAL Automotive GmbH founded in 1999, is a manufacturer of textile parts for cars with more than 1,000 employers.[5] Adient company specializes in the assembly of car seats and its factory in Bor has about 800 employees.[6]
The D5 motorway (part of the European route E50) from Plzeň to the Czech-German border passes through the territory, north of the town proper.
Bor lies on a railway line heading from Planá to Domažlice.[7]
Bor is known for the Bor Castle. The old water castle was rebuilt into an aristocratic residence in the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was rebuilt to its present neo-Gothic form. The cylindrical tower remains of the original water castle, and today is the dominant feature of the town. The castle is open to the public and offers guided tours.[8]
The Church of Saint Nicholas is the main landmark of the town square. It was first mentioned in 1282. It was rebuilt in the 14th–16th centuries and after a big fire in 1647, it was once again rebuilt, this time in the Baroque style. It has a late Gothic prismatic tower.[9]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic. Bor is twinned with:[10]