Bonnie Crombie Explained

Bonnie Crombie
Office:Leader of the Ontario Liberal Party
Term Start:December 2, 2023
Predecessor:John Fraser (interim)
Parliament1:Ontario Provincial
Successor1:-->
Order2:6th
Office2:Mayor of Mississauga
Term Start2:December 1, 2014
Term End2:January 12, 2024
Predecessor2:Hazel McCallion
Successor2:Carolyn Parrish
Office3:Mississauga City Councillor
Constituency3:Ward 5 (Britannia Woods-Malton)
Term Start3:September 26, 2011
Term End3:December 1, 2014
Predecessor3:Eve Adams
Successor3:Carolyn Parrish
Riding4:Mississauga—Streetsville
Parliament4:Canadian
Term Start4:October 14, 2008
Term End4:May 2, 2011
Predecessor4:Wajid Khan
Successor4:Brad Butt
Party:Ontario Liberal
Otherparty:
Birth Name:Bonnie-Michelle Teresa Bernadette Stack
Birth Date:5 February 1960
Birth Place:Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Children:3
Residence:Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
Alma Mater:
Signature:Bonniesignature2021.jpg

Bonnie-Michelle Teresa Bernadette Stack Sawarna Crombie[1] (Stack, formerly Sawarna;[2] born February 5, 1960) is a Canadian politician who has been the leader of the Ontario Liberal Party since December 2, 2023.

She previously served as the sixth mayor of Mississauga from December 1, 2014, until January 12, 2024, and as the member of Parliament (MP) for Mississauga—Streetsville from 2008 to 2011, sitting as a Liberal. From 2011 to 2014, she held the position of councillor for Ward 5 on Mississauga City Council and was a member of the Peel Regional Council. Crombie was elected as the mayor of Mississauga in the 2014 municipal election. She ran in the 2023 leadership election of the Ontario Liberal Party and won on the third ballot. She resigned as mayor on January 12, 2024, in order to focus on her leadership of the Ontario Liberal Party, triggering the 2024 Mississauga mayoral by-election.

Background

Bonnie-Michelle Teresa Bernadette Stack was born to Polish immigrants Veronica Sawarna (née Sega) and Ed Stack in Toronto, Ontario, in February 1960. When Bonnie was three her parents separated, and she and her mother relocated to her grandparents' large home in Toronto's High Park neighbourhood.[3] When Crombie was nine, her mother remarried to Michael Sawarna, who adopted Bonnie who took his surname. The family settled in Etobicoke, where Crombie attended Michael Power/St. Joseph High School.[3] [4] Crombie describes her late stepfather as a “solid, hard-working, decent, honest man, and a churchgoer. We became very close. He was my father.”[3]

In 1982, she graduated from St. Michael's College at the University of Toronto with a Bachelor of Arts in political science and international relations. Later, in 1992, she earned her Master of Business Administration from the Schulich School of Business.[3]

Before venturing into politics, Crombie worked as a marketing manager for McDonald's Canada and the Walt Disney Company and later worked as manager of government relations for the Insurance Bureau of Canada.[5]

She married Brian Crombie, former-CFO of Biovail Corp. and the Ottawa Senators,[6] [7] [8] in 1984, with whom she has three children Alex, Jonathan and Natasha.[3] The couple divorced in 2020.[9]

Federal politics (2008–2011)

Crombie was elected as the MP for Mississauga—Streetsville in the 2008 Canadian federal election, defeating incumbent MP Wajid Khan, who had previously crossed the floor from the Liberal Party to join the Conservative Party.[10]

Following her election, she served as co-chair of the Liberal Caucus Outreach Committee alongside Justin Trudeau[11] and took on the role of the Liberal Party critic for Crown corporations under leader Michael Ignatieff.[12]

In the 2011 federal election, Crombie was defeated by Conservative candidate Brad Butt; Butt received 43.8% of the vote to Crombie's 36.9%.[13]

Municipal politics (2011–2024)

On September 19, 2011, Crombie secured a seat on Mississauga City Council through a by-election, succeeding Eve Adams as Councillor for Ward 5. She won by a margin of slightly over 200 votes, defeating Carolyn Parrish and Eve Adams's ex-husband, Peter.[14] On December 12, 2012, Crombie faced charges related to alleged violations of election finance rules from her councillor run,[15] but these charges were withdrawn in February 2013 after the Crown determined that financials needed formal auditing before any charges could be considered.[16]

After Hazel McCallion, the long-serving mayor of Mississauga, retired, the 2014 mayoral election became the city's first genuinely competitive race in years.[17] Crombie, along with former member of both provincial and federal parliaments Steve Mahoney and others, declared their candidacies.[18] Despite Mahoney's narrow lead in polls for much of 2014, McCallion's endorsement of Crombie on October 12 shifted the dynamics, giving Crombie a 25-point lead over Mahoney.[19] [20] In the election, Crombie secured victory with 63.5 per cent of the vote.[21]

Crombie announced her bid for re-election as mayor on October 27, 2017[22] and emerged victorious in the 2018 mayoral election with 77 per cent of the vote.[23] She secured her third term in the 2022 mayoral election by another wide margin.[24] [25]

Throughout her mayoral tenure, Crombie advocated for the dissolution of the Region of Peel, the upper-tier municipality of which Mississauga is part.[26] In 2023, the provincial government of Doug Ford supported the split.[27] [28]

During a Liberal leadership debate on The Agenda with Steve Paikin, hosted by TVO on November 15, 2023, Crombie declared that she would not seek re-election in 2026, concluding her tenure as the mayor of Mississauga after three terms. She later stated that she was likely to run for MPP in the 2026 provincial election.[29]

After winning the 2023 leadership election of the Ontario Liberal Party, Crombie announced on December 13 that she would resign as Mississauga mayor, effective January 12, 2024, after completing the city's and Peel Region's budgets before stepping down.[30] [31] She was succeeded as mayor by Carolyn Parrish.

Provincial politics (2023–present)

See also: 2023 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election. In early 2023, media reports, citing sources within the party, speculated that Crombie was contemplating a run in the 2023 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election scheduled for December. Her active participation was noted during the Ontario Liberal Party's annual general meeting in March 2023 and the Liberal Party of Canada's national convention in May 2023 in Ottawa.[32] [33] [34]

On May 23, 2023, Crombie confirmed the speculation by announcing the formation of an exploratory committee.[35] On June 14, she officially launched her campaign at an event in Mississauga.[36] She took an unpaid leave of absence from her role as mayor of Mississauga starting October 7.[37] However, she returned on November 27 to participate in the city's budget process.[38]

Crombie was considered the front-runner in the Liberal leadership race.[39] [40] She ran on a pledge to make life more affordable, strengthen Ontario's healthcare system, build housing and infrastructure, improving the public education system, and fighting climate change.[41] She was elected party leader at the December 2, 2023, on the third ballot.[42] She resigned as mayor on January 12, 2024.[43] [44]

Parm Gill, the Ontario Minister of Red Tape Reduction, announced his resignation from the Ontario Legislature on January 25, 2024, thereby opening up the provincial seat of Milton. On February 8, Crombie stated in a Global News interview that she was "seriously considering" running for the vacant seat.[45] It was later announced that Crombie would not seek the seat in Milton, but Galen Naidoo Harris, son of former Education Minister Indira Naidoo-Harris, would.[46] Galen Naidoo Harris went on to lose the election by 2,407 votes to Zee Hamid.

Crombie announced on Monday, March 18, 2024, that should she become premier after the 2026 election, she will refrain from implementing a provincial carbon tax as part of her climate policy,[47] [48] diverging from the approach of Trudeau and the federal Liberals.[49] The next day, she declined to comment on a proposed federal carbon tax supported by the Liberal Party of Canada, saying "I'm not here to tell the federal government how to do their job."[50]

On August 21, 2024, the Ontario Liberal Party announced their keynote speakers for their annual general meeting that included former British Columbia Premier Christy Clark and former Canadian Health Minister Dr. Jane Philpott. This move is seen by many as another attempt to distance the party and its leader from the unpopular federal Liberals and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.[51] [52]

Electoral record

Ontario Liberal Party leadership election

2023 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election[53]
Candidate1st round2nd round3rd round
PointsVotesPoints+/-Votes+/-Points+/-Votes+/-
Bonnie Crombie5,559
42.96%		9,314
41.07%		6,047
46.73%		488
3.77%		10,176
45.40%		862
4.33%		6,911
53.40%		864
6.67%		11,325
52.35%		1,149
6.95%
Nathaniel Erskine-Smith3,320
25.66%		6,083
26.82%		3,792
29.30%		472
3.64%		6,944
30.99%		861
4.17%		6,029
46.59% 		2,237
17.29%		10,307
47.65%		3,363
16.66%
Yasir Naqvi2,760
21.33%		4,705
20.75%		3,101
23.96% 		341
2.63%		5,294
23.62%		589
2.87%		Eliminated
Ted Hsu1,300
10.05%		2,578
11.36%		Eliminated
Total12,940 22,68012,940022,414-26612,940 021,632-782

Municipal

2022 Mississauga Mayoral election
CandidateVotes%
Bonnie Crombie (X) 82,73678.47
David Shaw 7,202 6.83
George Tavares 5,613 5.32
Derek Ramkissoon 4,012 3.81
Mohsin Khan 2,866 2.72
Melodie J. Petty 1,464 1.39
Jayesh Trivedi 1,169 1.11
Bobie Taffe 370 0.35
Total105,532100.00
Source: City of Mississauga[54]
2018 Mississauga Mayoral election
CandidateVotes%
Bonnie Crombie (X) 91,42276.68
Kevin J. Johnston16,07913.49
Scott E. W. Chapman4,5633.83
Andrew Lee2,9702.49
Mohsin Khan1,4581.22
Yasmin Pouragheli9960.84
Tiger Meng Wu9890.83
Syed Qumber Rizvi7520.63
Total118,229100.00
Source: City of Mississauga[55]
2014 Mississauga Mayoral election
CandidateVotes%
Bonnie Crombie 102,34663.49
Steve Mahoney46,22428.68
Dil Muhammad2,4291.51
Stephen King1,8741.16
Masood Khan1,2540.78
Donald Barber1,2250.76
Derek Ramkissoon1,0440.65
Scott E. W. Chapman8680.54
Riazuddin Choudhry7900.49
Paul Fromm7750.48
Kevin Jackal Johnston7410.46
Andrew Seitz5070.31
Joe Lomangino4150.26
Grant Isaac3920.24
Sheraz Siddiqui3150.20
Total160,678100.00
Source: City of Mississauga[56]
2011 Ward 5 (Mississauga) By-Election
CandidateVotes%
Bonnie Crombie 2,47921.54
Carolyn Parrish2,238 19.44
Simmer Kaur1,66214.44
Peter Adams1,347 11.70
Rick Williams7286.32
Kulvinder Bobbie Daid633 5.50
Jake Dheer573 4.98
Dianne Douglas542 4.71
Mark Cashin2422.10
Barbara Hazel Tabuno221 1.92
Mobeen Ali174 1.51
Vlado Bertic130 1.13
Glenn Barnes58 0.50
Olive Rose Steele57 0.50
Jimmy Ghimery51 0.44
Sandeep Patara51 0.44
Cheryl Rodricks42 0.36
Frank Perrotta40 0.35
Waqar Siddiqui36 0.31
Jamie Dookie35 0.30
Cecil Young34 0.30
Mo Khan28 0.24
Shirley Abraham26 0.23
Grant Isaac25 0.22
Catherine Soplet25 0.22
Paul Keselman170.15
Steve Bator160.14
Total15,816100.00
Source: City of Mississauga[57]

Federal

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://www.mississauga.com/life/bonnie-crombie---good-questions/article_c389d08f-2912-55d6-8a14-c4759997da62.html
  2. https://images.ourontario.ca/Partners/WSPL/WSPL000102114p0031f.pdf
  3. News: Vincent . Donovan . December 18, 2016 . Hazel who? It's Bonnie Crombie's Mississauga . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20231019124343/https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/hazel-who-it-s-bonnie-crombie-s-mississauga/article_40e6a185-fd3b-5ffb-980e-988f98d10498.html . October 19, 2023 . February 23, 2024.
  4. News: Ferguson . Rob . December 3, 2023 . 'I didn't get into politics for an easy life': Crombie faces steep learning curve as she works to rebuild a party with just nine seats . . Toronto, Ontario . A5 .
  5. News: Bascaramurty . Dakshana . September 26, 2014 . Two hopefuls, no Hazel: Inside Mississauga's first real race in decades . . December 4, 2023.
  6. Web site: SEC.gov Biovail Corporation, Eugene Melnyk, Brian Crombie, John Miszuk, and Kenneth G. Howling . 2024-05-03 . www.sec.gov.
  7. News: 2009-02-12 . Ex-Biovail CFO ordered to pay $300,000 . 2024-05-03 . The Globe and Mail . en-CA.
  8. Web site: Guardian . Marta Marychuk Brampton . 2018-05-10 . Another Crombie considers a run in politics . 2024-05-25 . Brampton Guardian . en.
  9. Web site: Pecar . Steve . April 26, 2022 . Brian Crombie, Mississauga mayor's ex-husband, set to run in provincial election . live . Insauga . Mississauga, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20230224144848/https://www.insauga.com/brian-crombie-mississauga-mayors-ex-husband-set-to-run-in-provincial-election/ . February 24, 2023 . May 30, 2024.
  10. News: Kalinowski . Tess . October 15, 2008 . The wrath against Khan . . Toronto, Ontario . U10 . February 23, 2024 . newspapers.com.
  11. Web site: Liberal Leader Michael Ignatieff announces new roles for caucus . www.liberal.ca . . https://web.archive.org/web/20090201145831/http://www.liberal.ca/story_15599_e.aspx . 4 December 2023. February 1, 2009 .
  12. News: Wicary . Stephen . Liberals unveil new critics . 4 December 2023 . . 6 October 2009.
  13. News: Kalinowski . Tess . Butt topples Liberal in Mississauga-Streetsville . 4 December 2023 . . 2 May 2011.
  14. News: Morrow . Adrian . September 19, 2011 . Crombie edges out Parrish for Mississauga council seat . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231014065851/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/crombie-edges-out-parrish-for-mississauga-council-seat/article594834/ . October 14, 2023 . . February 23, 2024.
  15. News: Grewal . San . December 12, 2012 . Charges go ahead against Mississauga councillor . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20231019124847/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/city-hall/charges-go-ahead-against-mississauga-councillor/article_a9c0d59c-b097-5ef7-b8e4-33b587679813.html . October 19, 2023 . February 23, 2024.
  16. News: Rosella . Louie . February 12, 2013 . Crown withdraws election finance fraud charges against Ward 5 councillor Bonnie Crombie . Mississauga.com . Mississauga, Ontario . February 23, 2024.
  17. News: Fox . Chris . September 20, 2014 . 'Hurricane Hazel' looms over tight Mississauga mayoral race . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20160209210408/https://www.cp24.com/news/hurricane-hazel-looms-over-tight-mississauga-mayoral-race-1.2016531 . February 9, 2016 . February 23, 2024.
  18. News: Rushowy . Kristin . April 15, 2014 . Mississauga poll finds Steve Mahoney, Bonnie Crombie tied in mayor's race . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20240223150122/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/city-hall/mississauga-poll-finds-steve-mahoney-bonnie-crombie-tied-in-mayor-s-race/article_5a10d50c-425f-5289-a47d-a4936c72ae13.html . February 23, 2024 . February 23, 2024.
  19. News: . October 12, 2014 . Hazel McCallion lends support to mayoral hopeful Bonnie Crombie . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20210517015259/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/hazel-mccallion-lends-support-to-mayoral-hopeful-bonnie-crombie-1.2796637 . May 17, 2021 . February 23, 2024.
  20. News: Schwartz . Daniel . October 22, 2014 . 11 mayoral races to watch in 2014 . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20180608172745/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/11-mayoral-races-to-watch-in-2014-1.2806910 . June 8, 2018 . February 23, 2024.
  21. News: Loney . Heather . October 27, 2014 . Bonnie Crombie wins Mississauga mayoral election . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20231019122914/https://globalnews.ca/news/1637479/mississauga-elects-new-mayor-to-replace-hazel-mccallion/ . October 19, 2023 . February 23, 2024.
  22. News: . October 27, 2017 . Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie says she plans to run for reelection . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20180302080947/https://www.cp24.com/news/mississauga-mayor-bonnie-crombie-says-she-plans-to-run-for-reelection-1.3651478 . March 2, 2018 . February 23, 2024.
  23. News: . October 22, 2018 . Mississauga 2018 election results: Bonnie Crombie cruises to big mayoral win . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20220606214235/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/mississauga-election-2018-1.4873633 . June 6, 2022 . February 23, 2024.
  24. News: Fleguel . Jordan . October 24, 2022 . 'Tonight's victory is our victory:' Bonnie Crombie re-elected for third term as Mississauga mayor . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20221119095742/https://www.cp24.com/news/tonight-s-victory-is-our-victory-bonnie-crombie-re-elected-for-third-term-as-mississauga-mayor-1.6123180?cache=khgvxzimi%3FclipId%3D89950 . November 19, 2022 . February 23, 2024.
  25. News: . October 24, 2022 . Bonnie Crombie victorious in Mississauga, Patrick Brown wins in Brampton . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20231209175323/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/bonnie-crombie-win-mississauga-patrick-brown-second-term-brampton-mayor-1.6627931 . December 9, 2023 . February 23, 2024.
  26. Web site: Reporter . Noor Javed Staff . 2023-05-18 . The Peel Region is splitting up. Now comes the battle about money . 2023-11-27 . Toronto Star . en.
  27. News: Benzie . Robert . May 15, 2023 . No more Peel Region? Doug Ford supports 'an independent Mississauga' . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20240223032907/https://www.thestar.com/politics/provincial/no-more-peel-region-doug-ford-supports-an-independent-mississauga/article_13766c2a-9e4b-5dac-b513-b38951221010.html . February 23, 2024 . February 22, 2024.
  28. News: . May 17, 2023 . Ford government to break up Peel Region within 3 years: source . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20230802094137/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/peel-region-ford-1.6847136 . August 2, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  29. News: . November 16, 2023 . TVO Today Live: 2023 Ontario Liberal leadership debate . . February 23, 2024.
  30. News: Aguilar . Bryann . Crombie says she plans to resign as Mississauga mayor 'early in the new year' after winning Ontario Liberal leadership . 4 December 2023 . . 2 December 2023.
  31. Web site: Bonnie Crombie to resign as Mississauga mayor on Jan. 12 . 2023-12-13 . toronto.citynews.ca.
  32. News: Crawley . Mike . March 6, 2023 . Ontario Liberals face 'a ton of work' before taking on Doug Ford's PCs in next election . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20230617053253/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-liberal-party-agm-1.6768860 . June 17, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  33. News: D'Mello . Colin . May 4, 2023 . Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie strongly considering entering race for Liberal leadership . live . . https://web.archive.org/web/20230623150133/https://globalnews.ca/news/9658594/bonnie-crombie-liberal-leadership-bid-consideration/ . June 23, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  34. News: . May 9, 2023 . Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie considering run for Ontario Liberal leadership: source . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20230517231231/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/mississauga-mayor-bonnie-crombie-possible-ontario-liberal-leadership-run-1.6837909 . May 17, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  35. News: . May 22, 2024 . Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie takes aim at Ford government as she eyes Liberal leadership . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20231205122745/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/crombie-liberal-leadership-bid-1.6851350 . December 5, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  36. News: Fleguel . Jordan . June 14, 2023 . Mississauga, Ont., Mayor Bonnie Crombie launches Ontario Liberal leadership campaign . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20230920053552/https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/mississauga-ont-mayor-bonnie-crombie-launches-ontario-liberal-leadership-campaign-1.6441294 . September 20, 2023 . February 22, 2024.
  37. News: . September 13, 2023 . Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie to take leave of absence to focus on Liberal leadership bid . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20231021040217/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/bonnie-crombie-leave-of-absence-mississauga-mayor-1.6966257 . October 21, 2023 . February 21, 2024.
  38. News: Stone . Laura . October 4, 2023 . Bonnie Crombie plans to return as Mississauga Mayor for budget process before new Liberal leader named . . February 22, 2024.
  39. Web site: Fleguel . Jordan . 'I'm ready to fight': Bonnie Crombie officially launches campaign to become Ontario Liberal leader . 2023-07-30 . cp24 . June 14, 2023 . en.
  40. Web site: Bonnie Crombie is front-runner in Ontario Liberal leadership race, poll shows . 2023-07-30 . www.thestar.com.
  41. Web site: Bonnie for Ontario . 2024-01-20 . Bonnie Crombie . en-US.
  42. News: Bonnie Crombie wins Ontario Liberal leadership race, says party focused on beating Doug Ford . December 2, 2023 . CBC News . December 2, 2023.
  43. News: Mississauga Mayor Bonnie Crombie is stepping down. Here's what happens next . January 1, 2024 . CBC News . December 17, 2023.
  44. News: DeClerq . Katherine . Morris . Siobhan . January 12, 2024 . Bonnie Crombie will no longer be the mayor of Mississauga. Here's how she will lead the Ont. Liberals without a seat . live . . Toronto, Ontario . https://web.archive.org/web/20240221164324/https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/bonnie-crombie-will-no-longer-be-the-mayor-of-mississauga-here-s-how-she-will-lead-the-ont-liberals-without-a-seat-1.6722022 . February 21, 2024 . February 23, 2024.
  45. News: D'Mello . Colin . Callan . Isaac . February 8, 2024 . Bonnie Crombie 'seriously' considering running for Milton byelection . . February 22, 2024.
  46. Web site: Ontario Liberals announce candidate for Milton byelection Globalnews.ca . 2024-04-01 . Global News . en-US.
  47. News: Jones . Allison . 18 March 2024 . Ontario Liberals rule out provincial carbon tax as part of 2026 election platform . . 30 March 2024.
  48. News: D'Mello . Colin . Callan . Isaac . 18 March 2024 . Ontario Liberals rule out carbon tax if they form government in 2026 . . 30 March 2024.
  49. Web site: Benzie . Robert . 2024-03-19 . Bonnie Crombie distances her Liberals from Justin Trudeau's carbon levy . 2024-03-20 . Toronto Star . en.
  50. News: DeClerq . Katherine . 19 March 2024 . Ontario Liberals distancing themselves from Justin Trudeau’s carbon tax . 10 April 2024 . CTV News.
  51. Web site: Ontario’s Liberals to Chart Bold Path Forward at Annual Meeting and Policy Conference in London . 2024-08-31 . Ontario Liberal Party . en-CA.
  52. Web site: Benzie . Robert . 2024-08-21 . Bonnie Crombie embraces prominent critics of Justin Trudeau as she distances her Ontario party from the federal Liberals . 2024-08-31 . Toronto Star . en.
  53. Web site: Leadership Official Results . www.ontarioliberal.ca . . 5 December 2023.
  54. Web site: 2022-08-12 . 2022 Official election results . 2023-11-25 . City of Mississauga . en-CA.
  55. Web site: 2022-08-12 . 2022 Official election results . 2023-11-25 . City of Mississauga . en-CA.
  56. Web site: 2022-08-12 . 2022 Official election results . 2023-11-25 . City of Mississauga . en-CA.
  57. Web site: 2022-08-12 . 2022 Official election results . 2023-11-25 . City of Mississauga . en-CA.

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