| Native Name: | ବଣାଇ |
| Conventional Long Name: | Bonai State |
| Common Name: | Bonai |
| Nation: | British India |
| Subdivision: | Princely State |
| Year Start: | 16th century |
| Year End: | 1948 |
| Event End: | Accession to the Union of India |
| S1: | India |
| Flag S1: | Flag of India.svg |
| Image Map Caption: | Bonai State in the Imperial Gazetteer of India |
| Stat Area1: | 8907 |
| Stat Year1: | 1892 |
| Stat Pop1: | 24,026 |
Bonai State (or|ବଣାଇ) was a minor princely state during the British Raj in what is today India. It was one of the Chota Nagpur States and had its capital at Bonaigarh,[1] located in the present-day Sundergarh district of Odisha. It had an area of 8907km2 and a population of 24,026 in 1892 with an average annual revenue of Rs.60,000 in 1901.
As per legend, the founders of the dynasty claimed numerous obscure origins but lack of written archival records dispute them as untenable due to the mythical legends which shrouds the ancestry of the founding clans. Most research into the origins of the dynasty points that the founders of the Bonai State belonged to the head of the Bhuyan clans of the region which was later acquired mythical characteristics.[2]
The founding of the Bonai State led to the establishment of the Kadamba dynasty, named after the flowers of the Kadamba tree (Neolamarckia cadamba) which is also present in the founding legendary myths of the dynasty and also remains the symbol of one of its collateral branch of Athmallik State. The Kadamba tree also plays a central element in the legends of the dominant Bhuyan clans of the region demonstrating the close relationship that the clans play in the royal traditions and rituals of the dynasty. Reconstruction of the court records points that the founder of the dynasty Pratap Bhanu Deo founded the State with the help of local Bhuyan landlords and subjugated the region. The local Bhuyan landlords maintained a strong presence at the royal court, administrative levels and socio-religious traditions of the kingdom.[3]
On 1 January 1948 the last ruler of Bonai signed the accession to the Indian Union after independence and following which it merged with the state of Odisha forming a part of the Sundergarh district.
The rulers of the Bonai State of Kadamba dynasty:[4]
