55.7489°N 37.6244°WThe Bolshoy Moskvoretsky Bridge (Russian: Большой Москворецкий мост|link=no) is a concrete arch bridge that spans the Moskva River in Moscow, Russia, immediately east of the Kremlin. The bridge connects Red Square with Bolshaya Ordynka Street in Zamoskvorechye. Built in 1936–1937, it was designed by V. S. Kirillov (structural engineering) and Alexey Shchusev (architectural design).
Wooden bridges east of the Kremlin have existed since the fifteenth century, as witnessed by Venetian Ambrogio Contarini, who travelled through Moscow in 1476.
The first permanent Moskvoretsky bridge was built in 1829, about west of the present site. Three wooden arches, each long, were supported by stone abutments. It was loosely based on Kamennoostrovsky Bridge in Saint Petersburg designed by Agustín de Betancourt. The bridge burned down in 1871; after the fire, steel arches and decking were installed on the old abutments.
In 1935–1938, all the bridges in town centre Moscow were replaced with high capacity ones. Moskvoretsky Bridge was the first to be completed, and was the only concrete bridge of the 1930s. The bridge was placed at the narrowest point of the Moskva River, west of its predecessor; as a result, blocks of Zaryadye and Balchug were razed to make way for construction.[1]
The main arch of the current bridge consists of three concrete boxes, long and high. The two arches over the embankments are each long. The bridge has a total width of (8 lanes), and its total length with approach ramps is . Although it is a concrete structure, Alexey Shchusev finished the bridge in pink granite slabs to create the illusion that the bridge is actually built in stone.
On 27 May 1987 German aviator Mathias Rust landed on the bridge.[2] [3]
On 27 February 2015 opposition politician Boris Nemtsov was shot to death while crossing this bridge.[4] [5] [6] [7]