This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia.
In the following table, the use row is the value recommended for use in other Wikipedia pages in order to maintain consistency across content.
Reference | Kelvin | Celsius | Fahrenheit | |
---|---|---|---|---|
< | -- 1 H --> 1 H hydrogen (H2) | |||
use | 20.271 K | −252.879 °C | −423.182 °F | |
20.28 K | −252.87 °C | −423.17 °F | ||
−252.879 °C | ||||
−252.88 °C | ||||
21.15 K | -252 °C | |||
< | -- 2 He --> 2 He helium | |||
use | 4.222 K | −268.928 °C | −452.07 °F | |
4.22 K | −268.93 °C | −452.07 °F | ||
−268.928 °C | ||||
−268.935 °C | ||||
4.15 K | -269 °C | |||
< | -- 3 Li --> 3 Li lithium | |||
use | 1603 K | 1330 °C | 2426 °F | |
1615 K | 1342 °C | 2448 °F | ||
1342 °C | ||||
1330 °C | ||||
1603 K | 1330 °C | |||
< | -- 4 Be --> 4 Be beryllium | |||
use | 2742 K | 2469 °C | 4476 °F | |
2742 K | 2469 °C | 4476 °F | ||
3243 K | ||||
2467 °C | ||||
3243 K | 2970 °C | 5378 °F | ||
< | -- 5 B --> 5 B boron | |||
use | 4200 K | 3927 °C | 7101 °F | |
4200 K | 3927 °C | 7101 °F | ||
4000 °C | ||||
3864 °C | ||||
4203 K | 3930 °C | |||
< | -- 6 C --> 6 C carbon (graphite) | |||
use | ||||
? (4300 K) | ? (4027 °C) | ? (7281 °F) | ||
subl. 3825 °C | ||||
subl. (3915 - 4020) °C | ||||
5103 K | 4830 °C | |||
< | -- 6 C --> 6 C carbon (diamond) | |||
use | 4300 K | 4027 °C | 7281 °F | |
? (4300 K) | ? (4027 °C) | ? (7281 °F) | ||
3930 °C | ||||
< | -- 7 N --> 7 N nitrogen (N2) | |||
use | 77.355 K | −195.795 °C | −320.431 °F | |
77.36 K | −195.79 °C | −320.42 °F | ||
−195.795 °C | ||||
−195.79 °C | ||||
77.15 K | -196 °C | |||
< | -- 8 O --> 8 O oxygen (O2) | |||
use | 90.188 K | −182.962 °C | −297.332 °F | |
90.2 K | −182.9 °C | −297.2 °F | ||
−182.962 °C | ||||
−182.96 °C | ||||
90.15 K | -183 °C | |||
< | -- 9 F --> 9 F fluorine (F2) | |||
use | 85.04 K | −188.11 °C | −306.60 °F | |
85.03 K | −188.12 °C | −306.62 °F | ||
−188.11 °C | ||||
−188.13 °C | ||||
85.15 K | -188 °C | |||
< | -- 10 Ne --> 10 Ne neon | |||
use | 27.104 K | −246.046 °C | −410.883 °F | |
27.07 K | −246.08 °C | −410.94 °F | ||
−246.046 °C | ||||
−246.05 °C | ||||
27.15 K | -246 °C | |||
< | -- 11 Na --> 11 Na sodium | |||
use | 1156.090 K | 882.940 °C | 1621.292 °F | |
1156 K | 883 °C | 1621 °F | ||
882.940 °C | ||||
881.4 °C | ||||
1163 K | 890 °C | |||
< | -- 12 Mg --> 12 Mg magnesium | |||
use | 1363 K | 1090 °C | 1994 °F | |
1363 K | 1090 °C | 1994 °F | ||
1090 °C | ||||
1100 °C | ||||
1383 K | 1110 °C | |||
< | -- 13 Al --> 13 Al aluminium | |||
use | 2743 K | 2470 °C | 4478 °F | |
2792 K | 2519 °C | 4566 °F | ||
2519 °C | ||||
2518 °C | ||||
2743 K | 2470 °C | 4478 °F | ||
< | -- 14 Si --> 14 Si silicon | |||
use | 3538 K | 3265 °C | 5909 °F | |
3173 K | 2900 °C | 5252 °F | ||
3265 °C | ||||
3265 °C | ||||
3533 K | 3260 °C | |||
< | -- 15 P --> 15 P phosphorus (white) | |||
use | 550 K | 277 °C | 531 °F | |
550 K | 277 °C | 531 °F | ||
280.5 °C | ||||
280.3 °C | ||||
553.2 K | 280 °C | |||
< | -- 15 P --> 15 P phosphorus (red) | |||
use | subl. 704 K | subl. 431 °C | subl. 808 °F | |
subl. 431 °C | ||||
subl. 416 °C | ||||
< | -- 16 S --> 16 S sulfur (orthorhombic, alpha) | |||
use | 717.8 K | 444.6 °C | 832.3 °F | |
? (717.87 K) | ? (444.72 °C) | ? (832.5 °F) | ||
444.60 °C | ||||
444.6 °C | ||||
718.2 K | 445 °C | |||
< | -- 16 S --> 16 S sulfur (monoclinic, beta) | |||
use | 717.8 K | 444.6 °C | 832.3 °F | |
? (717.87 K) | ? (444.72 °C) | ? (832.5 °F) | ||
444.60 °C | ||||
444.6 °C | ||||
< | -- 16 S --> 16 S sulfur (gamma) | |||
use | 717.87 K | 444.72 °C | 832.5 °F | |
? (717.87 K) | ? (444.72 °C) | ? (832.5 °F) | ||
444.72 °C | ||||
< | -- 17 Cl --> 17 Cl chlorine (Cl2) | |||
use | 239.11 K | −34.04 °C | −29.27 °F | |
239.11 K | −34.04 °C | −29.27 °F | ||
−34.04 °C | ||||
−34.04 °C | ||||
238.5 K | -34.7 °C | |||
< | -- 18 Ar --> 18 Ar argon | |||
use | 87.302 K | −185.848 °C | −302.526 °F | |
87.3 K | −185.8 °C | −302.4 °F | ||
−185.848 °C | ||||
−185.87 °C | ||||
87.15 K | −186 °C | |||
< | -- 19 K --> 19 K potassium | |||
use | 1032 K | 759 °C | 1398 °F | |
1032 K | 759 °C | 1398 °F | ||
759 °C | ||||
759 °C | ||||
1047 K | 774 °C | 1425 °F | ||
< | -- 20 Ca --> 20 Ca calcium | |||
use | 1757 K | 1484 °C | 2703 °F | |
1757 K | 1484 °C | 2703 °F | ||
1484 °C | ||||
1484 °C | ||||
1760 K | 1487 °C | |||
< | -- 21 Sc --> 21 Sc scandium | |||
use | 3109 K | 2836 °C | 5136 °F | |
3103 K | 2830 °C | 5126 °F | ||
2836 °C | ||||
2836 °C | ||||
3003 K | 2730 °C | |||
< | -- 22 Ti --> 22 Ti titanium (hexagonal) | |||
use | 3560 K | 3287 °C | 5949 °F | |
3560 K | 3287 °C | 5949 °F | ||
3287 °C | ||||
3287 °C | ||||
3533 K | 3260 °C | |||
< | -- 23 V --> 23 V vanadium | |||
use | 3680 K | 3407 °C | 6165 °F | |
3680 K | 3407 °C | 6165 °F | ||
3407 °C | ||||
3421 °C | ||||
3680 K | 3407 °C | |||
< | -- 24 Cr --> 24 Cr chromium | |||
use | 2755 K | 2482 °C | 4499 °F | |
2755 K | 2482 °C | 4499 °F | ||
2944 K | 2671 °C | 4840 °F | ||
2671 °C | ||||
2679 °C | ||||
2755 K | 2482 °C | |||
< | -- 25 Mn --> 25 Mn manganese | |||
use | 2334 K | 2061 °C | 3742 °F | |
2334 K | 2061 °C | 3742 °F | ||
2061 °C | ||||
2095 °C | ||||
2373 K | 2100 °C | |||
< | -- 26 Fe --> 26 Fe iron | |||
use | 3134 K | 2861 °C | 5182 °F | |
3134 K | 2861 °C | 5182 °F | ||
2861 °C | ||||
2861 °C | ||||
3273 K | 3000 °C | |||
< | -- 27 Co --> 27 Co cobalt | |||
use | 3200 K | 2927 °C | 5301 °F | |
3200 K | 2927 °C | 5301 °F | ||
2927 °C | ||||
2927 °C | ||||
3173 K | 2900 °C | |||
< | -- 28 Ni --> 28 Ni nickel | |||
use | 3003 K | 2730 °C | 4946 °F | |
3186 K | 2913 °C | 5275 °F | ||
2913 °C | ||||
2884 °C | ||||
3003 K | 2730 °C | 4946 °F | ||
< | -- 29 Cu --> 29 Cu copper | |||
use | 2835 K | 2562 °C | 4643 °F | |
3200 K | 2927 °C | 5301 °F | ||
2562 °C | ||||
2561.5 °C | ||||
2868 K | 2595 °C | |||
< | -- 30 Zn --> 30 Zn zinc | |||
use | 1180 K | 907 °C | 1665 °F | |
1180 K | 907 °C | 1665 °F | ||
907 °C | ||||
907 °C | ||||
1180 K | 907 °C | |||
< | -- 31 Ga --> 31 Ga gallium | |||
use | 2673 K | 2400 °C | 4352 °F | |
2477 K | 2204 °C | 3999 °F | ||
2204 °C | ||||
2203 °C | ||||
2673 K | 2400 °C | 4352 °F | ||
< | -- 32 Ge --> 32 Ge germanium | |||
use | 3106 K | 2833 °C | 5131 °F | |
3093 K | 2820 °C | 5108 °F | ||
2833 °C | ||||
2830 °C | ||||
3103 K | 2830 °C | |||
< | -- 33 As --> 33 As arsenic (gray) | |||
use | 887 K | subl. 614 °C | 1137 °F | |
887 K | 614 °C | 1137 °F | ||
subl. 603 °C | ||||
subl. 615 °C | ||||
886.2 K | 613 °C | |||
< | -- 34 Se --> 34 Se selenium (hexagonal, gray) | |||
use | 958 K | 685 °C | 1265 °F | |
958 K | 685 °C | 1265 °F | ||
685 °C | ||||
685 °C | ||||
958.2 K | 685 °C | |||
< | -- 35 Br --> 35 Br bromine (Br2) | |||
use | 332.0 K | 58.8 °C | 137.8 °F | |
332 K | 59 °C | 138 °F | ||
58.8 °C | ||||
58.8 °C | ||||
331.7 K | 58.5 °C | |||
< | -- 36 Kr --> 36 Kr krypton | |||
use | 119.735 K | −153.415 °C | −244.147 °F | |
119.93 K | −153.22 °C | −243.8 °F | ||
−153.415 °C | ||||
−153.22 °C | ||||
121.2 K | -152 °C | |||
< | -- 37 Rb --> 37 Rb rubidium | |||
use | 961 K | 688 °C | 1270 °F | |
961 K | 688 °C | 1270 °F | ||
688 °C | ||||
691 °C | ||||
961.2 K | 688 °C | |||
< | -- 38 Sr --> 38 Sr strontium | |||
use | 1650 K | 1382 °C | 2511 °F | |
1655 K | 1382 °C | 2520 °F | ||
1377 °C | ||||
1366 °C | ||||
1653 K | 1380 °C | |||
< | -- 39 Y --> 39 Y yttrium | |||
use | 3203 K | 2930 °C | 5306 °F | |
3609 K | 3336 °C | 6037 °F | ||
3345 °C | ||||
3345 °C | ||||
3203 K | 2930 °C | 5306 °F | ||
< | -- 40 Zr --> 40 Zr zirconium | |||
use | 4650 K | 4377 °C | 7911 °F | |
4682 K | 4409 °C | 7968 °F | ||
4409 °C | ||||
3577 °C | ||||
4650 K | 4377 °C | 7911 °F | ||
< | -- 41 Nb --> 41 Nb niobium | |||
use | 5017 K | 4744 °C | 8571 °F | |
5017 K | 4744 °C | 8571 °F | ||
4744 °C | ||||
4860 °C | ||||
5017 K | 4744 °C | |||
< | -- 42 Mo --> 42 Mo molybdenum | |||
use | 4912 K | 4639 °C | 8382 °F | |
4912 K | 4639 °C | 8382 °F | ||
4639 °C | ||||
4825 °C | ||||
4885 K | 4612 °C | |||
< | -- 43 Tc --> 43 Tc technetium (Tc-98 ?) | |||
use | 4538 K | 4265 °C | 7709 °F | |
4538 K | 4265 °C | 7709 °F | ||
4265 °C | ||||
(Tc-98) 4265 °C | ||||
est. 4900 K; Schwochau, Klaus, Technetium, p. 95 Wiley-VCH (2000), | ||||
< | -- 44 Ru --> 44 Ru ruthenium | |||
use | 4423 K | 4150 °C | 7502 °F | |
4423 K | 4150 °C | 7502 °F | ||
4150 °C | ||||
4150 °C | ||||
4423 K | 4150 °C | |||
< | -- 45 Rh --> 45 Rh rhodium | |||
use | 3968 K | 3695 °C | 6683 °F | |
3968 K | 3695 °C | 6683 °F | ||
3695 °C | ||||
3727 °C | ||||
4000 K | 3727 °C | |||
< | -- 46 Pd --> 46 Pd palladium | |||
use | 3236 K | 2963 °C | 5365 °F | |
3236 K | 2963 °C | 5365 °F | ||
2963 °C | ||||
3167 °C | ||||
3233 K | 2960 °C | |||
< | -- 47 Ag --> 47 Ag silver | |||
use | 2483 K | 2210 °C | 4010 °F | |
2435 K | 2162 °C | 3924 °F | ||
2162 °C | ||||
2164 °C | ||||
2483 K | 2210 °C | 4010 °F | ||
< | -- 48 Cd --> 48 Cd cadmium | |||
use | 1040 K | 767 °C | 1413 °F | |
1040 K | 767 °C | 1413 °F | ||
767 °C | ||||
765 °C | ||||
1038 K | 765 °C | |||
< | -- 49 In --> 49 In indium | |||
use | 2345 K | 2072 °C | 3762 °F | |
2345 K | 2072 °C | 3762 °F | ||
2072 °C | ||||
2072 °C | ||||
2273 K | 2000 °C | |||
< | -- 50 Sn --> 50 Sn tin (white) | |||
use | 2875 K | 2602 °C | 4716 °F | |
2875 K | 2602 °C | 4716 °F | ||
2602 °C | ||||
2602 °C | ||||
2893 K | 2620 °C | |||
< | -- 51 Sb --> 51 Sb antimony | |||
use | 1908 K | 1635 °C | 2975 °F | |
1860 K | 1587 °C | 2889 °F | ||
1587 °C | ||||
1587 °C | ||||
1908 K | 1635 °C | |||
< | -- 52 Te --> 52 Te tellurium | |||
use | 1261 K | 988 °C | 1810 °F | |
1261 K | 988 °C | 1810 °F | ||
988 °C | ||||
989.9 °C | ||||
1263 K | 990 °C | |||
< | -- 53 I --> 53 I iodine (I2) | |||
use | 457.4 K | 184.3 °C | 363.7 °F | |
457.4 K | 184.3 °C | 363.7 °F | ||
184.4 °C | ||||
185.24 °C | ||||
457.2 K | 184 °C | |||
< | -- 54 Xe --> 54 Xe xenon | |||
use | 165.051 K | −108.099 °C | −162.578 °F | |
165.1 K | −108 °C | −162 °F | ||
−108.099 °C | ||||
−108.04 °C | ||||
165.2 K | -108 °C | |||
< | -- 55 Cs --> 55 Cs caesium | |||
use | 944 K | 671 °C | 1240 °F | |
944 K | 671 °C | 1240 °F | ||
671 °C | ||||
668.2 °C | ||||
963.2 K | 690 °C | |||
< | -- 56 Ba --> 56 Ba barium | |||
use | 1910 K | 1637 °C | 2978 °F | |
2143 K | 1870 °C | 3398 °F | ||
1845 °C | ||||
1845 °C | ||||
1910 K | 1637 °C | |||
< | -- 57 La --> 57 La lanthanum | |||
use | 3737 K | 3464 °C | 6267 °F | |
3743 K | 3470 °C | 6278 °F | ||
3464 °C | ||||
3464 °C | ||||
3743 K | 3470 °C | |||
< | -- 58 Ce --> 58 Ce cerium | |||
use | 3716 K | 3443 °C | 6229 °F | |
3633 K | 3360 °C | 6080 °F | ||
3443 °C | ||||
3440 °C | ||||
3743 K | 3470 °C | |||
< | -- 59 Pr --> 59 Pr praseodymium | |||
use | 3403 K | 3130 °C | 5666 °F | |
3563 K | 3290 °C | 5954 °F | ||
3520 °C | ||||
3520 °C | ||||
3403 K | 3130 °C | |||
< | -- 60 Nd --> 60 Nd neodymium | |||
use | 3347 K | 3074 °C | 5565 °F | |
3373 K | 3100 °C | 5612 °F | ||
3074 °C | ||||
3074 °C | ||||
3303 K | 3030 °C | |||
< | -- 61 Pm --> 61 Pm promethium (Pm-147 ?) | |||
use | 3273 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F | |
3273 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F | ||
3000 °C | ||||
(Pm-147) estimated 3000 °C | ||||
< | -- 62 Sm --> 62 Sm samarium | |||
use | 2173 K | 1900 °C | 3452 °F | |
2076 K | 1803 °C | 3277 °F | ||
1794 °C | ||||
1794 °C | ||||
2173 K | 1900 °C | 3452 °F | ||
< | -- 63 Eu --> 63 Eu europium | |||
use | 1802 K | 1529 °C | 2784 °F | |
1800 K | 1527 °C | 2781 °F | ||
1529 °C | ||||
1527 °C | ||||
1713 K | 1440 °C | |||
< | -- 64 Gd --> 64 Gd gadolinium | |||
use | 3546 K | 3273 °C | 5923 °F | |
3523 K | 3250 °C | 5882 °F | ||
3273 °C | ||||
3273 °C | ||||
3273 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F | ||
< | -- 65 Tb --> 65 Tb terbium | |||
use | 3396 K | 3123 °C | 5653 °F | |
3503 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F | ||
3230 °C | ||||
3230 °C | ||||
3396 K | 3123 °C | 5653 °F | ||
< | -- 66 Dy --> 66 Dy dysprosium | |||
use | 2840 K | 2567 °C | 4653 °F | |
2840 K | 2567 °C | 4653 °F | ||
2567 °C | ||||
2567 °C | ||||
2873 K | 2600 °C | |||
< | -- 67 Ho --> 67 Ho holmium | |||
use | 2873 K | 2600 °C | 4712 °F | |
2993 K | 2720 °C | 4928 °F | ||
2700 °C | ||||
2720 °C | ||||
2873 K | 2600 °C | 4712 °F | ||
< | -- 68 Er --> 68 Er erbium | |||
use | 3141 K | 2868 °C | 5194 °F | |
3141 K | 2868 °C | 5194 °F | ||
2868 °C | ||||
2868 °C | ||||
3173 K | 2900 °C | |||
< | -- 69 Tm --> 69 Tm thulium | |||
use | 2223 K | 1950 °C | 3542 °F | |
2223 K | 1950 °C | 3542 °F | ||
1950 °C | ||||
1950 °C | ||||
2223 K | 1950 °C | 3542 °F | ||
< | -- 70 Yb --> 70 Yb ytterbium | |||
use | 1703 K | 1430 °C | 2606 °F | |
1469 K | 1196 °C | 2185 °F | ||
1196 °C | ||||
1196 °C | ||||
1703K | 1430 °C | 2606 °F | ||
< | -- 71 Lu --> 71 Lu lutetium | |||
use | 3675 K | 3402 °C | 6156 °F | |
3675 K | 3402 °C | 6156 °F | ||
3402 °C | ||||
3402 °C | ||||
3603 K | 3330 °C | |||
< | -- 72 Hf --> 72 Hf hafnium | |||
use | 4876 K | 4603 °C | 8317 °F | |
4876 K | 4603 °C | 8317 °F | ||
4603 °C | ||||
4450 °C | ||||
4876 K | 4603 °C | |||
< | -- 73 Ta --> 73 Ta tantalum | |||
use | 5731 K | 5458 °C | 9856 °F | |
5731 K | 5458 °C | 9856 °F | ||
5458 °C | ||||
5429 °C | ||||
5693 K | 5420 °C | |||
< | -- 74 W --> 74 W tungsten | |||
use | 6203 K | 5930 °C | 10706 °F | |
5828 K | 5555 °C | 10031 °F | ||
5555 °C | ||||
5900 °C | ||||
6203 K | 5930 °C | 10706 °F | ||
< | -- 75 Re --> 75 Re rhenium | |||
use | 5869 K | 5596 °C | 10105 °F | |
5869 K | 5596 °C | 10105 °F | ||
5596 °C | ||||
5678 °C | ||||
5903 K | 5630 °C | |||
< | -- 76 Os --> 76 Os osmium | |||
use | 5285 K | 5012 °C | 9054 °F | |
5285 K | 5012 °C | 9054 °F | ||
5012 °C | ||||
5225 °C | ||||
5273 K | 5000 °C | |||
< | -- 77 Ir --> 77 Ir iridium | |||
use | 4403 K | 4130 °C | 7466 °F | |
4701 K | 4428 °C | 8002 °F | ||
4428 °C | ||||
circa 2550 °C | ||||
4403 K | 4130 °C | 7466 °F | ||
< | -- 78 Pt --> 78 Pt platinum | |||
use | 4098 K | 3825 °C | 6917 °F | |
4098 K | 3825 °C | 6917 °F | ||
3825 °C | ||||
3824 °C | ||||
4100 K | 3827 °C | |||
< | -- 79 Au --> 79 Au gold | |||
use | 3243 K | 2970 °C | 5378 °F | |
3129 K | 2856 °C | 5173 °F | ||
2856 °C | ||||
2856 °C | ||||
3243 K | 2970 °C | 5378 °F | ||
< | -- 80 Hg --> 80 Hg mercury | |||
use | 629.88 K | 356.73 °C | 674.11 °F | |
629.88 K | 356.73 °C | 674.11 °F | ||
356.73 °C | ||||
356.7 °C | ||||
630.2 K | 357 °C | |||
< | -- 81 Tl --> 81 Tl thallium | |||
use | 1746 K | 1473 °C | 2683 °F | |
1746 K | 1473 °C | 2683 °F | ||
1473 °C | ||||
1457 °C | ||||
1733 K | 1460 °C | |||
< | -- 82 Pb --> 82 Pb lead | |||
use | 2022 K | 1749 °C | 3180 °F | |
2022 K | 1749 °C | 3180 °F | ||
1749 °C | ||||
1749 °C | ||||
2017 K | 1744 °C | |||
< | -- 83 Bi --> 83 Bi bismuth | |||
use | 1837 K | 1564 °C | 2847 °F | |
1837 K | 1564 °C | 2847 °F | ||
1564 °C | ||||
1564 °C | ||||
1833 K | 1560 °C | |||
< | -- 84 Po --> 84 Po polonium (alpha) | |||
use | 1235 K | 962 °C | 1764 °F | |
1235 K | 962 °C | 1764 °F | ||
962 °C | ||||
962 °C | ||||
< | -- 85 At --> 85 At astatine (At2) | |||
use | 503±3 K | 230±3 °C | 445±5 °F | |
503±3 K | ||||
< | -- 86 Rn --> 86 Rn radon | |||
use | 211.5 K | −61.7 °C | −79.1 °F | |
211.3 K | −61.7 °C | −79.1 °F | ||
−61.7 °C | ||||
−62 °C | ||||
< | -- 87 Fr --> 87 Fr francium | |||
use | 890 K | 620 °C | 1150 °F | |
620 °C | ||||
< | -- 88 Ra --> 88 Ra radium | |||
use | 2010 K | 1737 °C | 3159 °F | |
2010 K | 1737 °C | 3159 °F | ||
1737 °C | ||||
< | -- 89 Ac --> 89 Ac actinium (Ac-227 ?) | |||
use | 3471 K | 3198 °C | 5788 °F | |
3573 K | 3300 °C | 5972 °F | ||
3198 °C | ||||
(Ac-227) circa 3200 °C | ||||
< | -- 90 Th --> 90 Th thorium | |||
use | 5061 K | 4788 °C | 8650 °F | |
5093 K | 4820 °C | 8708 °F | ||
4788 °C | ||||
4788 °C | ||||
< | -- 91 Pa --> 91 Pa protactinium | |||
use | ? 4300 K | ? 4027 °C | ? | |
< | -- 92 U --> 92 U uranium | |||
use | 4404 K | 4131 °C | 7468 °F | |
4200 K | 3927 °C | 7101 °F | ||
4131 °C | ||||
4131 °C | ||||
< | -- 93 Np --> 93 Np neptunium | |||
use | 4273 K | 4000 °C | 7232 °F | |
4273 K | 4000 °C | 7232 °F | ||
above 3900 °C | ||||
< | -- 94 Pu --> 94 Pu plutonium | |||
use | 3501 K | 3228 °C | 5842 °F | |
3503 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F | ||
3228 °C | ||||
3230 °C | ||||
< | -- 95 Am --> 95 Am americium | |||
use | 2880 K | 2607 °C | 4725 °F | |
2880 K | 2607 °C | 4725 °F | ||
2011 °C | ||||
2011 °C | ||||
< | -- 96 Cm --> 96 Cm curium (Cm-244 ?) | |||
use | 3383 K | 3110 °C | 5630 °F | |
3383 K | 3110 °C | 5630 °F | ||
circa 3100 °C | ||||
(Cm-244) circa 3110 °C |
10.1021/je1011086 . Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks . Zhang . Yiming . Evans . Julian R. G. . Yang . Shoufeng . J. Chem. Eng. Data . 2011 . 56 . 2 . 328–337.
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
As quoted from:
Estimation Chemical Form Boiling Point Elementary Astatine by Radio Gas Chromatography . Otozai . K. . Takahashi . N. . Radiochimica Acta . 31 . 201–203 . 1982 . 3–4 . 10.1524/ract.1982.31.34.201. 100363889 .
Book: Analytical Chemistry of Technetium, Promethium, Astatine, and Francium . Avgusta Konstantinovna . Lavrukhina . Aleksandr Aleksandrovich . Pozdnyakov . 1970 . Ann Arbor–Humphrey Science Publishers . Translated by R. Kondor . 978-0-250-39923-9 . 269.