Bob Blackman Explained

Bob Blackman
Office:Chairman of the 1922 Committee
Leader:Rishi Sunak
Term Start:9 July 2024
Predecessor:Sir Graham Brady
Office2:Member of Parliament
for Harrow East
Majority2:11,680 (24.4%)
Predecessor2:Tony McNulty
Term Start2:6 May 2010
Constituency Am3:Brent and Harrow
Assembly3:London
Term Start3:10 June 2004
Term End3:1 May 2008
Predecessor3:Toby Harris
Successor3:Navin Shah
Birth Date:1956 4, df=yes[1]
Birth Place:Kensington, London, England
Nationality:British
Spouse:Nicola Blackman
Party:Conservative Party
Residence:Wembley, London, England
Alma Mater:University of Liverpool (BSc)
Profession:BT
telecommunications engineer
Website:bobblackman.org.uk
parliament.uk biography
Office1:Executive Secretary of the 1922 Committee
Leader1:David Cameron
Theresa May
Boris Johnson
Liz Truss
Rishi Sunak
Termstart1:17 May 2012
Termend1:9 July 2024

Robert John Blackman MP (born 26 April 1956[2]) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the chairman of the 1922 Committee since July 2024. He has also been a Member of Parliament (MP) for Harrow East since 2010. He served as the Joint Executive Secretary of the backbench 1922 Committee from 2012 to 2024.[3] Blackman was the Member of the London Assembly (MLA) for Brent and Harrow between 2004 and 2008.

Early life and career

Robert John Blackman was born on 26 April 1956 in Kensington, London. After three A-levels, he studied maths and physics at the University of Liverpool, where he graduated with a BSc. While at Liverpool, he was president of the students' union.

After graduation, he joined the sales team of Burroughs Machines (later Unisys). Blackman worked in various sales and management positions for BT and worked at their training school in Milton Keynes as a tutor[4] and later as a regulatory compliance manager for BT[5] until his election to Parliament.

Political career

Blackman unsuccessfully stood as the Conservative candidate in the Tokyngton ward of Brent London Borough Council in 1986. A few months later, in November 1986, he stood in the Preston ward in a by-election and was elected;[6] he retained the seat until 2010, when he did not stand.[7] He was the leader of the Conservative group on Brent council from 1990 to 2010, having been council leader between 1991 and 1996, when his party lost control of the council. From June 2006 to May 2010, he was deputy leader of Brent Council, the Conservatives having formed a coalition with the Liberal Democrats.

He stood as the Conservative Party candidate for the London Assembly constituency of Brent and Harrow at the 2000 elections, losing to the Labour candidate Toby Harris. He defeated Harris at the 2004 assembly elections and was elected as the Conservative group's whip on the London Assembly.

In the 2008 London Assembly election, Blackman lost his seat to the Labour candidate Navin Shah by 1,649 votes.[8]

In 2024, Blackman successfully ran for the position of chairman of the Conservative parties "1922 Committee". He won against fellow backbencher Geoffrey Clifton-Brown by 61 votes to 37 – with 98 votes cast.[9] [10]

Parliamentary career

At the 1992 general election, Blackman stood for election in Brent South, coming second with 30.5% of the vote behind the incumbent Labour MP Paul Boateng.[11]

Blackman stood in Bedford at the 1997 general election, coming second with 33.7% of the vote behind the Labour candidate Patrick Hall.[12]

At the 2005 general election, Blackman stood for election in Brent North, coming second with 33% of the vote behind the incumbent Labour MP Barry Gardiner.[13]

He has taken the oath of allegiance on both the King James Version and the Bhagavad Gita multiple times.[14] [15]

1st term (2010–2015)

At the 2010 general election, Blackman was elected to Parliament as MP for Harrow East with 44.7% of the vote and a majority of 3,403.[16]

In 2010, Blackman was elected a member of the Communities and Local Government Select Committee[17] and was elected secretary of the 1922 Committee in 2015 (serving jointly with Nigel Evans until 8 January 2020 when Evans became second deputy chairman of Ways and Means).[18]

Blackman called for the adoption of plain packaging legislation for cigarettes in November 2012,[19] and supported Cameron's plan calling for energy companies to provide simplified energy bills to their customers.[20]

In December 2012, when the Conservative Party launched a consultation into legalising same-sex marriages, Blackman suggested that David Cameron should resurrect Section 28, stating that he believed that "Section 28 was the right rules to have in school so that we should not in any way shape or form promote same-sex relationships" and said he would be "very opposed" to seeing teachers being forced to say same-sex relationships are equivalent to heterosexual relationships.[21] Soon afterwards, David Cameron announced his approval for same-sex marriage.[22] In response, Blackman told the BBC News Channel that Cameron's backing of religious same-sex marriages was wrong "on principle" and that marriage had to be "between one man and one woman".[23] According to the Harrow Times, he was accused of hypocrisy by a former fellow Brent council colleague who claimed she had an 11-year affair with him whilst he was married.[24] On 5 February 2013, Bob Blackman voted against the bill in the House of Commons second reading vote on marriage equality in Britain.[25]

Blackman is an officer of the Conservative Friends of Israel group. He has been part of several delegations to Israel,[26] including during the Operation Defensive Shield conflict when he visited for an Israeli military briefing on the Iron Dome defence system.[27]

In 2015, the compliance officer for the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA) made a judgement that Blackman had submitted 732 inaccurate mileage claims.[28] According to IPSA he claimed up to 10 miles for a two-mile journey, making him the highest-mileage MP, claiming almost twice the mileage as the 10 next-highest MPs.[29]

2nd term (2015–2017)

Blackman was re-elected as MP for Harrow East at the 2015 general election with an increased vote share of 50.3% and an increased majority of 4,757.[30] [31]

On 1 July 2015, Blackman was elected chair of the All Party Political Group on Smoking and Health, after serving as its secretary for several years.[32] [33]

Blackman supported Brexit in the 2016 referendum.[34] He subsequently joined the European Research Group, a Eurosceptic group within Parliament.[35]

In October 2016, he was drawn second in the annual Parliamentary ballot for a Private Member's Bill and put together a Homelessness Reduction Bill in partnership with national homelessness charity, Crisis.[36] It was the first Private Member's Bill to be supported by a select committee.[37] After receiving Government support at second reading, it passed through all stages in Parliament unopposed in both Houses and received Royal Assent on 27 April 2017.[38]

3rd term (2017–2019)

At the snap 2017 general election, Blackman was again re-elected, with a decreased vote share of 49.4% and a decreased majority of 1,757.[39] [40]

In October 2017, Blackman drew criticism from Tom Peck of The Independent for hosting Tapan Ghosh, an anti-Islam extremist from India, at a House of Commons event.[41] Blackman also shared anti-Islam posts on Twitter by far-right activist Tommy Robinson and was a member of various anti-Islam groups on Facebook.[42] These comments and others by some Conservative candidates and representatives led the Muslim Council of Britain to call for an independent inquiry into alleged Islamophobia in the Conservative Party.

In Parliament, Blackman serves on the Procedure Committee, the Backbench Business Committee and the Housing, Communities and Local Government Committee.[43]

In March 2019, Blackman was among a group of MPs who argued for a number of measures to encourage people to quit smoking and prevent young people from taking it up, including raising the legal smoking age to 21 and introducing a levy on large tobacco companies.[44]

Also in March 2019, Blackman was one of 21 MPs who voted against LGBT-inclusive sex and relationship education in English schools.[45] [46]

In August 2019, Blackman expressed his support for Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi revoking Article 370 of the Constitution of India, calling the article an "anomaly", adding that "Kashmiri Pandits must be guaranteed right of return after they were the victims of ethnic cleansing".[47] Presumably Blackman is referring here to a return by Kashmiri Pandits to the Kashmiri Valley.

4th term (2019–2024)

Blackman was again re-elected at the 2019 general election, with an increased vote share of 54.4% and an increased majority of 8,170.[48] [49]

Following an interim report on the connections between colonialism and properties now in the care of the National Trust, including links with historic slavery, Blackman was among the signatories of a letter to The Telegraph in November 2020 from the "Common Sense Group" of Conservative Parliamentarians. The letter accused the National Trust of being "coloured by cultural Marxist dogma, colloquially known as the 'woke agenda'".[50]

Blackman attended a Diwali event held in October 2022 at the Houses of Parliament as a guest of the Hindu Forum of Britain. Nithya Atmadayananda, a prominent supporter of Nithyananda, was photographed with Blackman and the President of the Hindu Forum of Britain, Trupti Patel. The brochure for the event featured a full-page advert for Kailasa UK containing images of Nithyananda.[51] [52] [53] [54] The Hindu Forum of Britain itself has been accused of links to Hindu nationalists in India.[55]

In May 2024, Blackman was reselected as the Conservative candidate for Harrow East at the 2024 general election.[56]

5th term (2024–)

Blackman retained his seat in the 2024 general election with an increased majority. Notably, Harrow East was the sole seat in the United Kingdom in which a Conservative candidate won with more than 50% of the vote.[57]

Azerbaijan All-Party Parliamentary Group

Blackman is the chair of the Azerbaijan All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG). In 2013, The Guardian published an article "Plush hotels and caviar diplomacy: how Azerbaijan's elite wooed MPs", criticising Blackman's five-day visit to Azerbaijan, paid for by The European Azerbaijan Society (TEAS).[58] The National highlighted in 2022 that several of his trips to Azerbaijan were paid for by the Azerbaijani parliament or its London embassy.[59] Blackman received a series of briefings from high-level Azerbaijani figures, including in 2020 and 2021 from Azerbaijani MP Javanshir Feyziyev, who was investigated by the National Crime Agency, followed by a court case where £5.6m of laundered cash was ordered to be seized from his family's accounts.[59] OpenDemocracy reported in February 2022 that Blackman tabled four pro-regime motions in the House and had written to two foreign secretaries, urging them to strengthen ties with Azerbaijan and condemn its opponent Armenia.[60]

Blackman told the Eye To Eye podcast in July 2020[61] that he "put down positions on behalf of good friends in Azerbaijan" on a regular basis, that [referring to [[July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes]]] "in these types of conflicts ... whoever gets the best propaganda tends to grab the attention of the listeners and the viewers", adding that in this regard he has been "fed the information through the Azerbaijan embassy in the UK", praising the latter for being "very very helpful and proactive".[59] Blackman urged the then foreign secretary, Dominic Raab, to take Azerbaijan's side in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.[60] On Blackman's Azerbaijan lobbying, Steve Goodrich from anti-corruption group Transparency International UK commented "It's pretty shocking if you've got MPs essentially being briefed by foreign embassies and then making contributions in the House based on what they've been advised to say."[60]

Personal life

Blackman married Nicola Jennings in 1988. He employs his wife as a part-time office manager.[62]

In 2012, it was reported that Blackman had been involved in an 11-year affair with Carol Shaw while they both served on Brent Council in the 1990s.[63]

Honours and awards

Blackman was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2023 Birthday Honours for political and public service.

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Bob Blackman MP . BBC . BBC Democracy Live . 25 July 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160917000831/http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/representatives/profiles/37675.stm . 17 September 2016 . live.
  2. Web site: Blackman, Robert, (born 26 April 1956), MP (C) Harrow East, since 2010. 2 June 2021. WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. 2007. en. 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u45088. 978-0-19-954088-4.
  3. Web site: New faces on Tory 1922 committee . 17 May 2012 . . 30 December 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120517085542/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-18093877 . 17 May 2012 . live.
  4. Web site: Biography. Bob Blackman. 19 March 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150205213929/http://bobblackmanmp.com/about/biography. 5 February 2015. live.
  5. News: Blackman responds to statement on the Leveson Inquiry. DeHaviland. 7 December 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20140105012508/http://www.dehavilland.co.uk/VERTICALS/userlogin2.aspx?ReturnUrl=%2fVERTICALS%2fMonitor%2fMoStart.aspx%3fitems%3d18540349&items=18540349. 5 January 2014. live.
  6. Web site: London Borough Council Elections 3rd May 1990 . 25 June 2024 . London Research Centre . 146.
  7. Web site: London Borough of Brent Election Results 1964–2010. Plymouth University. 7 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142902/http://www.electionscentre.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Brent-1964-2010.pdf. 12 June 2018. live.
  8. News: Brent & Harrow 2008 Election Result . BBC News . 11 June 2008 . 8 January 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120425062400/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/elections/london/08/html/3.stm . 25 April 2012 . live.
  9. News: Hazell . Will . 2024-07-06 . Brexiteer Tory MP who increased majority to run as Chairman of 1922 Committee . 2024-07-09 . The Telegraph . en-GB . 0307-1235.
  10. Web site: Conservatives choose new 1922 Committee chair in key step towards next leadership battle . 2024-07-09 . Sky News . en.
  11. Web site: Election Data 1992 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054418/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1992ob.txt . 15 October 2011 . 18 October 2015 . Electoral Calculus.
  12. Web site: Election Data 1997 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054424/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1997.txt . 15 October 2011 . 18 October 2015 . Electoral Calculus.
  13. Web site: 2005-05-05 . Election results for Brent North, 5 May 2005 . 2024-04-12 . Brent Council. en.
  14. Bob Blackman . BobBlackman. 1811020340765581337. 10 July 2024. Proud to have taken my oath of allegiance to HM King Charles on the King James Bible and the Gita as we return to Parliament after the General Election. 1 August 2024 . https://archive.today/20240801152953/https://x.com/BobBlackman/status/1811020340765581337. 1 August 2024.
  15. News: Shah . Neha . 2020-02-27 . How did British Indians become so prominent in the Conservative party? . The Guardian . London . 2024-08-01. In the 2019 election, [Bob Blackman] majority increased by more than 6,000 votes, and he was sworn into parliament on the Bhagavad Gita..
  16. Web site: Election Data 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130726162034/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt . 26 July 2013 . 17 October 2015 . Electoral Calculus.
  17. Web site: Communities and Local Government Select Committee . UK Parliament . UK Parliament Website . 8 January 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120118050938/http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/communities-and-local-government-committee/membership/ . 18 January 2012 . live.
  18. Web site: 3 June 2015 . 1922 Committee Results . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170426152225/http://www.conservativehome.com/parliament/2015/06/the-full-results-of-the-latest-1922-committee-election.html . 26 April 2017 . 25 April 2017 . Conservative Home Website . Conservative Home.
  19. News: Emma Innes . 30 November 2012 . Harrow MP calls for cigarettes to be sold in plain packets (From Harrow Times) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031019/http://www.harrowtimes.co.uk/news/10081729.Harrow_MP_calls_for_cigarettes_to_be_sold_in_plain_packets/ . 4 March 2016 . 7 December 2012.
  20. News: Emma Innes . 21 November 2012 . Harrow East MP supports government energy plans (From Harrow Times) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234819/http://www.harrowtimes.co.uk/news/10060598.Harrow_East_MP_supports_government_energy_plans/ . 3 March 2016 . 7 December 2012.
  21. Web site: 7 December 2012 . Tory MP Bob Blackman: Cameron should be re-introducing Section 28 not letting gays marry . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180131224545/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/12/07/tory-mp-bob-blackman-cameron-should-be-re-introducing-section-28-not-letting-gays-marry/ . 31 January 2018 . 30 December 2017.
  22. 6 December 2012 . Gay marriage: David Cameron backs church role . live . BBC News . BBC . https://web.archive.org/web/20121207192535/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20642428 . 7 December 2012 . 6 December 2012.
  23. Joe Murphy, "Anti-homosexual Section 28 was right for schools, says Tory MP", London Evening Standard, 10 December 2012 https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/antihomosexual-section-28-was-right-for-schools-says-tory-mp-8398942.html
  24. News: Emma Innes . 17 December 2012 . Harrow East MP Bob Blackman at heart of national newspaper storm . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20151126042509/http://www.harrowtimes.co.uk/news/10112195.MP_at_heart_of_national_newspaper_storm/ . 26 November 2015 . 25 November 2015 . Harrow Times.
  25. Web site: The House of Commons.2013.Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Bill 2012–2013. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20141115021159/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmhansrd/cm130205/debtext/130205-0004.htm . 15 November 2014 . 12 December 2014 . publications.parliament.uk.
  26. Web site: Recent Delegations . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140727005934/http://www2.cfoi.co.uk/Delegations/RecentDelegations/ . 27 July 2014 . 30 July 2014.
  27. Web site: Mason . Rowena . 30 July 2014 . Tory MPs' visit to Israel condemned as bad timing . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161126110223/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/jul/30/tory-mps-visit-israel-condemned-bad-timing . 26 November 2016 . 16 June 2017 . The Guardian.
  28. News: Datoo . Siraj . 4 February 2015 . Tory MP Pays Back His Expenses After Making 734 "Inaccurate" Claims . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190109230544/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-31129900 . 9 January 2019 . 20 June 2018 . BBC News.
  29. News: 4 February 2015 . Tory MP Bob Blackman's 700 'inaccurate expenses claims' . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180915122542/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mps-expenses/11389305/Tory-MP-Bob-Blackmans-700-inaccurate-expenses-claims.html . 15 September 2018 . 4 May 2017 . The Daily Telegraph.
  30. Web site: Election Data 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112223/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt . 17 October 2015 . 17 October 2015 . Electoral Calculus.
  31. Web site: webmaster@harrow.gov.uk . 1 January 2004 . Election results for Harrow East, 7 May 2015 .
  32. News: Blackman . Bob . 2 July 2015 . Delighted to be elected Chairman of APPG for Action on Smoking & Health . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160305214317/https://twitter.com/bobblackmanmp/status/616392556990103553 . 5 March 2016 . 2 July 2015 . Twitter.
  33. Web site: Register Of All-Party Parliamentary Groups [as at 6 January 2017] ]. live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170323142850/https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/170106/smoking-and-health.htm . 23 March 2017 . 22 March 2017 . Parliament.uk.
  34. News: Goodenough . Tom . Which Tory MPs back Brexit, who doesn't and who is still on the fence? . 11 October 2016 . The Spectator . 16 February 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190502030758/https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2016/02/which-tory-mps-back-brexit-who-doesnt-and-who-is-still-on-the-fence/ . 2 May 2019 . live.
  35. Web site: Letter from European Research Group to PM May . 21 February 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180302201212/https://www.scribd.com/document/371977491/Letter-from-European-Research-Group-to-PM-May#from_embed . 2 March 2018 . live.
  36. Web site: No One Turned Away . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20170426151613/https://community.crisis.org.uk/no-one-turned-away/home . 26 April 2017 . 25 April 2017 . Crisis.
  37. News: 14 October 2016 . Homelessness Reduction Bill supported by Committee . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170426152201/http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/communities-and-local-government-committee/news-parliament-2015/homelessness-reduction-bill-report-published-16-17/ . 26 April 2017 . 25 April 2017 . UK Parliament.
  38. News: Homelessness Reduction Bill . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170610061858/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2016-17/homelessnessreduction.html . 10 June 2017 . 25 April 2017 . UK Parliament.
  39. News: Harrow East parliamentary constituency . BBC News.
  40. Web site: 29 January 2019 . 7 April 2018 . Commons Briefing Paper 7979. General Election 2017: results and analysis . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20191112183438/https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7979/CBP-7979.pdf . 12 November 2019 . . Second.
  41. News: Anti-Islam extremist who praised Rohingya massacre hosted in Commons . 26 October 2017 . The Independent . 30 December 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180109114207/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/anti-islam-tapan-ghosh-bob-blackman-rohingya-muslims-a8020656.html . 9 January 2018 . live.
  42. News: Fisher . Lucy . Muslim Council of Britain demands inquiry into Tory 'Islamophobia' . 14 August 2018 . The Times . 31 May 2018 . subscription . https://web.archive.org/web/20180815055259/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/muslim-council-of-britain-demands-inquiry-into-tory-islamophobia-jb6tw88sk . 15 August 2018 . live.
  43. Web site: Bob Blackman MP . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143858/https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/bob-blackman/4005 . 12 June 2018 . 7 June 2018 . GOV.UK.
  44. News: Jamie Doward . MPs call for legal smoking age to be raised to 21 . The Guardian . 24 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191024134235/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/mar/02/raise-legal-smoking-age-to-21-say-mps . 24 October 2019 . live.
  45. Web site: 28 March 2019 . MPs vote for LGBT inclusive sex and relationship education from primary school . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190330104814/https://inews.co.uk/news/education/lgbt-sex-relationship-education-mps-support/ . 30 March 2019 . 24 October 2019 . inews.
  46. Web site: 27 March 2019 . Draft Relationships Education, Relationships and Sex Education and Health Education (England) Regulations 2019 – CommonsVotes . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190329025226/https://commonsvotes.digiminster.com/Divisions/Details/650#noes . 29 March 2019 . 24 October 2019 . Commonsvotes.digiminster.com.
  47. News: Bob Blackman, Harrow East MP, shares thoughts on Article 370 . Harrow Times . 12 August 2019 . 24 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191024104540/https://www.harrowtimes.co.uk/news/17831849.bob-blackman-harrow-east-mp-shares-thoughts-article-370/ . 24 October 2019 . live.
  48. Web site: 14 November 2019 . Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll for Harrow East Constituency . 24 November 2019 . Harrow London Borough Council.
  49. Web site: 28 January 2020 . Commons Briefing Paper 8749. General Election 2019: results and analysis . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20211118043715/https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8749/CBP-8749.pdf . 18 November 2021 . 19 January 2022 . . London.
  50. the Daily Telegraph. Britain's heroes. English. 9 November 2020. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/11/09/letterswill-police-break-armistice-day-ceremonies-wednesday/. 30 January 2021.
  51. News: Sawer . Patrick . Joshi . Poonam . 11 December 2022 . Work of cult leader wanted by Indian police promoted in Houses of Parliament Diwali pamphlet . limited . 12 December 2022 . The Telegraph . en-GB.
  52. News: 11 December 2022 . Tories invited UK representative of fugitive Hindu guru to party at House of Lords . 13 December 2022 . The Guardian . en.
  53. Web site: 12 December 2022 . UK Conservative leaders invite rape-accused Nithyananda's deputy to event in Parliament . 13 December 2022 . The News Minute . en.
  54. Web site: Events . https://web.archive.org/web/20221213194415/http://www.hfb.org.uk/events.html . 13 December 2022 . 13 December 2022 . www.hfb.org.uk . . en-GB.
  55. Inside the dirty digital battle for Harrow East's crucial Indian votes . 2023-07-25 . Wired UK . en-GB . 1357-0978.
  56. Web site: 7 June 2024 . Statement of Person Nominated and Notice of Poll: Harrow East Constituency . Harrow Council.
  57. Web site: 2024-07-19 . Results for a UK general election on 4 July 2024 By vote share . 2024-07-19 . UK Parliament.
  58. News: Doward. Jamie. 24 November 2013. Plush hotels and caviar diplomacy: how Azerbaijan's elite wooed MPs. The Guardian. 6 May 2021.
  59. Web site: Tory MP 'fed propaganda' by Azerbaijan for parliamentary debates. 20 February 2022. The National. 4 February 2022 . en.
  60. Web site: Tory MP 'fed' propaganda by Azerbaijan. 20 February 2022. openDemocracy. en.
  61. Web site: E12: Interview w/ Bob Blackman MP – The EyeToEye Podcast – UK Podcasts. 20 February 2022. uk-podcasts.co.uk. en.
  62. Web site: IPSA. GOV.UK. 7 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180926034305/http://www.theipsa.org.uk/mp-costs/your-mp/bob-blackman/. 26 September 2018. live.
  63. Web site: Caught with his pants down: Top Tory MP who praised sanctity of marriage had 11-YEAR AFFAIR . . 15 December 2012 .
  64. Web site: Padma Awards 2020 Announced. pib.gov.in.
  65. News: 26 January 2020. Full list of 2020 Padma awardees. en-IN. The Hindu.

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