| Honorific-Prefix: | vojvoda |
| Božo Petrović-Njegoš | |
| Native Name: | Божо Петровић-Његош |
| Office: | 1st Prime Minister of Principality of Montenegro[1] President of the Council of State of Montenegro |
| Term Start: | 20 March 1879 |
| Term End: | 19 December 1905 |
| Predecessor: | Position established |
| Successor: | Lazar Mijušković |
| Birth Date: | 1846 |
| Death Date: | 1929 (aged 82-83) |
| Monarch3: | Nicholas I |
| Office3: | 1st and 5th Minister of Justice of Principality of Montenegro |
| Predecessor3: | Position established |
| Monarch2: | Nicholas I |
| Office2: | 2nd Minister of Internal Affairs of Principality of Montenegro |
| Predecessor2: | Mašo Vrbica |
| Primeminister2: | Himself |
| Successor2: | Swan Gojnić |
| Termstart3: | 20 March 1879 |
| Termend3: | 1893 |
| Successor3: | Valtazar Bogišić |
| Termstart2: | 1884 |
| Termend2: | 19 December 1905 |
| Termstart4: | 1 October 1904 |
| Termend4: | 19 December 1905 |
| Monarch4: | Nicholas I |
| Primeminister4: | Himself |
| Successor4: | Milo Dožić |
| Predecessor4: | Miloš Đ. Shaulić |
| Primeminister3: | Himself |
| Office1: | 4th Head of the Governing Senate of Montenegro and the Highlands |
| Monarch1: | Nicholas I |
| Successor1: | Position abolished |
| Predecessor1: | Mirko Petrović-Njegoš |
| Termend1: | 20 March 1879 |
| Termstart1: | 20 July 1867 |
Božo Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian: Божо Петровић-Његош; 1846−1929) was a Montenegrin vojvoda and politician.
After taking command of the Southern Army in the Montenegrin–Ottoman War of 1876–1878, he represented the Principality of Montenegro at the Congress of Berlin.[2] He served as the head of government of Montenegro from 1879 to 1905.[3]
Božo studied in Paris. He returned to Montenegro following his studies. As cousin of Prince Nikola, Božo served as heir apparent from 1860 to 1871, when Nikola's first son Danilo was born.
Božo was the commander of the Southern Army during the Montenegrin–Ottoman War of 1876–1878. He had great success in the Battles of Medun and Trijebač.[4] However, in his memoirs, vojvoda Ilija Plamenac claims he was the de facto leader of the Southern Army as Božo was too young and inexperienced.[5] After the war, Božo was the Montenegrin representative at the Congress of Berlin. He was a candidate for Prince of Bulgaria in 1879.[6]
After the Congress, Božo served as head of government for more than 25 years. First as President of the Senate, and after that as President of the Council of State from 1879 to 1905. Božo was also the first president of the Montenegrin Great Court, after it was instituted in 1879, and he served there until 1882. [7] He retired from politics with the proclamation of the liberal 1905 Constitution of Montenegro. In 1915, he was made governor of Shkodër and Malësia following their occupation in World War I.
Božo was jailed in December 1918 during the events that led to the creation of Yugoslavia. He was arrested near Nikšić with his two younger brothers, general Đuro Petrović and former district councilor Marko Petrović. All three were interned in Podgorica. Božo and Marko were released after almost one year, and were later interned in Sarajevo. General Đuro was kept in Podgorica where he suffered from cataract.[8]
He died in 1929 and is buried in the Church of St. Sava graveyard in Erakovići, near Cetinje.[9]