Blanche Lefebvre Explained

Blanche Lefebvre (or Lefevre) (1847 - 23 May 1871) was a communard active in the Batignolles quarter in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. She died defending the Paris Commune during "bloody week".

Biography

Blanche Lefebvre was a laundress at the Sainte-Marie des Batignolles laundry. She lived at 34, rue des Maris, in the 10th arrondissement.[1]

During the Paris Commune, she was a member of the, which was founded on 3 May 1871 in the church of ; her husband was the secretary. She was also a member of the executive committee of the French: [[Union des femmes pour la défense de Paris et les soins aux blessés]] ("Women's Union for the Defence of Paris and the Care of the Wounded").[2] She was known to always wear a red sash and carry a revolver.

Abbot Paul Fontoulieu, a strongly anti-communard but otherwise generally reliable contemporary,[3] described Lefebvre as the "queen" of the podium at the Batignolles - and as a "terrible woman", a "fanatic" who "loved the insurrection as others love a man,"[4] capable of making any sacrifice for the Commune. He compared her to Théroigne de Méricourt and Charlotte Corday (not, in his opinion, a flattering comparison), and related a story in which she shot dead a Fédéré captain on 22 May for his cowardice in the face of the Commune's looming defeat.[5]

Lefebvre was one of the women who participated in the defence of Place Blanche on 23 May 1871, along with Élisabeth Dmitrieff, Nathalie Lemel,, and Julia Béatrix Euvrie.[6] She was killed fighting Versailles troops later that day, on the in the 17th arrondissement,[7] on the Batignolles barricade.

Legacy

A square was created in 2012 with the provisional designation "BY/17". In June 2013, Paris city hall named it "Place Blanche Lefebvre".[8]

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Book: Rey . Claudine . Petit dictionnaire des femmes de la Commune: Les oubliées de l'histoire . Gayat . Annie . Pepino . Sylvie . Éditions Le bruit des autres . 2013 . 173 . fr.
  2. Web site: Commune de Paris. Affiche. Appel aux ouvrières. 18 mai 1871. N° 342. 20 January 2022. bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr. 7 January 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180107175202/https://bibliotheques-specialisees.paris.fr/ark:/73873/pf0001490430/v0001.simple.selectedTab=record. live.
  3. Johnson . Martin Philip . 1994 . Citizenship and gender: the légion des Fédérées in the Paris Commune of 1871 . . en . 8 . 3 . 287. 10.1093/fh/8.3.276 .
  4. "French: italics=no|Il y eut néanmoins une reine de la tribune, et cette reine fut une blanchisseuse du lavoir Sainte-Marie, rue Legendre. [...] Une terrible femme que cette French: blanchisseuse! French: italics=no|fanatique de la Commune, enivrée par la guerre civile, aimant l'insurrection comme d'autres aiment un homme [...]"
  5. Book: Fontoulieu, Paul . Les Églises de Paris sous la Commune . Édouard Dentu . 1873 . 224–226 . fr.
  6. Web site: Communication de Marie Guermont au colloque Republique Commune de novembre 2011. 20 January 2022. federations.fnlp.fr. 16 May 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170516202643/http://federations.fnlp.fr/IMG/pdf/Communication_de_Marie_Guermont_au_colloque_Republique_Commune_de_novembre_2011_sans_image.pdf. live.
  7. Encyclopedia: LEFEBVRE Blanche (ou LEFÈVRE ?) . 2021-08-06 . fr . Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier . . Paris . mdy-all . 2022-01-21 . 2022-01-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220121025652/https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article63854 . live .
  8. Web site: Le Maire de Paris. 2013. Attribution à une place de la dénomination " place Blanche Lefebvre ". January 20, 2022. fr. March 3, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204518/http://a06.apps.paris.fr/a06/jsp/site/plugins/odjcp/DoDownload.jsp?id_entite=25850&id_type_entite=6. live.