Bixi (clothing) explained
| Pic: | Imperial Encyclopaedia - Ceremonial Usages - pic411 - 蔽膝.png |
| Piccap: | Illustration of a bixi found in the Chinese encyclopedia Gujin Tushu Jicheng, section "Ceremonial Usages", between 1700 and 1725 AD. |
| C: | 蔽膝 |
| P: | bìxī |
| L: | Knee cover |
| Hangul: | 폐슬 |
| Rr: | Pyeseul |
| Hanja: | 蔽膝 |
| C2: | 韍 |
| P2: | Fú |
| L2: | Kneepad |
(;), also known as ,[1] is generic term which refers to a type of traditional Chinese decorative piece of fabric, which acts as a knee covering, in .[2] The originated in China where it originated from the primitive clothing of the ancient; since then, it continued to be worn by both men and women,[3] and eventually became part of the Chinese ceremonial attire. The was later introduced in Korea during Goryeo and Joseon by the Ming dynasty, along with many garments for royalties.[4] [5]
History
The originated from primitive clothing back when animal hides were used to cover the abdomen and the genitals.
During the Shang dynasty, the basic style of clothing for men and women consisted of and .[6]
Among many other types of female clothing items, the was listed in tomb inventories dating from 361 AD.[7]
In the Ming dynasty, the became part of the official clothing.
Construction and design
The is a length of fabric which is typically long enough to reach the kneel-level and cover the front legs when attached to the waist of its wearer.
Usage
Male clothing attire
A red was worn as part of the which was worn by the Chinese emperors.
A crimson was worn as part of the .[8] [9]
Female clothing attire
A was also worn with the worn by Chinese empresses; the worn in the hanged in front of the garment and had the same colour as the bottom colour as the lower skirt.[10]
See also
References
- Book: Zhang, Fa. History and spirit of chinese art. 2016. 978-1-62320-130-2. Honolulu. 13. 933763535.
- Book: Hua, Mei. Chinese clothing. 2011. 978-0-521-18689-6. Updated. Cambridge, United Kingdom. 56. 781020660.
- Book: Zhongguo xie zhen hua . 2003 . Mu wen tang mei shu chu ban she you xian gong si . Shanming Guan, 關善明 . 988-97206-2-0 . Di 1 ban . Xianggang . 38 . 56424659.
- Web site: 폐슬(蔽膝) - 한국민족문화대백과사전 . 2021-12-28 . Encyclopedia of Korean Culture.
- Web site: 폐슬(蔽膝) . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190616120627/http://folkency.nfm.go.kr/kr/topic/detail/7236 . 2019-06-16 . 2021-12-28 . Encyclopedia of Korean Folk Culture.
- Book: Lüsted, Marcia Amidon . Ancient Chinese daily life . 2016 . 978-1-4777-8889-9 . First . New York . 22 . 957525459.
- Book: Dien, Albert E. . Six dynasties civilization . 2007 . Yale University Press . 978-0-300-07404-8 . New Haven, Conn. . 324 . 72868060.
- Book: 5000 years of Chinese costumes. 1987. China Books & Periodicals. Xun Zhou, Chunming Gao, 周汛, Shanghai Shi xi qu xue xiao. Zhongguo fu zhuang shi yan jiu zu. 0-8351-1822-3. San Francisco, CA. 108–109. 19814728.
- Web site: 宋代皇帝服饰：通天冠服 - 栖凤阁汉服网最美中国风 尽在栖凤阁 Powered by Hishop. 2021-12-22. hanfudian.com.
- Zhang. Shuhua. Shanat. Musdi bin Hj. Abdullah. Qistina Donna Lee. 2021-03-31. The Expression of Religious Elements and Factors of Religious Thoughts in the Empress's Ceremonial Costume "Hui Yi" of Song Dynasty. International Journal of Service Management and Sustainability. en. 6. 1. 89–108. 10.24191/ijsms.v6i1.12880. 2550-1569. free.
