Bisphenol Explained

Bisphenol should not be confused with biphenol.

The bisphenols are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the creation of plastics and epoxy resins.^{[1] [2] [3]} Most are based on two hydroxyphenyl functional groups linked by a methylene bridge. Exceptions include bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents. Bisphenol A is the most popular representative of the group, with millions of metric tons produced globally in the past decade, often simply called "bisphenol".^{[4] [5]}

List

Structural formula	Name		Reactants
		80-05-7		Acetone
		1571-75-1		Acetophenone
		1478-61-1		Hexafluoroacetone
		77-40-7		Butanone
		1844-01-5		Benzophenone
		79-97-0		Acetone
		14868-03-2		Chloral
		2081-08-5		Ethanal
		620-92-8		Formaldehyde
		127-54-8	2-Isopropylphenol	Acetone
		13595-25-0
		80-09-1		Sulfur trioxide
		2167-51-3
		24038-68-4		Acetone
		129188-99-4		3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanone
		843-55-0		Cyclohexanone
		5329-21-5		Nitric acid
		79-94-7		Bromine

Health effects

Bisphenols A (BPA), F (BPF) and S (BPS) have been shown to be endocrine disruptors, potentially relating to adverse health effects.^[6] Due to its high production volumes, BPA has been characterised as a "pseudo-persistent" chemical,^[7] leading to its spreading and potential accumulation in a variety of environmental matrices, even though it has a fairly short half-life.^[8]

Further reading

• For additional examples and alternate names, see: Book: Polymer Science Dictionary . Alger M . Springer . 2017 . 978-94-024-0893-5 . 77 .

Notes and References

1. Book: Pelch KE, Wignall JA, Goldstone AE, Ross PK, Blain RB, Shapiro AJ, Holmgren SD, Hsieh JH, Svoboda D . NTP Research Report on Biological Activity of Bisphenol A (BPA) Structural Analogues and Functional Alternatives: Research Report 4 . 2017 . National Toxicology Program . NTP Research Reports . Research Triangle Park (NC) . 31944638.
2. Fishburn JL, Larson HL, Nguyen A, Welch CJ, Moore T, Penn A, Newman J, Mangino A, Widman E, Ghobashy R, Witherspoon J, Lee W, Mulligan KA . Bisphenol F affects neurodevelopmental gene expression, mushroom body development, and behavior in Drosophila melanogaster . Neurotoxicology and Teratology . 102 . 107331 . 2024-03-01 . 38301979 . 10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107331 . 2024NTxT..10207331F . free .
3. Almeida S, Raposo A, Almeida-González M, Carrascosa C . Bisphenol A: Food Exposure and Impact on Human Health . Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety . 17 . 6 . 1503–1517 . November 2018 . 33350146 . 10.1111/1541-4337.12388 .
4. Vandenberg LN, Maffini MV, Sonnenschein C, Rubin BS, Soto AM . Bisphenol-A and the great divide: a review of controversies in the field of endocrine disruption . Endocrine Reviews . 30 . 1 . 75–95 . February 2009 . 19074586 . 2647705 . 10.1210/er.2008-0021 .
5. Encyclopedia: Fiege H, Voges HW, Hamamoto T, Umemura S, Iwata T, Miki H, Fujita Y, Buysch HJ, Garbe D, Paulus W . Phenol Derivatives . Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 2002. Wiley-VCH. Weinheim. 10.1002/14356007.a19_313. 978-3-527-30673-2 . Phenol Derivatives . .
6. Web site: BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous. Scientific American. 11 August 2014. Bilbrey J . 8 August 2015.
7. Pivnenko K, Pedersen GA, Eriksson E, Astrup TF . Bisphenol A and its structural analogues in household waste paper . Waste Management . 44 . 39–47 . October 2015 . 26194879 . 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.07.017 . 217938141 . 2015WaMan..44...39P .
8. See Bisphenol A#Environmental effects for extensive discussion