Biru clan explained

Biru (Chinese: 碧鲁氏^[1] /必录氏) was one of the Manchu clans incorporated into Bordered White Banner. The clan inhabited the territory ranging from Heilongjiang to Yehe valley.^[2] In 1689, the clan was transferred to Bordered Yellow Banner.^[3]

After the demise of the Qing dynasty, the modern-day descendants changed their surnames to Bi (毕), He (何), Yi (异). Since 1989, some modern-day descendants live in Japan.^[4]

Notable figures

Males

• Zhumala (朱马喇,1605-1662), served as second rank military official and general of Hangzhou^[5] and held a title of third class baron and canonised as Xiangmin (襄敏)
  • Keshan (科山), held a title of baron
    • Funing (富宁), held a title of first class baron^[6]
• Ehui (d.1798), served as Viceroy of Sichuan in 1787,^[7] a participant of Sino-Nepalese War and war campaigns in Taiwan against Lin Shuangwen (林爽文), a participant of war campaign pacifying White Lotus in 1796, served as a Junior Protector of Crown Prince, first rank military official and Viceroy of Yun-Gui in 1797, canonised as Kejing (恪靖) and enshrined in Xianliang temple (honour revoked in 1799)^[8]
• Wenxiu (文绣), a censor
• Shanquan (善佺), an official in the Ministry of Justice (法部)

Females

Princess Consort

• Primary consort
  • Zaixun's wife, the mother of Pugong (1904–1960s), first daughter (b. 1905), second daughter (b. 1906) and third daughter (b. 1907)

Notes and References

1. "biru" meaning "beer" in Manchu
2. Book: Chen, Mingyuan. "Encyclopedia of Chinese Surnames". Beijing Book Co. Inc.. 1995. 596, 585.
3. Book: Xu, Tiesheng. "New edition of "100 families" ". Beijing Book Co. Inc. 2017.
4. Web site: 1031　姓氏略考－碧鲁姓－姓氏渊源_sinosurname_新浪博客. 2021-01-13. blog.sina.com.cn.
5. Book: Gong, Baoli. "Chronicles of Shunzhi era". 遠流出版. 2005. 150.
6. Book: Aisin Gioro, Hongzhou. "Genealogy of the Manchu clans". 1735.
7. Book: Li, Xueqin. "Legends of Tibetan books.History". 海南国际新闻出版中心. 1995. 2263.
8. Book: Zhao, Erxun. "Draft History of Qing".Biography 15. 1928.