| Official Name: | Birney, Montana |
| Settlement Type: | Census-designated place |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Montana |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Rosebud |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 39.07 |
| Area Land Km2: | 39.07 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.00 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 15.09 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 15.09 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.00 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 97 |
| Population Density Km2: | 2.48 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 6.43 |
| Timezone: | Mountain (MST) |
| Utc Offset: | -7 |
| Timezone Dst: | MDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -6 |
| Elevation Ft: | 3124 |
| Coordinates Footnotes: | [2] |
| Coordinates: | 45.3217°N -106.515°W |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 59012 |
| Area Code: | 406 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 30-06925 |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 0802035 |
Birney is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rosebud County, Montana, United States. The population was 108 at the 2000 census.
The post office was established in 1886.[3]
The nearby town of Ashland was called Birney, the name of the postmaster, from 1881 to 1886. The current town of Birney was named for a fur trader.[4]
The Battle of Wolf Mountain was fought near present-day Birney in January 1877.
In the late 1950s, the town consisted of a one-room schoolhouse (of two classrooms), a small church, the Birney Cash Store and its post office, the store called Ranch Stores, and six households with a population of 13.
Birney is located on the Tongue River Road, near the confluence of the Tongue River and Hanging Woman Creek. It is approximately northeast of Sheridan, Wyoming and about southwest of Ashland. Birney is just outside the boundary of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 15.1sqmi, all land.
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Birney has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.[5]
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 108 people, 29 households, and 22 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 7.2sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 39 housing units at an average density of 2.6sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the CDP was 9.26% White, 86.11% Native American, 1.85% from other races, and 2.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.85% of the population.
There were 29 households, out of which 48.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.5% were married couples living together, 27.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.7% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.72 and the average family size was 4.13.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 45.4% under the age of 18, 13.0% from 18 to 24, 18.5% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 3.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $15,417, and the median income for a family was $12,500. Males had a median income of $51,250 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,338. There were 50.0% of families and 50.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 65.2% of those under 18 and 50.0% of those over 64.
The Forsyth-based Independent Press covers news for all of Rosebud County, which includes Birney.[7]