| Benbaun | |
| Other Name: | Binn Bhán |
| Elevation M: | 729 |
| Elevation Ref: | [1] |
| Prominence M: | 684 |
| Listing: | P600, County top (Galway), 100 Highest Irish Mountains, Marilyn, Hewitt, Arderin, Simm, Vandeleur-Lynam |
| Translation: | White Mountain |
| Language: | Irish |
| Location: | County Galway, Ireland |
| Range: | Twelve Bens |
| Map: | island of Ireland |
| Map Relief: | yes |
| Coordinates: | 53.5211°N -9.8311°W |
| Grid Ref Ireland: | L7855853903 |
| Topo: | OSi Discovery 37 |
| Geology: | Pale quartzites, grits, graphitic Bedrock |
Benbaun [2] is a mountain in County Galway, Ireland. With a height of 729m (2,392feet), it is the 72nd highest peak in Ireland on the Arderin scale,[3] and the 88th highest peak on the Vandeleur-Lynam scale.[4] [5] Benbaun is situated at the centre of the core massif of the Twelve Bens mountain range in the Connemara National Park and is the tallest mountain of the Twelve Bens range, and the county top for Galway.[5] [6]
According to Irish academic Paul Tempan, the "white peak" in the Irish language name derives from the abundance of quartzite rock in the summit of Benbaun.[2] Tempan notes that Benbaun is the "Mont Blanc" of Connemara.[2]
Benbaun is the highest mountain of the Twelve Bens range, which is situated in the Connemara National Park in west County Galway. Benbaun lies at the centre of the range and is situated in the middle of a long east-west ridge that to the west includes the major Bens of Benfree [2] 638m (2,093feet), Muckanaght [2] 654m (2,146feet), and Bencullagh [2] 632m (2,073feet), and the minor Ben of Maumonght [2] 602m (1,975feet), and its subsidiary peak of Maumonght SW Top 454m (1,490feet). To the east is a long flat 3.5-kilometre ridge at the end of which lies the minor Ben of Knockpasheemore [2] 412m (1,352feet) to the far eastern end.[6]
A deep col to the south, known as Maumina (Irish: Mám Eidhneach), connects Benbaun to the summit of Bencollaghduff 696m (2,283feet), and to the southern Bens of the "Glencoaghan Horseshoe" which forms around the Glencoaghan River.[6] Another deep col to the north, known as Maumnascalpa connects Benfree and Muckanaght to the northern Ben of Benbrack 582m (1,909feet), which sits on its own small massif with the subsidiary peaks of Knockbrack 442m (1,450feet), and another peak named Benbaun, at 447m (1,467feet).[6] Benbaun sits at the apex of two major glaciated U-shaped valleys.[6] To the east is the Gleninagh Valley (Irish: Gleann Eidhneach), from which the Gleninagh river flows. This valley is bounded by two large long north-easterly rocky spurs, and the southern spur contains "Carrot Ridge" (Irish: Meacan Buí), an important area for rock-climbing in the Bens, with climbs varying from Diff (D) to Very Severe (VS) and ranging from 150 to 320 metres in length.[7] To the south-west is the large valley of the Owenglin river which is bounded by several major Bens on each of its sides.[6]
Benbaun's prominence of 684m (2,244feet) qualifies it as a P600, and a Marilyn, and it also ranks it as the 41st-highest mountain in Ireland on the MountainViews Online Database, 100 Highest Irish Mountains, where the minimum prominence threshold is 100 metres.[5] [8]
The most straightforward route to climb Benbaun either via the pass of Maumina by walking up the Gleninagh valley, or by staying on higher ground by first summiting Knockpasheemore and then traversing the 3.5-kilometre ridge to the summit; both routes total over 9-kilometres and 4–5 hours of walking.
Because Benbaun lies off the very popular 16–kilometre 8–9 hour Glencoaghan Horseshoe, it gets fewer visits despite being the tallest Ben in the range.[9] [10] However, Benbaun sits close to the apex of three other well-regarded "horseshoe climbs" of equivalent difficulty in the Bens: